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12th world congress on Industrial Health, Healthcare and Medical Tourism

PROFESSIONAL NURSES’ VIEWS REGARDING THE CARE OF HIV AND AIDS PATIENTS IN HOSPITALS IN VHEMBE DISTRICT, LIMPOPO PROVINCE.

BY

Ma

n

ganye Bumani Solomon

Lecturer : Department of Public Health

University of Venda

DATE : 16 October 2017 Time :

14H25 Venue:

Dubai, UAE.

INTRODUCTION South Africa has the highest number of people living with HIV and AIDS2013 only South Africa was having 6.3 million people living with HIV and AIDS Estimated number in 2015 was 7 millionWith 380 new infections and 48% of adults on ate-retroviral treatment (ART)200 000 death recorded from HIV and AIDS related

infections

Although the Limpopo Province is not among the provinces with the highest HIV and AIDS prevalence (8.8%),

This

figure could have a devastating effect on health services

INTRODUCTION CONT..Doctors and nurses were said to be sympathetic towards PLWHAUse of nice tone when communicating with patients(Okoror et al, 2014)The study comes at the time when HIV and AIDS is increasing rapidly in AfricaWith South Africa being one of the countries with a high incidence of the disease and highest number of people on ART

People who are infected need to be cared for by nurses in hospital until their condition is

satisfactory

The way health care professional’s views patient with HIV and AIDS

Problem statementThroughout the history of HIV and AIDS epidemic, studies have shown that PLWHA have been discriminated against in communities and by health-care services. These studies suggested that there was reluctance among health professionals to provide care to PLWHAThe causes of these are often alluded to lack of knowledge and understanding of the HIV and AIDS conditionThey also found that there was a high level of stress experienced by those caring for PLWHA.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDYThe purpose of this study was to explore and describe the views of professional nurses towards caring for HIV and AIDS patients in Vhembe District Hospitals.

Objective OF THE STUDYThe objective of this study was:To determine the views of professional nurses towards caring for HIV and AIDS patients in Hospitals in Vhembe District.

RESEARCH DESIGNQualitativeExploratory andDescriptive

population and samplingPopulation included all professional nursesReceived specialized training on HIV and AIDS either in HCT, PMTCT, NIMART , Couple Counseling and adherence counsellingNurses located three rural hospitals in Limpopo province: one regional and two district hospitals

A

ll three hospital there is an anti-retroviral site managed by NGO, where stable patients are seen and managed

POPULATION AND SAMPLING Purposive sampling was used to select the wards and professional nurses who participated in the present study. A sample of 48 participants was used and it was determined by data saturation. Three (3) participants were key informants and forty five (45) participants participated in a focus group interviews. Data from key informants was collected through unstructured interview semi-structured interviews were used for focus group interview.

Average

time spent for interviews is about 1 hour 30 minutes.

Appointments

were secured through the Deputy Nursing Managers

SAMPLING TECHNEQUESSAMPLING TECHNIQUESNUMBER OF WARDSTYPES OF WARDSREASON FOR SELECTIONPurposive sampling

09

Medical

Female and Male medical ward(6)

Maternity(3)

Confirmed

HIV positive patients are admitted

Pregnant women who are HIV positive coming to deliver

DATA ANALYSISCollected data were transcribed verbatim from tape recordingsTranslated in to English and analysedProfessional translator was used for the translationA combination of data analysis guidelines from Maier et al , Tesch

eight steps of qualitative data analysis were used

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONHigher degree of the University of VendaEthics committee for ethical clearanceProvincial Dept. of health- research committee for approvalCEOs of the hospitals and Operational managers of the unitsAnonymity was maintained, no names mentioned, confidentiality

D

ata collected stored in a safe place

THEMES AND CATEGORIES CONTTHEMECATEGORIESRESPONSES FROM FGD,KEY INFOMANTS AND SEMISTRUCTUREDJudgmentalattitude towards

HIV-positive

patients

Judgmental remarks

and behavior

- Making nasty comments/remarks

- They should rather be discharged or die

- They should be separated from other patients

-Blaming them for getting HIV

- patients regarded as problematic and uncooperative

- Motivating for discharge of patient prematurely/deliberate

THEMES AND CATEGORIES DEVELOPEDTHEMECATEGORIESRESPONSES FROM FGD,KEY INFOMANTS AND SEMISTRUCTUREDCaring for HIV positive patients in a positive way- Caring for HIV- positive patients as one’s children

-Treat patients like other patients (No discrimination)

-Care like caring for own children

-Treat as relatives and friends

-Bathing

of positive patients

-Nurse HIV positive patients with good care

-Treat HIV positive like any general medical condition

-Give ART and education to patients

-Provide counselling to patients

-Treat patient systematically

THEMES AND CATEGORIES CONTTHEMECATEGORIESRESPONSES FROM FGD,KEY INFOMANTS AND SEMISTRUCTUREDKnowledge about HIV and AIDS and respect for human dignity

- Knowledge about HIV and AIDS increasing among staff members

Understand the condition well

Know the mode of spread of HIV and AIDS

Courses being attended about HIV and AIDS

Respect patients and treat them

with dignity

THEMES AND CATEGORIES CONTTHEMECATEGORIESRESPONSES FROM FGD,KEY INFOMANTS AND SEMISTRUCTUREDGiving health education, support and counselling to patients

-Professional nurses and other staff members accepting HIV and AIDS patients

-

Giving health education

-They are providing counselling to patients and families

-Improved HIV statistics(Decreasing new infection)

-Few patients missed( HCT done)

-Reprimanding juniors to have positive attitudes towards HIV positive patients

STUDY LIMITATIONSStudy included only the professional nurses who had specialized training on HIV and AIDS.Only conducted in 3 hospitals in one DistrictViews of other professional nurses and other categories they were reporting were not tapped.Those on leave, night duty were not able to participate in FGDSContinuous rescheduling of meetings of data collection processT

his situation compelled the researcher to conduct one FGD per hospital and only on Wednesday

CONCLUSIONStudy highlighted the views of professional nurses who had specialized training on HIV and AIDS regarding manifestation of stigma and discrimination in the 3 rural hospitalsAlthough both negative and positive attitudes towards HIV-positive patients were found The majority seemed to have positive attitudes. Positive perceptions of HIV and AIDS were due knowledge of HIV and AIDS Training of all health-care workers on HIV and AIDS related courses was found to be the key intervention

RECOMENDATIONSTraining of all categories of nurse in HIV and AIDS related coursesRegular in-service education provided to ensure that prof nurse’s knowledge remain at the highest possible levelPolicies implemented in ward situation and awareness by management among staff about new practicesSupport system to be developed for nurses- so that they can share their experiences and challenges in the care of PLWHA

Mentoring of all nurses who did HIV related courses

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSUniversity of Venda research and innovation for fundingConference Organizing committee for a chance to present Professional nurses who participated in the study from the three hospitalsProfessor RT Lebese for her continued support Dean of the school of health sciences : Prof LB Khoza

THE END: THANK YOU FOR LISTENINGInkomu- Hiku Tirhisana, Hinga Endla Ku Hambana(Working Together , We can do more)= RSA Government motto

T

hank you

O

brigado

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