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O. Absil & C.  Eiroa O. Absil & C.  Eiroa

O. Absil & C. Eiroa - PowerPoint Presentation

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O. Absil & C. Eiroa - PPT Presentation

with inputs from A Roberge D Defrère C Beichman W Danchi J C Augereau etc P3 panel exozodiacal disks We all live in a debris disk Asteroid collisions ID: 810732

100 zodi exozodi small zodi 100 small exozodi 1000 sample distribution planetary solar solution exozodis kuiper earth systems coronagraphs

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Slide1

O. Absil & C. Eiroawith inputs fromA. Roberge, D. Defrère, C. Beichman, W. Danchi, J.-C. Augereau, etc.

P3 panel: exozodiacal

disks

Slide2

We all live in a debris disk!Asteroid collisionsComet outgassingDust is luminous (much more than the Earth)Dust is expected in any planetary systemDust in planetary systems

Kuiper

belt: 40 K, 50 AU

Zodiacal disk: 300 K, 1 AU

Slide3

ObservationsDust not uniformly distributedSimulations

Earth at 1 AU

Stark &

Kuchner

2008

Slide4

10-100 zodi tolerable for closest targetsAsymmetries need thorough investigationThe exozodi issue: visible imaging

2m

4m

6m

8m

12m

Slide5

Shot noise: 100 zodi tolerable in averagePreserves 75% of mission outcomeAsymmetries: ~10 zodi tolerableThe exozodi issue: IR interferometry

Slide6

If Solar system is the rule, “Earth explorer” could just skip unsuitable systemsCan afford to loose some timeEZs interesting on their ownWhat if EZ mode is around 10 zodi? 100 zodi?Is the distribution log-normal at all? Bimodal?But ... do we really care?

100

zodi

?

10

zodi

?

< 1

zodi

?

Bad systems

100

10

1

0.1

0.01

1000

Slide7

What we know: exo-Kuiper beltsDetected since 1984IRAS, ISO, SpitzerSensitivity ~ 100 × solarHerschelDown to 1 × solarActual distribution will soon be known for the cold partsWhat about warm parts?

100

×

solar

Bryden et al. 2006

Slide8

What we want to know: exozodisMid-infrared most suitedPhotometrySpitzer: IRS, MIPSImaging10-m telescopes, (JWST)InterferometryKeck Nuller, VLTI/MIDINear-infrared can helpInterferometryCHARA/FLUOR, VLTI/VINCI

Slide9

Exozodis: where we standIRS, MIPS1000 zodi at 3-σLarge sample~2% of systemsKeck Interferometer Nuller300 zodi at 3-σSmall sample (on-going)K-band interferometry 1000 zodi at 3-

σ

Small

sample

(on-

going

)~20% of MS stars with large amount of

hot

dust??

EZs

from solar

zodi??

100

10

1

0.1

0.01

KIN

300

zodi

1000

Slide10

Solution #1Use models to connect Kuiper belts with exozodisProblem: planetary system architecture matters!Solution #2Survey exozodis to build histogramWhat

should

be

the goal sensitivity

?Probably around 30 zodi (

3-

σ

)

Solution #3

Characterise

exozodis

around

all identified targets(need to wait for SIM or RV

detections, and to reach 10 zodi)

What

needs

to

be

done

?

Slide11

What does it take?LBTIExpect ~30 zodi at 3-σSurvey starting > 201260 targets:

sufficient

?

Other

possible

nullers

ALADDINBalloonFKSI/Pegase

Other

instruments

Small

coronagraphs

:

need

to be

investigated

Slide12

Invest in modellingProbability distribution (log-normal? bimodal? other?)How deep is enough? 30 zodi? Asymmetries: better predictions needed!Invest in LBTICould greatly reduce the exozodi problem if it lives up to the expectationsSupport development of other exozodi findersALADDIN, balloon, FKSI (share the same payload)Small coronagraphs?Conclusions / recommendations

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