Moving quickly the Japanese took Wake Island Guam the Philippines and by the end of 1942 controlled nearly all of the Pacific The Japanese claimed to be liberating these lands from EuropeanAmerican control but proved to be more cruel than the previous overseers ever were ID: 438534
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Slide1
Japanese Victories
Moving quickly, the Japanese took Wake Island, Guam, the Philippines, and by the end of 1942 controlled nearly all of the Pacific
The Japanese claimed to be “liberating” these lands from European/American control, but proved to be more cruel than the previous overseers ever wereSlide2
Turning the Tide
Though the Japanese seemed invincible in 1942, the Allies (mostly US/Australia) struck back
Tokyo was bombed, and though the bombing did little physical damage, psychologically, Japan began to feel vulnerable
At the battle of the Coral Sea, the Japanese advance toward Australia was stoppedSlide3
The Battle of Midway
This is a battle the Allies should have lost, they were outnumbered and outgunned. Luck and timing saved the day
Midway was a trap the Japanese set to lure the American fleet in, and the Americans obliged. The US attack, however, was timed at the exact moment when enemy ships/planes were vulnerable, and the US gained a stunning victorySlide4
General Douglas MacArthur
Distinguished himself during WW1, was posted to the Philippines in 1935
Was called out shortly before the islands fell to the Japanese in 1941, but vowed to return. Became the Allied land forced commander in the Pacific
His idea of “island hopping” was to bypass Japanese strongholds and take island closer to JapanSlide5
The Battle of Guadalcanal
MacArthur’s first target presented itself quickly—Guadalcanal. The Japanese were building a base there, and the US wanted to take it before it became a stronghold.
After months of savage fighting, the Japanese abandoned what they came to call “the Island of Death”Slide6
The HolocaustThe German “
new racial order” didn
’
t include non-
”
Aryans
”
, especially Jews
Years of sustained propaganda against Jews led everyday Germans to view them as enemies of the state.Slide7
The Beginning
In 1935, the Nuremberg Laws deprived Jews of German citizenship
In 1938, a violent attack on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues left hundreds dead, and was termed the
Kristallnacht
—the “Night of Broken Glass”
At first, Hitler favored emigration to solve his “Jewish Problem,” however, neighboring countries stopped taking Jewish refugeesSlide8
Isolation in the GhettosOnce emigration failed, Hitler ordered all Jewish peoples to be moved to areas of designated cities.
These areas, called ghettos, were overcrowded, unsanitary, and abhorrent. They were sealed in by barbed wire and stone wallsSlide9
The Final Solution
Hitler’s “Final Solution,” an amalgamation of killing squads, labor camps and extermination camps amounted to genocide
Slave labor (Concentration) camps helped the German war effort and produced goods
Extermination camps like Auschwitz could kill 6,000 people a day.
In the end Hitler killed more than 60% of Europe’s Jews—over 6 million.Slide10
The Allied Counterstrategy
Roosevelt & Churchill met to develop a plan to strike back at the Germans in 1941.
Stalin had been pushing for Britain to open up another front in the west to alleviate pressure on Russia in the east. Initially, Roosevelt didn’t trust Stalin and was reluctant, but eventually agreed.
The Allies would weaken Germany on two fronts before dealing a deathblow. Slide11
North Africa
Feeling that opening up a front in France would be too costly, the British & Americans focused on North Africa.
The Battle of El Alamein began the German retreat, as 1000 British artillery guns pounded German defenses
General Dwight Eisenhower led the Operation Torch, the crushing of Rommel’s
Afrika
CorpsSlide12
Stalingrad
In the summer of 1942, the Germans set out to capture the Caucasus oil fields and Stalingrad.
By November, Germans controlled 90% of the city, but the Russians refused to surrender.
Winter set in, and the Russian counterattack trapped the Germans in the city.
In February of 1943, 90,000 frostbitten, starving German troops surrendered.Slide13
The Invasion of Italy
The British & Americans decided to attack Italy first. In July of 1943 they landed on Sicily, and within a month Italy had fallen.
Hitler came to his ally Mussolini’s aid. The Germans retook Northern Italy and put Mussolini back in charge
But, by 1944, the Allies had defeated the Italian/Nazi forces.Slide14
The End of MussoliniOn April 27, 1945, Italian resistance fighters ambushed a German convoy.Inside, they found Mussolini disguised as a German soldier
The next day he was shot and his body was displayed in Milan Slide15
The Home FrontThe United States, with its industrial might, supplied much of the Allied war effort.
Propaganda was used to inspire people to sacrifice for the war effortIn the US, Japanese-American people were rounded up and placed in interment camps