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Meiosis The formation of gametes    (sex cells) Meiosis The formation of gametes    (sex cells)

Meiosis The formation of gametes (sex cells) - PowerPoint Presentation

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Uploaded On 2019-11-22

Meiosis The formation of gametes (sex cells) - PPT Presentation

Meiosis The formation of gametes sex cells Some Vocab Haploid n one set of chromosomes Reproductive cells are haploid 23 Chromosomes in humans Eggs Sperm Diploid 2n ID: 766837

cells meiosis daughter chromosomes meiosis cells chromosomes daughter haploid cell crossing results metaphase number mitosis line prophase similar anaphase

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Meiosis The formation of gametes (sex cells)

Some Vocab Haploid ( n ): one set of chromosomesReproductive cells are haploid (23 Chromosomes in humans)EggsSpermDiploid (2n): two sets of chromosomesYou are diploid ( 46 chromosomes in humans)1 set from mom 1 set from dad 2n n (23) (23)

Some Vocab Homologous Chromosomes: two chromosomes with the same gene sequence as another, one from each parent.

What is Meiosis? Meiosis is a process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half.

What is Meiosis? Meiosis involves two divisions Meiosis I Meiosis II

Meiosis I Interphase I – DNA replicates Prophase I – Crossing over occurs Metaphase I – Chromosomes line upAnaphase I – Chromosomes are pulled apartTelophase I/Cytokinesis – Nuclear membranes forms. The cell separates into two cells.

What is Crossing Over? Crossing over is when two   homologous chromosomes  pair up and exchange segments of their genetic material.Crossing over results in genetic recombination.Crossing over is what makes every egg and sperm cell unique. Crossing over is why you are not exactly like your siblings.

Crossing Over

Crossing Over

Crossing Over

Meiosis I

Meiosis I

Meiosis I

Meiosis I

Meiosis I

Meiosis II Very similar to mitosis FINAL PRODUCT = 4 genetically different HAPLOID DAUGHTER CELLS

Meiosis I results in two haploid (N) daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original. Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II The chromosomes line up in a similar way to the metaphase stage of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell. Meiosis II results in four haploid (N) daughter cells. Meiosis II

Meiosis I results in two haploid (N) daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original. Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II The chromosomes line up in a similar way to the metaphase stage of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell. Meiosis II results in four haploid (N) daughter cells. Meiosis II

Meiosis I results in two haploid (N) daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original. Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II The chromosomes line up in a similar way to the metaphase stage of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell. Meiosis II results in four haploid (N) daughter cells. Meiosis II

Meiosis I results in two haploid (N) daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the original. Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II The chromosomes line up in a similar way to the metaphase stage of mitosis. The sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite ends of the cell. Meiosis II results in four haploid (N) daughter cells. Meiosis II

Gamete Formation Males In male animals, the haploid gametes produced in meiosis are called sperm. Females In female animals, one cell receives most of the cytoplasm and will become an egg cell. The other three cells produced are known as polar bodies and do not participate in reproduction.

Gamete Formation Males Spermatogenesis Females Oogenesis

Meiosis Mitosis Purpose What kind of cells are produced? # of divisions required # of cells needed to begin # of daughter cells produced # of chromosomes in daughter cells (n/2n) # of chromosomes in daughter cells in humans Are the daughter cells identical to the parent cell? Does crossing over occur? To produce gametes (sex / gametic cells) Production of body cells (somatic cells) 2 1 4 2 Half the number of the parent cell (n) The same number as the parent cell (2n) No No Yes Yes 1 1 23 46