Associate Professor of Medicine Harvard Medical School The context an ingredient Ingredient vs c0nstituent geranium oil DMAA a pharmaceutical Pouchung tea DMBA a DMAAlike stimulant ID: 709037
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Slide1
Pre-dsheaingredients
Pieter Cohen, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical SchoolSlide2
The contextSlide3
“an ingredient”Slide4
Ingredient vs. c0nstituent
geranium oil
≠ DMAA (a pharmaceutical)
Pouchung tea ≠ DMBA (a DMAA-like stimulant)
dendrobium ≠ DEPEA (a methamphetamine analog)
Acacia rigidula
≠ BMPEA (an amphetamine analog)
bitter orange ≠ methylsynephrine (an ephedrine analog)Slide5
yohimbe
An extract from the tree bark has been used as a traditional aphrodisiac.
Yohimb
ine
is the most active chemical in the extract made from the tree bark. (It has also been introduced as a prescription drug in 5 mg and 10 mg pill formulations.)
Using traditional methods of preparation, the active chemical yohimb
ine
is found at levels <1% of the tree bark extract.
In our recent study,* we found up to 12 mg of yohimb
ine per supplement capsule labeled as containing the “yohimbe bark extract” or > 480% more yohimbine than what would be expected from 250 mg of traditionally prepared extract. This change represents the difference between a fraction of a prescription dose, in the traditional extract, compared to greater-than-prescription dosages in supplements.
*Pharmaceutical quantities of yohimbine found in dietary supplements in the USA
.
Drug Testing and Analysis 2016; 8(3-4):357-369Slide6
Red yeast rice
Red yeast rice may contain monacolin K, a “statin” drug identical to the active ingredient in prescription lovastatin.
Red yeast rice is produced by fermenting rice with various strains of
Monascus
spp. Similar to other fermented products, the quantity of monacolin K in red yeast rice supplements will vary depending on the strain of yeast selected and the specifications of the fermentation process, just as the quantity of alcohol varies in beer depending on the specifics of the fermentation process.
In our recent study,* the quantity of the active “statin” drug in red yeast rice supplements ranged from a none to prescription strength. In supplements that contained the active “statin” drug, the quantity ranged 60-fold from one brand to another.
*Variability in strength of red yeast rice supplements purchased from mainstream retailers.
Eur
J
Prev
Cardiol
. 2017 Sep; 24(13):1431-1434Slide7
“…was marketed before…”
mar
.
ket
.
v.i
to buy or sell in a market; deal (
Webster’s Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary
)Slide8
conclusions