/
Chapter 15a Chapter 15a

Chapter 15a - PowerPoint Presentation

debby-jeon
debby-jeon . @debby-jeon
Follow
395 views
Uploaded On 2016-06-29

Chapter 15a - PPT Presentation

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure About this Chapter The blood vessels Blood pressure Resistance in the arterioles Distribution of blood to the tissues Exchange at the capillaries The lymphatic system ID: 382137

blood pressure figure arteries pressure blood arteries figure elastic ventricular ventricle valve recoil system relaxation arterioles semilunar cardiovascular arterial

Share:

Link:

Embed:

Download Presentation from below link

Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Chapter 15a" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.


Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Chapter 15a

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood PressureSlide2

About this Chapter

The blood vessels

Blood pressure

Resistance in the arterioles

Distribution of blood to the tissues

Exchange at the capillaries

The lymphatic system

Regulation of blood pressure

Cardiovascular diseaseSlide3

Figure 15-1

Functional Model of the Cardiovascular System

Elastic arteries

Aorta

Aortic valve

Left heart

Right heart

Lungs

Left ventricle

Right ventricle

Left atrium

Right atrium

Pulmonary veins

Pulmonary artery

Pulmonary valve

Tricuspid valve

Capillaries

Mitral valve

Venae cavae

Venules

Arteriole with

variable radius

Exchange of

material with

cells

Expandable veinsSlide4

Blood Vessel Structure

Figure 15-2Slide5

Blood Vessel Structure & Function

PLAY

Interactive Physiology® Animation:

Cardiovascular System: Anatomy Review: Blood Vessel Structure & FunctionSlide6

Metarterioles Regulate Flow into Capillary Beds

Capillaries lack smooth muscle and elastic tissue reinforcement,

which facilitates exchange

Figure 15-3

Collateral

arteries

Arteriole wall is smooth muscle.

Metarterioles can act as

bypass channels.

Vein

Venule

Capillaries

Arteriovenous

bypass

Precapillary

sphincters

Small

venuleSlide7

Angiogenesis

New blood vessel development

Necessary for normal development

Wound healing and uterine lining growth

Controlled by cytokines

Stimulate (mitogens): VEGF and FGFInhibit: angiostatin and endostatinCoronary heart disease

Collateral circulationSlide8

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4a

1

2

3

1

Ventricle contracts.

Aorta and arteries expand and

store pressure in elastic walls.

Semilunar valve opens.

(a) Ventricular contraction

Arterioles

2

3Slide9

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4a, step 1

1

1

Ventricle contracts.

(a) Ventricular contraction

ArteriolesSlide10

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4a, steps 1–2

1

2

1

Ventricle contracts.

Semilunar valve opens.

(a) Ventricular contraction

Arterioles

2Slide11

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4a, steps 1–3

1

2

3

1

Ventricle contracts.

Aorta and arteries expand and

store pressure in elastic walls.

Semilunar valve opens.

(a) Ventricular contraction

Arterioles

2

3Slide12

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4b

1

2

3

1

Isovolumic ventricular

relaxation

Elastic recoil of arteries sends

blood forward into rest of

circulatory system.

Semilunar valve shuts, preventing

flow back into ventricle.

(b) Ventricular relaxation occurs.

2

3Slide13

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4b, step 1

1

1

Isovolumic ventricular

relaxation

(b) Ventricular relaxation occurs.Slide14

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4a, steps 1–2

1

2

1

Isovolumic ventricular

relaxation

Semilunar valve shuts, preventing

flow back into ventricle.

(b) Ventricular relaxation occurs.

2Slide15

Elastic Recoil in Arteries

Figure 15-4a, steps 1–3

1

2

3

1

Isovolumic ventricular

relaxation

Elastic recoil of arteries sends

blood forward into rest of

circulatory system.

Semilunar valve shuts, preventing

flow back into ventricle.

(b) Ventricular relaxation occurs.

2

3Slide16

Review of Blood Flow

Table 15-1Slide17

Pressure Throughout the Systemic Circulation

Blood pressure is highest in the arteries and decreases continuously as it flows through the circulatory system

Figure 15-5Slide18

Blood Pressure

Pulse Pressure = systolic P – diastolic P

Valves ensure one-way flow in veins

MAP = diastolic P + 1/3(systolic P – diastolic P)

PLAY

Interactive Physiology® Animation:

Cardiovascular System: Measuring Blood PressureSlide19

Cuff pressure

> 120 mm Hg

Stethoscope

Cuff pressure

between 80 and

120 mm Hg

Cuff pressure

< 80 mm Hg

Inflatable

cuff

Pressure

gauge

(a)

(b)

(c)

Measurement of Arterial Blood Pressure

Figure 15-7Slide20

Blood Pressure

Mean arterial pressure is a function of cardiac output and resistance in the arterioles

Figure 15-8

Elastic arteries

Arterioles

Left ventricle

Mean arterial pressure

Cardiac output

Variable resistance

Mean arterial pressure

cardiac output

resistanceSlide21

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure control includes rapid responses from the cardiovascular system and slower responses by the kidneys Slide22

Blood

volume

Blood

pressure

leads to

triggers

Compensation

by

cardiovascular

system

Vasodilation

Cardiac output

Excretion of fluid in urine

blood volume

Blood

pressure

to normal

Compensation

by kidneys

Stimulus

Integrating center

Tissue response

Systemic response

Slow response

Fast response

KEY

Blood Pressure

Figure 15-9Slide23

Factors that Influence Mean Arterial Pressure

Figure 15-10Slide24

Factors that Influence Mean Arterial Pressure

PLAY

Interactive Physiology®

Animation: Cardiovascular System: Factors That Affect Blood Pressure