In The Workplace Changing Profession Changing Attitudes Testing for voltage by touch under 250 volts considered safe Testing for low voltage by tasting Accepted test methods circa 1942 Electrical Safety ID: 173402
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Electrical Safety
In The WorkplaceSlide2
Changing Profession, Changing Attitudes
Testing for voltage by touch under 250 volts considered safe!!
Testing for low voltage by tasting!!
Accepted test methods circa 1942Slide3
Electrical SafetySlide4
Electrical Safety
What are the Electrical Hazards?
Electrical Shock –
When electrical current enters and exits the body creating a path.
Arc Flash – A dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc. Note that this explosive condition includes a broad spectrum of electromagnetic energy, plasma, fragments and a spray of molten materials.Arc Blast – Pressure wave caused by the expansion of gases and conducting materials with flying molten materials.Slide5
Shock Illustration
Current passage paths through the body
(A) Touch Potential (B) Step Potential (C and D) Touch / Step Potential
Current passing through the heart and lungs is the most serious
Electrical SafetySlide6
Electrical Safety
Current, Not Voltage causes Electrical Shock
mA
Affect on Person 0.5 - 3 Tingling sensations 3+ Shock10+ Muscle contractions and pain30+ Respiratory paralysis60+ Heart Paralysis (may be fatal)100+ Ventricular fibrillation (usually fatal)4+ Amps Heart Paralysis5+ Amps Tissue and Organs start to burn
Effects of Shock on the bodySlide7
Annual U.S. average
4,000
Electrical contact
injuries, non-disablingAnnual U.S. average
3,600Electrical contact injuries, disablingEach Day1Person is electrocuted
Electrocutions4Leading cause of occupational fatalitiesEvery Year2000+
Workers are sent to burn centers with electrical burns
Electrical Safety
StatisticsSlide8
Electrical Safety
Arc Rating.
Arc Rating is a protection value assigned to textile materials based on predicting 2
nd degree burn injury based on the Stoll Curve.Arc Flash hazard.
A dangerous condition associated with the release of energy caused by an electric arc. Note that this explosive condition includes a broad spectrum of electromagnetic energy, plasma, fragments and a spray of molten materials.Incident Energy as the amount of energy impressed on a surface, a certain distance from the source, generated during an electric arc event. Incident Energy is measured in calories/cm2.Cal/cm2. (Calories per Sq. Centimeter) The total energy on a surface area. It is the unit of measure used for Arc Ratings.
Terms and Definitions related to Arc FlashSlide9
Electrical Safety
Electricity will go through the path of least resistance. When the path of electricity is suddenly interrupted, the electricity will try to create a new pathway.
The arc can be generated by:
- Mechanical breakdown/failure
- Current overload - Accidental contactWhat causes Arc Flashes?Slide10
Electrical Safety
Variables that effect the size and energy of an electric arc flash are:
Amperage
VoltageArc gapClosure timeDistance away from arc
3 phase v single phaseConfined spaceCharacteristics of equipmentArc Flash VariablesSlide11
Electrical Safety
As much as
80% of all electrical injuries are burns
resulting from an arc-flash and ignition of flammable clothing.
Arc temperature can reach 35,000°F - this is four times hotter than the surface of the sun. Fatal burns can occur at distances over 10 ft.Over 2000 people are admitted into burn centers each year with severe electrical burns
Arc Flash Impacts
Example of an arcing faultSlide12
Electrical Safety
Electrical Arc-Flash can create blast in excess of 200 lbs/ft
2.Arc-Blast can cause collateral damage and extreme personal damage.
Explode switchgearSend molten metal at extreme high velocities.
Arc BlastSlide13
Electrical Safety
Industry standards and regulations:
OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S
NEC 2011NFPA 70E-2012 Edition Various ASTM Requirements
Are you in Compliance?Are your workers Safe?Slide14
Electrical Safety
NEC 2011 – National Electric Code
110.16 Arc Flash Hazard Warning -
Switchboards, panel boards, industrial control panels, and motor control centers in other than dwelling units, that are likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized, shall be field marked to warn qualified persons of potential electric arc flash hazards. The marking shall be located so as to be clearly visible to qualified persons before examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance of the equipment.FPN No. 1: NFPA 70E-2012, Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces, provides assistance in determining severity of potential exposure, planning safe work practices, and selecting personal protective equipment.
FPN No. 2: ANSI Z535.4-2007, Product Safety Signs and Labels, provides guidelines for the design of safety signs and labels for application to products.Slide15
Electrical Safety
Sample NEC Warning Article 110.16Slide16
Electrical Safety
Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workplaces
This requirement covers all aspects of worker safety associated with electrical hazards in the workplace. Within this standard are recommendations for proper PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
Addresses hazards:
ShockArc FlashRequirements for shock and arc flash boundaries Requirements for personal protective equipment
NFPA 70E – 2012 Edition StandardSlide17
Electrical Safety
NFPA 70E 2012 Summary of Significant Changes
All references to “FR” now changed to “
Arc Rated”. This identifies that FR clothing is not necessarily tested to the ASTM test for arc rating.Addition of incident energy tables for direct current (DC) systems.Terms such as “flash protection boundary”, “flash hazard boundary”, and “flash boundary” changed to new term “arc flash boundary”.The nose was added to the coverage needed from a balaclava.
Retraining shall be performed at intervals not to exceed 3 years.Electrical safety program shall identify procedures for working :within the limited approach boundary and arc flash boundary to clarify the separation between the two boundaries.Removal of 2* category. For 2012, all is included in category 2.Arc Blast is now a recognized hazard by NFPA 70E. Inclusion of this hazard may require updated assessments.Employees must report any perceived contact to supervision.
Employers must inform contractors of any known hazards.Slide18
Electrical Safety
How Do I Protect My Workers???Slide19
NFPA 70E Approach Boundaries
Electrical SafetySlide20
NFPA 70E provides two choices for selecting the appropriate PPE:
Perform an arc flash hazard analysis, and document the incident energy exposure
EasyPowerDuke Flux Software (Freeware)
ETAPIEEE 1584 StandardAs an alternate, use the “Hazard Risk Category Classifications” table to choose the PPE level required for the task
Electrical SafetySlide21
Electrical Safety
Salisbury Assessment Solutions (SAS)
A full turn-key solution which provides an arc flash hazard analysis and the necessary PPE recommendations needed to protect workers against those hazards Slide22
Electrical Safety
What Does SAS Provide?
SAS will put you into compliance!
Engineering service designed to identify hazardous electrical conditions which may exist in commercial or industrial facilities.Proper compliance training of personnel on procedures to help reduce injury/harm to the electrical workerSlide23
Electrical Safety
SAS Process
Initial ReviewOur engineers will review your line drawings and based on those drawings, identify potential risks in your work environment.
If line drawings are out of date or unavailable, our engineers will be onsite to identify the potential risks. Post ReviewSAS will provide you with a full summary of the assessment as well as recommend practices to improve your organizations safety practices.
SAS provides the training necessary to ensure your staff is educated in safe work practices.SAS will recommend the necessary PPE to provide your staff with essential protective equipment to keep them safe in the event of an arc flash.Salisbury Assessment Solutions gives you the Tools and Training to provide a Safe Work Environment!!Slide24
Electrical Safety
Benefits of SAS – Turn Key Solution
Assessment Solutions
SAS will complete the Salisbury by Honeywell “One Stop” Arc Flash Solution that our competition cannot offerFor years, Salisbury by Honeywell has offered all of the electrical PPE needed for an electrical worker.
Now with Salisbury Assessment Solutions, Salisbury by Honeywell can offer electrical assessments and training!SAS Consumer PromiseSAS will continue to provide the worker with the same quality in its SAS service as the industry has come to expect from the products that Salisbury by Honeywell has provided since 1855.Slide25
Electrical Safety
Who Could Use SAS?
Institutional
GovernmentManufacturingHospitals
WarehousingMarineMilitaryAll Non Residential Facilities With Electrical Power RequirementsSlide26
Electrical Safety
Getting Started With Your SAS Assessment!!Slide27
Electrical Safety
What Is Electrical Safety PPE?
The Term “Electrical Safety PPE” Includes All Products Available To The Worker To Ensure a Safe Work EnvironmentSlide28
Who Needs Electrical Safety PPE?
OSHA/NFPA 70E states:
“For energized circuits over 50 volts or more, safety tools and personal protective equipment must be used.”
Electrical SafetySlide29
Hazard Risk 2
Electrical Safety
Maximum Exposure 8 cal/cm²
Minimal Protection Level 8 cal/cm
²Slide30
Hazard Risk 3
Electrical Safety
Maximum exposure 25 cal/cm
²
Required Protection Level 25 cal/cm²Slide31
Hazard Risk 4
Maximum Exposure 40 cal/cm
²
Required Protection Level 40 cal/cm²
Electrical SafetySlide32
NFPA 70E:
Does Not Recognize a Hazard Above 40 cal/cm
²Suits With Higher Values Are Available But Are Not Recognized by NFPA 70E
May Be Needed When Using Software Method
Electrical SafetySlide33
Make the Right Choice
Uniforms
HRC 1 & 2 Solution
CoverallsAdditional LayerDo Not Use Over 11 cal/cm2 3 Piece System
Bib Overalls / Jacket / HoodHigher Risk CategoriesLab CoatsUnsafeAdditional Leg Protection Needed / LeggingsElectrical SafetySlide34
Face Shields
Must Meet ASTM F2178-02
Must Meet ANSI Z87.1
Meet Same Criteria for ATPV Rating Given to Garments Based on ASTM F1958
Electrical SafetySlide35
Face Shields
Electrical Safety
Proper Storage Will Prolong Life of Face Shield
Clean With Mild Soap and Warm WaterDO NOT USECleaners with Abrasives
Dish Soap with ScentsPetroleum Based CleanersSlide36
Insulating Gloves
OSHA 1910.333(a)(1)
Rubber Insulating Gloves are among the most important articles of personal protective equipment for electrical workers. They are the first line of defense for contact with any energized components or lines
.
Electrical SafetySlide37
ASTM Labeling Chart
Electrical SafetySlide38
Types of Rubber
Two Types of Rubber
Type IFlexibleCorona CuttingUV
Type IILess FlexibleOnly Available in CL00 and CL0Very Durable
Electrical SafetySlide39
Glove Inspection
Working around sharp object, in close proximity to energized parts
Gloves must be inspected prior to each useThere are two ways to inspect glovesManual Portable glove inflator
Electrical SafetySlide40
Gloves Reject Criteria
Rejection of Gloves
CutsPuncturesOzone checking
Corona CuttingEmbedded foreign materialsOil markingsGloves that leak air.
Electrical SafetySlide41
Gloves Testing
The interval between electrical retest for issued Rubber Gloves shall not exceed six months
Gloves that have been electrically tested but not issued shall not be placed into service unless they have been electrically tested within previous twelve months
Electrical SafetySlide42
Gloves Storage
Rubber gloves should be stored in glove bags
Do not store more than one pair of gloves in each bagDo not store on or in front of truck heaters.
Do not roll , fold or tape
Electrical SafetySlide43
Glove Liner
Glove liners made from stretch fabric accommodate a range of hand sizes, absorb perspiration and improve wearer comfort and dexterity.
Electrical SafetySlide44
Typical Products Containing Petroleum Products
Washing detergentsSafe Alternative - Salisbury’s
Salco Cleaner.Hand soaps- Use Salisbury’s Rub-Out hand cleaner.Baby powder-Use Salisbury’s 10-4 Glove Dust.
Electrical SafetySlide45
Application
Sizing of Rubber Gloves
To determine the proper size, measure the distance around the palm of the hand between the thumb and forefinger
Electrical SafetySlide46
Leather Protector Gloves
Leather Protector Gloves should always be worn over electrical insulating gloves to provide needed mechanical protection against abrasion or cuts. Leather protectors should never be used as work gloves and work gloves should never be used as protectors.
Electrical SafetySlide47
Arc Flash & Gloves
NFPA 70E Requires that Voltage Rated Gloves and Protectors Must Be Worn in the Presence Of Voltage But Does Not Discuss Arc Ratings for Gloves.
NFPA 70E Does Say That Leather Gloves Offer Good Arc Flash Protection
Electrical SafetySlide48
Insulated Tools
NFPA 70E 130.7(D)(1)-
Employees Shall Use Insulated Tools and/or Handling Equipment When Working Inside the Limited Approach Boundary of Exposed Live Parts Where Tools or Handling Equipment Might Make Accidental Contact…..
Both NFPA 70E and OSHA Require Insulated Tools When Working On or Near 50V or More While Energized
Electrical SafetySlide49
Insulated Tools
ASTM F1505
OSHA 1910.333(c)(2)Tested to 10,000VMax Use 1000V
Must Have Two Color Coating if Coated ToolMust Show Symbol For Use in Live Voltage Situation
Electrical SafetySlide50
Blankets
Blankets, as all other insulating products (except rubber gloves, used with leather protectors) are designed to provide protection against accidental contact with energized parts
Salisbury Insulating Blankets, compliant with ASTM D1048 specification, are flexible and feature a reinforced beaded edge and eyelets for added strength and tear-resistance
Salisbury insulating blankets are available in Type I – natural rubber and Type II SALCOR ® rubber
Electrical SafetySlide51
Roll Blankets
Salisbury is offering insulating blanket material on a roll. Salisbury’s insulating Roll Blankets, made from a high-strength fabric-reinforced TYPE II rubber or PVC clear blankets, allow workers to custom cut the blanket to fit each job assignment. The product is available in three classes: Class 00 (500v), Class 0 (1,000v) and Class 1 (7,500v). PVC is class 1 only
Electrical SafetySlide52
Insulated Rescue Hooks
Electrical Safety
An invaluable tool for any workplace, Salisbury’s rescue hook is used to withdraw an injured worker from a hazardous area. Confined spaces, vaults and the vicinities of electrical cabinets and switch gear are some of the places where the Salisbury Insulated Rescue Hook is a must.Slide53
Newest Electrical Safety Products
Premium Light Weight 40 Calorie Arc Flash Suit
Universal Weight Balancing Shield
Non Spark/Non Magnetic Insulate Tools
Electrical SafetySlide54
Thank You!!
For More Information, Please Visit Us At:
SalisburyByHoneywell.com
Electrical Safety