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A Study into the Factors Effecting Bee Mortality A Study into the Factors Effecting Bee Mortality

A Study into the Factors Effecting Bee Mortality - PowerPoint Presentation

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A Study into the Factors Effecting Bee Mortality - PPT Presentation

By Rosie Flett Overview of presentation Introduction Colony Collapse Disorder CCD Diseases and Parasites Industrial Agriculture Climate Change Discussion Introduction Bees help pollinate 75 of all crops and 33 of food crops Tirado et al 2013 ID: 786539

january 2017 accessed online 2017 january online accessed http 2013 bee 2010 science article bees www journal tirado colony

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Slide1

A Study into the Factors Effecting Bee Mortality

By Rosie Flett

Slide2

Overview of presentation

Introduction

Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD)

Diseases and Parasites

Industrial Agriculture

Climate Change

Discussion

Slide3

Introduction

Bees help pollinate 75% of all crops and 33% of food crops (Tirado et al., 2013)

Bee population decrease of 59% from 1985 to 2005 (Potts et al., 2010)

Commercial crop production is becoming increasingly dependent on managed pollinators, the majority being

honeybees (Potts et al., 2010)

Aims -Understand the main factors causing bee population decline -Understand how human activity has contributed to this decline -Understand how we can support bee populations

Slide4

Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD)

CCD is diagnosed when the hive is lacking adult worker bees (

vanEngelsdorp

et al., 2009)

3 main suspects; diseases and parasites, industrial agriculture and climate change (Tirado et al,. 2013

).

Slide5

Diseases and Parasites

Varroa mite - main cause for the colony losses in Europe. Varroa mites have spread almost worldwide.

(

Rosenkranz

, 2010)

Nosema, parasitic fungal pathogen living in the digestive system of the bees. (Fera, 2017)Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) is common in honey bee populations and strongly effects adult worker bees (de Miranda et al., 2010).

Varroa

mite on a bee

Slide6

Industrial Agriculture

Globally increasing pesticide

levels

(

Köhler

and Triebskorn, 2013)Neonicotioids are systemic insecticides proven to effect bee populations(Tirado et al., 2013) Neonicotinoids observed effects on

bees (Tirado et al., 2013): -Impairment of navigating ability-Impairment of learning-Increased mortality,-Dysfunctional development

Slide7

Climate Change

Climate change affects

temperature and bees have

been observed moving upwards to colder temperatures (

Ploquin

et al., 2013), Decreasing the amount of ideal bee habitat, adding even more strain to colonies (Goulson et al., 2015).

Slide8

Conclusion

Bees are a crucial part of our ecosystem. (Tirado et al., 2013),

CCD has unknown causes and is occurring at uncontrollable rates (Williams et al., 2010).

Many suggest that CCD is a combination of many factors (Chen et al., 2014).

Modern agriculture can indirectly effect and weaken bees, allowing infections and parasites to kill (

Goulson et al., 2015)

Slide9

Thank you for watching. Any questions?

Slide10

References

Allsopp, M.H., de Lange, W.J., and

Veldtman

, R. 2008. Valuing Insect Pollination Services with Cost of Replacement.

PLOS ONE.

[Online]. 3(9). [Accessed 21 January 2017]. Available from: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0003128 Barroso, J.M. 2013. COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) No 485. Official Journal of the European Union. [Online].

139(12). [Accessed 22 January 2017]. Available from: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2013:139:0012:0026:EN:PDF Fera Science Ltd. 2017. Pesticide Usage Survey Stats. [Online]. [Accessed 22 January 2017]. Available from:

https://secure.fera.defra.gov.uk/pusstats/index.cfm Fera Science Ltd. 2017. Bee Base, Nosema. [Online]. [Accessed 22 January 2017]. Available from: http://www.nationalbeeunit.com/index.cfm?pageid=191 Goulson

, D., Nicholls, E., Botias, C., Rotheray, E.L. 2013. Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, pesticides, and lack of flowers. Science. [Online]. 347(6229). [Accessed 23 January 2017]. Available from: http://0-science.sciencemag.org.wam.leeds.ac.uk/content/347/6229/1255957.full

Goulson

, D. and Sparrow, K.R. 2009. Evidence for competition between honeybees and bumblebees; effects on bumblebee worker size.

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Guzman-

Novoa

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Slide11

References

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, O., and Kunin, W.E. 2010. Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts and drivers. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. [Online]. 25(6), pp. 345–353. [Accessed 7 January 2017]. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534710000364

Rosenkranz, P., Aumeier, P., and Ziegelmann, B. 2010. Biology and control of Varroa destructor. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. [Online]. 103

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