D Montoya Vocabulary abash abate abject abyss acute In Class Freewrite What is wisdom Plato Socrates Aristotle Socrates Socrates was born in the mid 400s BC T aught philosophy and taught Plato ID: 458948
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Allegory of the Cave" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Allegory of the Cave
D. MontoyaSlide2
Vocabulary
abash
abate
abject
abyss
acuteSlide3
In Class Freewrite
What is wisdom?Slide4
Plato Socrates AristotleSlide5
Socrates
Socrates was born in the mid 400's B.C
T
aught philosophy and taught Plato
. Before 400 B.C.
B
egan questioning Athenian values, laws, customs, and religion.
B
rought to trial and found guilty of treason to the gods. He was sentenced to death.
His teachings were written down by his student, Plato.
He was the first to make a clear distinction between the body and soul, placing a higher value on the soul. Slide6
Plato
O
ne of the most
famous Greek philosopher
s, was born in Athens.
In 403 B.C., democracy was restored to Athens. Plato then tried to get involved in politics, but was repelled again when his friend and teacher Socrates was sentenced to death in 399 B.C.
Plato left Athens after Socrates was killed. He returned in 387 B.C., and
founded a school of philosophy called the Academy
.
It was considered the first university by many people.Slide7
Aristotle
When he was 18,
he attended the Academy
, where he was a student for 20 years.
K
nown as "the intelligence of the school" and "reader".
Alexander the Great studied under Aristotle until his father, King Philip, was assassinated and he became king of Macedonia.
Aristotle returned to Athens in 334 B.C.
and founded the Lyceum, a school of philosophy
.
He and his followers were called "peripatetic", which means "walking around". Aristotle taught while he was walking. After Alexander the Great died in 323 B.C.
Aristotle was charged with impiety, which was a lack of reverence for the gods, by the Athenian people.. Slide8
Plato’s Beliefs
Plato wanted to achieve
aretê
, or excellence
. He saw two threats within the polis.
Democracy: Empowered ignorant people
Sophist’s false teachings- that nothing is permanent, values are relative, and knowledge is impossible.Slide9
In the hands of philosophers
To change society, ideas should be placed in the hands of Philosophers.
The
Republic
describes Plato’s ideal state
(a small elite should rule, trained in philosophy, devoting their lives to the citizens’ happiness, living without property or families. Slide10
How can we measure the goodness of life?
You must know what good, just, and beautiful are, before setting out to live a good, just and beautiful life.
“Justice,” is a timeless, eternal thing.
We cannot see the true forms of justice, goodness, and beauty because they exist in another invisible realm, but they are more real than anything in our experience.Slide11
Good
Reality is unchanging and knowable only through the mind.
E.g.: How can we say that a particular bottle of California chardonnay “is a
good
wine” and that Bob Dylan “is a
good
songwriter,” unless both-wine and songwriting-share an invisible and eternal quality of goodness?
E.g.: No one ever saw a square root to two, but it exists and will always exist, independent of the sensual world. Slide12
Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave”
Plato’s
“Allegory of the Cave”
appears in Book VII of his most famous and influential philosophical dialogue,
The Republic
. Slide13
An Allegory
An allegorical writing is the type of writing having two levels of meanings: literary and allegorical meanings.
A literary meaning is the content or the subject matter and allegorical meaning is the symbolic or metaphorical suggestion.
In
allegorical writing characters, actions and setting are used as symbols
and they should be interpreted to make the allegorical meaning. Slide14
Make a list of features of the story that are allegorical.
Produce
a table showing the features and their meaning. Slide15
Discussion Questions
Would you want to be released from the cave? Why or why not?
What is like the cave in our world?
How is the way you understand the world, your ideas and beliefs, shaped by the actions of others?
Who has the power to shape your ideas and beliefs? In what ways is this good and in what ways is it not so good?
Are there things you know to be true? What are they, and how do you know them?
What is Plato trying to tell us in the allegory?Slide16
HW: Due Monday/Tuesday