Saponification 1106 Background

Saponification 1106 Background - PPT

Made form . Lipids. , same material that makes up the human cell wall. . Aquas. environment isolated by cell wall of lipids, containing more liquid material.. Background. Oldest . reactions that man preformed. ID: 737886

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Saponification 1106 Background

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Saponification
1106
Background
Made form
Lipids
, same material that makes up the human cell wall
Aquas
environment isolated by cell wall of lipids, containing more liquid material.
Background
Oldest
reactions that man preformed
Where meat was roasted the fat mixed with ash and soap was made
Someone realized that the ash near this location cleaned better than just ash
History has it staring in Rome at sap hill, but real history unknown
But it is called
saponification
Background
French were the first to commercially make soap in the first AD
Common name for Basic solution is LYE, often called
soda ash
Made from
wood ash
(wood when burnt is basic and is mild NaOH) and animal fat
Fat can be from plant or animal
Types of Fat
Type of fat will effect the character of the soap
Animal fat
makes hard durable soap
Vegetable fat
makes soft soap
Olive oil is the exception
Castile soap is the finest soap from Europe and is made with olive oil and is really hard, but has a pH of 7
Tri glycerides
Tri glycerides
is a chain of 3 glycerides
Chains of 12 -24 Carbons not necessarily the same
Saponification
The
saponification reaction
is the breaking of the 3 chains form the triglycerides at the ester groups by attach of the NaOH
Structure
Works by isolating the water in micelles since it has a non-polar and a polar end
The
head
(polar end) interacts with the
water
(polar part) and the
tail
works by interacting with
organic non-polar
material
Types of micelles
In polar solutions
In non-polar solutions
0
Experiment
Make soap
Then using a procedure known as
salting out
to push the soap to
fall out
Filtered and placed in a petri dish to take home
The filtered solution will be titrated to determine the
number of moles of NaOH
that was consumed in the reaction
1
Experiment
Titration is with
HCl
in burrette and
NaOH
in the flask
Then determine how many moles there was in the flask
Subtract that form the number of moles that you started with (liters of NaOH * 6M NaOH used )
Leaves moles reacted in reaction
2
Calculations
There are 3 moles needed of NaOH per mole of triglyceride
And finally the moles of FAT in the 5.0 g sample
Molecular weight of fat
Mass of fat / moles of fat