Research Interview Interview Inter view from French Entrevue an exchange of views between two people in a conversation about a topic that concerns them both The interdependence of human interaction and knowledge production is the main theme in the qualitative r ID: 550674
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Slide1
Qualitativ Research InterviewSlide2
Interview
Inter
view
–
(from
French
“
Entrevue
”)
an exchange of views between two people in a conversation about a topic that concerns them both.
The
interdependence of human interaction and knowledge production is the main theme in the qualitative research interview .Slide3
Interview
Journalistic
interview are means for documenting
and
reporting
important events in the community
Therapeutic
conversations aim to improve people's life situation
The
research interview aims to produce knowledge
Sometimes
difficult to distinguish theseSlide4
The interview as
a crafts -
learned through practice
The
interview
as
knowledge production
relational
c
onversations
,
contextual , linguistic , narrative and pragmatic
The
interview as a social practice
The Interview
SocietySlide5
The research interview
Survey
Interview
Qualitative
research
interviews
Seeking
to understand the world as seen from the
respondents
Produce
social knowledge - through interaction between interviewer and
respondent
The
quality of the produced data depends on the interviewer's skills and knowledge on the
topic
Research
interview involves a cultivation of conversation skills, skills that most people possess by virtue of our ability to ask questionsSlide6
Aspects of
the
qualitative
research
interview
Life world
: the issue is the
interviewee’s
life world
Meaning:
The purpose is to record and interpret the
meaning
Qualitative:
O
btain qualitative knowledge
through common
language.
Not
quantify.
Descriptive
: collect open and nuanced descriptions of her worldSlide7
Specified: specific situations and events is obtained, not general
opinions.
Conscious naivety:
the interviewer openness to new and unexpected
phenomena
Focused
: The interviewer focuses on specific themes, neither tightly structured with standardized questions or no
control.
Ambiguity
: look for ambiguitySlide8
Change: interview process may provide new insights and awareness, she can change their descriptions and interpretations during the
interview
Sensitivity:
different interviewers may elicit different statements depending on their sensitivity and knowledge on the
topic.
Interpersonal
situation: knowledge obtained is produced through
interaction
Positive
experience: a successful interview may provide a new insight into their own situationSlide9
Characteristics of
interview
based
knowledge
Knowledge is
produced
Knowledge
is
relational
Knowledge
is
dialogue based
Knowledge
is
contextual
Knowledge
is
linguistic
Knowledge
is
narrative
Knowledge
is pragmaticSlide10
Craft
Knowledge
production
Social
practiseSlide11
Research interview
Interview as unskilled
labor
Interview
as a
craft
Interview
that contingent of professional
expertise
Interview
as artSlide12
7 phases of
an
interview
study
Tematization
Formulate
the purpose of the survey. Clarify why and what questions before you ask how (
ie
select
method)
Planning
Plan
your study and take into account all seven
stages.
Interview
Perform
the interview on the basis of an interview
guide
TranscriptionSlide13
Analyzing
Determining
the method of
analysis
Verification
Examine
the findings
generelizanility
,
reliability and
validity
Reporting
Communicated
in a form that takes into account the ethical aspects and readable productSlide14
Interview questions
Introductory question
Can
you tell me ... What happened when
...
Follow-up question
Interested
listening and
monitoring
Probing questions
Can
you say more about this? More detailed
examples
S
pecified questions
What
were your
thoughts at that point?Slide15
Direct questions
The interviewer introduce topics and
dimentions
Indirect questions
How
do you think the other students perceived
the
Structure questions
The
interviewer takes responsibility for the direction of the
interview
Silence
Getting
time to associate and
reflect
I
nterpretative questions
Do you
mean
that
... Can
the expression
.. Surface?Slide16
The art of probingSlide17
The choice of method is based on knowledge about the topic of the survey, the methodological choices, their ethical implications and options' expected consequences to interview the project as a wholeSlide18
Interview types
Computer Supported
interviews
Focus
Group
Interviews
Factual interviews
Concept Interviews
Narrative interviews
Discursive interviews
Confrontational
interviewsSlide19
Observation and fieldwork
Observation of people in situ, finding them where they are, staying with them in some role which, whilew acceptable for them, will allow both intimate observation of certain parts of their behaviour, and reporting it in ways useful to social science but not harmful to those bobserved (Hughes 2005)Slide20
Fieldwork
Fieldwork
is a form
of
inquiry
which
one
is
immersed
personally
in
the
ongoing
social
activities
of
some
individual
or
group
for
the
purposes
of
research
.
Fieldwork
is
charecterized
by personal
involvement
to
achieve
some
level
of
understanding
that
will
be
shared
with
others
(
Wolcott
2005)Slide21
Observation
vs
Participatory
O
bservation
Observation
is
when
you
are
watching
other
people
from
the
outside
.
For
example
,
you
may
attend
an
annual
meeting
of
a
company
and
watch
the
meeting
as an observer.
However
,
you
will
take
no
part
in
the
activities
of
the
annual
meeting
–
you
are
essentially
a
spectactor
.
There
is a
little
,
if
any
,
interaction
between
you
and
the
people
you
are
studying
.Slide22
Participant
observation
is
when
you
not
only
observe
people
doing
things
,
but
participate
to
some
extent
in
these
activities
as
well
.
The
main
idea
is
that
you
are
talking
with
people
and
interacting
with
them
in an
attempt
to
gain
an
understanding
of
their
belifs
and
activities
from
the
inside
.
The
idea
is
that
by
immersing
themselves
in
the
society
and
culture
, a
better
understanding
will
be
gained
-
they
will
start to
see
things
from
the
people’s
point
of
view
. Slide23
The
idea
is
that
by
immersing
themselves
in
the
society
and
culture
, a
better
understanding
will
be
gained
-
they
will
start to
see
things
from
the
people’s
point
of
view
. Slide24
Observasjon er når du ser på andre mennesker fra utsiden. For eksempel kan du delta på et årsmøte i et selskap og se på møtet som observatør . Men vil du ta del overhodet i aktivitetene til årsmøtet - du er egentlig en spectactor . Det er en liten, om noen , samspillet mellom deg og de du studerer.Slide25
Fieldwork concepts (Spradley (1980)
Space: the physical space or place
Actor: the people involved
Activities: a set of related acts that people do
Object: the physical things that are present
Act: single actions that people do
Event: a set of related activities that people carry out
Time: the sequencing that takes place over time
Goal: the things people are trying to accomplish
Feeling: the emotions felt
and expressed