Year amp Sem IV amp VII Department EEE Regulation 2017 Course Code GE8074 Unit 1 Human Rights Version MAMCETVP11 MAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY ID: 815228
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Faculty Name : Dr. B. AnnetteYear & Sem. : IV & VIIDepartment : EEERegulation : 2017Course Code : GE8074 Unit : 1
Human Rights
Version: MAMCET_VP-1.1
M.A.M. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYSiruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.
06-08-2020
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Slide2ObjectivesHuman Rights Right to EducationNational Education Policy 2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.
06-08-2020
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Slide3Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Positive Rights)Economic, social and cultural rights are those human rights relating to the workplace, social security, family life, participation in cultural life, and access to housing, food, water, health care and education.Economic, social, and cultural rights are the freedoms, privileges, and entitlements that individuals and communities require to live a life of dignity. Include the rights to food, water, housing, health, standard of living, education, cultural identity, and more.06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.3
Slide4Economic, Social and Cultural RightsEducation RightThe right of access to education – the right of every child to education on the basis of equality of opportunity and without discrimination on any grounds. To achieve this goal, education must be available for, accessible to and inclusive of all children.The right to quality education – the right of every child to a quality education that enables him for employment and develop life skills. To achieve this goal, education needs to be child-centred, relevant and embrace a broad curriculum, and be appropriately resourced and monitored.• The right to respect within the learning environment – the right of every child to respect for her or his inherent dignity and to have her or his universal human rights respected within the education system.06-08-2020
Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.4
Slide506-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.5It is a right: Education is not a privilege or subject to political or charitable whims. It is a human right. It places mandatory demands on duty-bearers (particularly the state, but also parents, children, and other actors.)It is universal: Everyone has the right to education without discrimination. This includes children, adolescents, youths, adults, and older people
It is high priority: Education is a key priority of the state. Obligations to ensure the right to education cannot be dismissedIt is a key right
: Education is instrumental in ensuring all other human rights. It has economic, social, cultural, civil, and political dimensions
Education as a human right has the following characteristics
Slide6Challenges to education as a right due to Covid19?06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.6
Slide7UN Secretary-General warns of education catastropheUNESCO data shows that nearly 1.6 billion learners in more than 190 countries, 94% of the world’s student population, were affected by the closure of educational institutions at the peak of the crisis, a figure that stands at 1 billion today. As many as 100 countries have yet to announce a date for schools to reopen.The Policy Brief points to UNESCO’s projections whereby 24 million learners from pre-primary to tertiary education risk not finding their way back to their studies in 2020 following the COVID-19-induced closures. The largest share of learners at risk, 5.9 million, live in South and West Asia. Another 5.3 million students at risk are in sub-Saharan Africa. Both regions faced severe educational challenges even before the pandemic, which is likely to worsen their situation considerably.According to UNESCO, tertiary education is likely to experience the highest dropout rate and a projected 3.5% decline in enrolment, resulting in 7.9 million fewer students. Pre-primary education is the second worst affected level with a projected 2.8% decline in enrolment, i.e. 5 million fewer children attending. According to these projections, 0.27% of primary and 1.48% of secondary education students, corresponding to 5.2 million girls and 5.7 million boys at both levels, risk dropping out of school.
UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay. “The Brief calls to protect investment in education at all levels, and warns that according to UNESCO estimates, the pandemic will increase the gap in funding needed to reach the internationally agreed 2030 Sustainable Development Goal on Education (SDG4) in low and lower-middle income countries by one third, from the already staggering shortfall of USD 148 billion.”
School closures do not only undermine education. They also hamper the provision of essential services to children and communities, including access to a balanced diet and parents’ ability to go to work. They also increase risks of violence against women and girls.
06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.7
Slide8UN Secretary-General warns of education catastropheThe Brief makes recommendations in four areas to mitigate the effects of the pandemic:Suppress transmission of the virus and plan thoroughly for school reopening: this covers health and safety measures, attention to the needs of marginalized children and joint planning and consultation with teachers, parents and communities The UN has issued guidance to help governments in this complex endeavor.Protect education financing and coordinate for impact: despite public spending constraints, national authorities must protect education budgets and include education in COVID stimulus packages. The international community must protect official development assistance for education. Relieving, postponing and restructuring debt for low and lower-middle income countries is part of the solution to help countries invest in education.Strengthen the resilience of education systems for equitable and sustainable development: Building back resilience requires a priority focus on equity and inclusion, with measures to address the needs of the most marginalized and vulnerable learners and to ensure that economic strains and gender norms do not prevent girls from returning to school. Risk management capacities need to be reinforced at all levels.Reimagine education and accelerate positive change in teaching and learning:. Solutions must address learning losses, preventing dropouts, particularly of the most marginalized, and ensuring the social and emotional welfare of students, teachers and staff. Other priorities include better
support to the teaching profession, removing barriers to connectivity, investing in digital technologies and flexible learning pathways.
06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,
M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.8
Slide9National Education Policy (NEP), 2020National Education Policy (NEP), 2020 with an aim to introduce several changes in the Indian education system - from the school to college level.Ministry of Human Resource Development to be renamed the Ministry of Education.Public spending by Center and States for education to be raised to 6% of GDPThe NEP cleared by the Cabinet is only the third major revamp of the framework of education in India since independence. The two earlier education policies were brought in 1968 and 1986.06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,
M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.9
Slide1006-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.10
Slide11School EducationUniversalization of education from preschool to secondary level with 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030.To bring 2 crore out of school children back into the mainstream through an open schooling system.The current 10+2 system to be replaced by a new 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively.It will bring the uncovered age group of 3-6 years under school curriculum, which has been recognized globally as the crucial stage for development of mental faculties of a child.
It will also have 12 years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ pre schooling.Class 10 and 12 board examinations to be made easier, to test core competencies rather than memorized facts, with all students allowed to take the exam twice.
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Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.11
Slide1206-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.12
Slide13School EducationSchool governance is set to change, with a new accreditation framework and an independent authority to regulate both public and private schools.Emphasis on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy, no rigid separation between academic streams, extracurricular, vocational streams in schools.Vocational Education to start from Class 6 with Internships.Teaching up to at least Grade 5 to be in mother tongue/regional language. No language will be imposed on any student.Assessment reforms with 360 degree Holistic Progress Card, tracking Student Progress for achieving Learning OutcomesA new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (NCFTE) 2021, will be formulated by the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) in consultation with
National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT).By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4-year integrated B.Ed. degree.
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Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.13
Slide14Higher EducationGross Enrolment Ratio in higher education to be raised to 50% by 2035. Also, 3.5 crore seats to be added in higher education.The current Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education is 26.3%.Holistic Undergraduate education with a flexible curriculum can be of 3 or 4 years with multiple exit options and appropriate certification within this period.M.Phil courses will be discontinued and all the courses at undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD level will now be interdisciplinary.Academic Bank of Credits to be established to facilitate Transfer of Credits.Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at par with IITs, IIMs, to be set up as models of best multidisciplinary education of global standards in the country.
06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,
M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.
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Slide15Higher EducationThe National Research Foundation will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) will be set up as a single umbrella body for the entire higher education, excluding medical and legal education. Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation and academic standards. Also, HECI will be having four independent verticals namely,National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) for regulation,General Education Council (GEC) for standard setting,Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) for funding,National Accreditation Council (NAC) for
accreditation.Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years and a stage-wise mechanism to be established for granting graded autonomy to colleges.Over a period of time, every college is expected to develop into either an autonomous degree-granting College, or a constituent college of a university.
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Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.15
Slide1606-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.16
Slide17Other changesAn autonomous body, the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration.National Assessment Centre- 'PARAKH' has been created to assess the students.It also paves the way for foreign universities to set up campuses in India.It emphasizes setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund, Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.National Institute for Pali, Persian and Prakrit, Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation to be set up.It also aims to increase the public investment in the Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.
06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,
M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.
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Slide18Challenges to education as a right due to Covid19?06-08-2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA, M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.18
Slide19SummaryHuman Rights Education rightNational Education Policy 2020Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.
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Slide20Referenceshttps://scroll.in/article/967553/as-classes-go-online-how-can-the-right-to-education-be-guaranteed-for-students-without-net-accesshttps://www.mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English.pdf (National Education Policy 2020)https://www.indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/2086/1/200935.pdf (Right to Education Act 2009)https://en.unesco.org/news/secretary-general-warns-education-catastrophe-pointing-unesco-estimate-24-million-learners-riskKapoor
S.K., “Human Rights under International law and Indian Laws”, Central Law Agency, Allahabad, 2014
Dr. B. Annette, Professor, Department of MBA,M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.
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Slide21Dr. B. Muruganantham., Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,M.A.M. College of Engineering and Technology, Siruganur, Tiruchirappalli – 621 105.06-08-202021
Thank you