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Integrating coevolution into the tree of life Integrating coevolution into the tree of life

Integrating coevolution into the tree of life - PowerPoint Presentation

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Integrating coevolution into the tree of life - PPT Presentation

Scott L Nuismer 0       What is coevolution Thus I can understand how a flower and a bee might slowly become either simultaneously or one after the other modified and adapted to each other in the most perfect manner by the continued preservation of all the individuals which present ID: 490299

interactions coevolution evolutionary traits coevolution interactions traits evolutionary integrating interval speciation history phylogeny mediate phenotype species expected suited depend

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Slide1

Integrating coevolution into the tree of life

Scott L. Nuismer

0

 

 

 Slide2

What is coevolution?

"

Thus I can understand how a flower and a bee might slowly become, either simultaneously or one after the other, modified and adapted to each other in the most perfect manner, by the continued preservation of all the individuals which presented slight deviations of structure mutually

favourable

to each other."

— Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species

Coevolution:

Reciprocal evolutionary change in interacting species

(Janzen, 1980)

Species 1

Species 2Slide3

The importance of coevolution

Much of what we know about coevolution comes from mathematical modelsSlide4

A key assumption of coevolutionary theorySlide5

A key assumption of comparative methodsSlide6

The current state of affairs

Coevolutionary theory ignores phylogeny

Phylogenetic comparative methods ignore coevolutionSlide7

This raises two important questions

Our goal is to use a mathematical model to answer these questions

Do coevolution and phylogeny interact to shape contemporary trait values?

Question 1:

Question 2:

Can we predict contemporary rates of interaction?Slide8

Merging coevolution and evolutionary history

Species 1

Species 2

+Slide9

First time interval(no coevolution)

Second time interval(2-way coevolution)

Third time interval(3-way coevolution

)A general modeling approach

Our approach will be agnostic with respect to the process of speciationSlide10

How do traits mediate interactions?

Model 1: Phenotype Differences

B

est suited for interactions that depend on interference competition

 

 

 

 

How do traits mediate interactionsSlide11

How do traits mediate interactions?

Model 2: Phenotype Matching

B

est suited for interactions that depend on exploitation of shared resources

]

 

 

 

 

How do traits mediate interactionsSlide12

Predicting trait coevolution

Random encounters among individuals

Gaussian trait distributions

Classical quantitative genetics

Individual fitness

 

 Slide13

Coevolutionary dynamics on a star phylogeny

How do traits evolve?

How do traits mediate interactions

Phenotype differences

Phenotype matching

 

 Slide14

Integrating evolutionary

history:

Phenotype differences

Best suited for interactions that depend on interference competition

 

 

 

 

How do traits mediate interactionsSlide15

Integrating evolutionary history

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Before speciation

After speciation

First interval:Slide16

0

 

 

Second interval:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Before speciation

After speciation

 

 

 

 

 

Integrating evolutionary historySlide17

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This result can be easily generalized for any phylogeny

Integrating evolutionary history

 

Third interval:

 

 

 Slide18

Coevolution and phylogeny do not interactSlide19

Phylogeny explains phenotypic similaritySlide20

Coevolution explains expected trait valuesSlide21

Expected outcome?Expected asymmetry?

How do traits evolve?

How do traits mediate interactions

 

 

Contemporary interactions can be predictedSlide22

Integrating evolutionary

history:

Phenotype matching

Best suited for interactions that depend on exploitation of shared resources

]

 

 

 

 

How do traits mediate interactionsSlide23

Integrating evolutionary history

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Before speciation

After speciation

First interval:Slide24

0

 

 

Second interval:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Before speciation

After speciation

 

 

 

 

 

Integrating evolutionary historySlide25

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unfortunately, this result cannot easily be generalized

Integrating evolutionary history

Third interval:

 

 

 

 

 

 Slide26

Coevolution and phylogeny interactSlide27

Phylogeny creates a template of phenotypic similaritySlide28

And coevolution modifies this template Slide29

Expected intensity of competition(with coevolution)

Expected

intensity of

competition

(without coevolution)

If we also have information about the historical strength of coevolution

Contemporary interactions can be predictedSlide30

Conclusion 1: Coevolution leaves a signatureSlide31

Conclusion 2: Interactions can be predicted

We can predict asymmetries

How do traits evolve?

We can predict intensitySlide32

Acknowledgements

Funding

National Science Foundation

Luke Harmon