Thoth was the god of writing and knowledge. He had the head of and ibis, holding a writing - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Thoth was the god of writing and knowledge. He had the head of and ibis, holding a writing pallet. Thoth was one of the earlier Egyptian gods. He was very popular throughout Egypt. As the power of his cult grew, the myth was rewritten for Thoth the creator god not the god of knowledge and writing. Thoth when in the form of an Ibis bird (his sacred animal) laid an egg which created the sun god Ra.

Thoth’s writing tablet

Ibis bird, head of Thoth

Picture of Thoth

Thoth’s amulet

In Ancient Egypt

Geb

(or

Keb

,

Kebb

or

Seb) was the god of the earth. His grandfather was Atum (a creator god), his father was Shu (the god of air), and his mother was Tefnut (the god of moisture). Osiris Isis Nepthys and Set were his children. His wife was Nun (the god of the sky).

Geb was the third divine pharaoh reigning after his father Shu and before Osiris. He also supported Horus to the throne after the death of Osiris. The Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was the living image of Horus. The pharaoh was sometimes “Heir of

Geb

”. When When Seth and Horus fought for the throne,

Geb

made Horus ruler of the living Egyptians.

The Ancient Egyptians believed that earthquakes were

Geb’s

laughter.

He was also called

Rpt

the hereditary, tribal chief of the gods and the earth itself was called “the living house of

Geb

”. He supplied the minerals and precious stones found in the earth, as a god of mines and caves. The sign used in his name became associated with the vegetation and the soft farming land near the Nile.

Anubis is the god of mummification and the afterlife.

He is also called Inpu.

He has the head of a jackal and the body of a human. (Tap space)

Jackals are in the wolf family and live in Africa, Asia, Europe. (Tap space)

Anubis’ job was to weigh the heart during the mummification process.

If the heart weighed more than a feather, and the scale tipped down, then that person would go to the underworld.

If the heart was lighter than a feather, then that person would go to heaven.

Anubis was the child of Set (Seth) and Nebet Hut.

Anubis married Nephthys.

The “Weighing of the Heart Ceremony”

A Jackal

Anubis

Statue of Anubis

Anubis in Hieroglyphics

Bastet is the goddess of protection and pleasure.

She is also the goddess of cats.

Bastet is also called Bast.

Cats are symbols of her. (Tap space)

She has the head of a cat and the body of a human. (Tap space)

She sometimes is seen with the head of a lioness. This is to protect the king in a battle.

Her father is Ra. Bastet doesn’t

have a mother. Ra, as a creator god. He was called “ The Great He-She”.

Cats were sacred to her. If you were to hurt a cat, you would be a crime against her, and you would be unlucky.

She is one of the most popular gods.

Bastet in Hieroglyphics

Bastet as a Cat

Statue

of

Bastet

Mummified

Cat

Nun’s appearance was a man carrying a bark (boat used by gods)

According to an Ancient Egyptian creation myth, Nun was the waters of chaos

Nun was the only thing that existed on Earth before there was land

Then The first land (which was in the form of a mound) rose out of Nun

Nun was also associated with the chaos that existed at the edges of the universe

NUN’S NAME IN HEIROGLYPHICS BELOW

Ra

is the god of radiance. It is the primary name of the sun god of Ancient Egypt. He was often considered to be the king of the gods, the patron of the pharaoh, and one of the central gods of the Egyptian pantheon

Ra was also described as the creator of everything

Sometimes people say that the pyramids represent the rays of light extending from the sun and these great monuments connected the king with Ra

The Egyptians also built solar temples in honor of Ra

The earliest solar temple is thought to be the one erected in Heliopolis, sometimes known as “

Benu-Pheonix

”

It’s location was thought to be the spot where Ra first emerged at the beginning of creation

Ra Slide 2

Ra is known as an Ancient god, yet not one of the oldest gods

The worship of the Egyptian god Ra was at its peak during the New Kingdom

Many of the tombs in the Valley of the Kings included depiction of Ra’s journey through the underworld over twelve hours or stages

In the fifth hour, Ra dies and is reunited with Osiris in the underworld but in the twelfth hour he is reborn as the scarab (Khepri)

Sun temples were again constructed during the New Kingdom

Ra represents sunlight, warmth and growth

Ra had a human form with a falcon head which is crowned with a sun disc

SOBEK

Sobek was connected with the Nile River and protected the king. Sobek was the god of crocodiles. Live crocodiles were kept in pools at temples to honor Sobek.

He is first mentioned in the Pyramid Texts, and his worships continued until the Roman Period. Some people believe he was the creator of the world. Sobek was a god of the Nile River and brought fertile land. As the Lord of the Waters he was thought to have risen from the waters of Nun to create the world. People also believed that the Nile River was made from his sweat. On creation myth stated that Sobek lied eggs on the bank of the Nile River and created the world. Sobek was thought to be the force of creation but he was also seen as an unpredictable god who made himself connect with the force of chaos.

Sobek Slide Three

In some areas, a tame crocodile was worshipped as the earthly form of Sobek himself, while in other places crocodiles were hunted and killed

It seems likely that Sobek began as a dark god who had to be calmed and tamed, but his protective qualities and his strength were used in defense of the Pharaoh and the people

He could protect the good people that died in the netherworld, restoring their sight and received their senses, because of his ferocity he was considered to be the patron of the army

Sobek Slide Three

Sobek first appeared in the Old Kingdom. He is the son of Neith. Sobek is also called Sebek, Sochet, Soblk, Soknopais, and (in Greek) Suchos. He married Hathor and had Khonsu. Sobek has the head of a crocodile and the body of a human. He is the god of strength and power.

Sobek In Hieroglyphics