IBL Geography - PowerPoint Presentation

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IBL GeographyIndonesia ~SumatraSlide2

Migration Natural Disasters

Earthquakes & Tsunami’s in Sumatra, occurs almost every year. This is a push factor because people/animals lose their homes & sometimes their life's.

Floods occur often during the rainy season between December to March. Due to poor infrastructure, people lose their homes & businesses. Landslides destroy roads & buildings. For these reasons, these are natural disasters push factor for the people living in Indonesia.

Indonesia has the most volcanoes of all countries in the world. At least one eruption every year, and it causes considerable damage to the economies by hurting small & medium enterprises that are involved in tourism, culinary, commercial accommodation, agriculture, plantation, and land livestock.Slide3

ConflictPush Factors

In 2012 Jambi province, the regent office of Batanghari issued a license for PT Int. Citra Agent to established a palm oil plantation in a concession area of 7,800 hectors which spreads through villages. People of those villages fear that this will have a catastrophic impact on the food and water supply in that area effecting the ability to farm. Fields would be damaged & lost.

Land tenure : past reforms in 1998 increases in land tenure conflicts throughout Sumatra between local communities & plantation companies. Conflicts often trigger forest & land fires set by farmers because of their frustrations being unable to be heard. For these reasons this is a push factor.Slide4

CultureReligion80% of Sumatran’s, are thought to be

M

uslim.

Muslims believe in Islam & the one almighty God, that is Allah. They follow the teachings of Qurn, which is the holly book of Islam.

To be a Muslim man means you cant drink, you must respect your parents, because Allah teaches that parents are the key to get into the mercy of Allah.If you do not follow the rules, the man might go into Hell’s fire.They pray.Woman must cover themselves by using a hijab or burqa because in this way they are protected from “men’s desires.”The survival of the Sumatra elephant is important to the people of Sumatra. They believe as their souls progresses they may be reincarnated as an animal. They see the elephant as a serene creature, abundance of fertility and richness, boldness and strength, wisdom and loyalty.Slide5

FamilyStructure

Family life is very important and is common for extended families to live together. This is becoming less common in the city.

All children are taught to have a

h

igh responsibility toward their elders & are expected to follow advice as well as to look after their parents when they are old.Children, at young age will start helping out at the home. In rural areas they work at the farm when their not at school & in the cities they get jobs such as selling clothes at the market.Slide6

SocialThe pace of life in Indonesia is slower than in most countries. People there use the term “jam karet” which means “time stretches like rubber.”

They do not make detailed plans at specific times like we do, they take things as they come. This is why their meals are so simple (rice & sauces) so that they can cope with the sudden arrival of a few people or more.Slide7

Indonesia >>> United StatsPull Factors

Clean environment – makes for clean living and increased life expectancy is 76.5 years even though most people live longer. Therefore people live a longer happier and productive life.

Business & industry – unlimited opportunities for development exists for manufacturing.

In the United States all people have access to a public school system which is funded through the taxation system. This is a pull factor for the people of Indonesia because they have no access to education unless they are rich so children work at an early age instead of going to school

Multiculturalism – encourages immigrants to retain their unique culture and freedom of religion & expression.The cost of living in the United States is lower than many European countries. Democracy – considered the best political system in the world.Slide8

BarriersPhysical Barriers

In order to migrate to the United States to get permanent residency & work permit (green card) you need one of the following in order to start the process:

A family member who is a citizen or green card holder.

An employer willing to invest money & time with paper work to get you a green card.

An article in top academic journal, Olympic level sport achievements, or “star” status show business.$500,000.000 in wealth invested into the United States.It is a very complicated, expensive, and long process to immigrate to the United States. Today because of all the advancements in air travel, trains, and large ships there are really no physical barriers that greatly impact on the ability of people to be able to migrate from one country

to another.Slide9

Living ConditionsPush Factors

Many people do not have jobs and cant afford to send their children to school. So many migrate to other countries where they feel their children will have an opportunity for a better education.

Since families are usually large their houses tend to small and crowded

The houses of wealthy people have separate rooms but most bathrooms have squat toilets and an open tank used for bathing & flushing. Poor people do not have such facilities & are forced to use public areas like riversides. In the US houses are built with modern bathroom and flush toilets which is more sanitary

Very few homes have running & drinkable water. They cannot afford clean water & basic healthcare because most people cannot find jobs & live below the poverty line. This is another push factor as people will migrate to countries where everyone has access to fresh drinking water that will not make them sickSlide10

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