COMPOSITE FISH CULTURE 6 - PowerPoint Presentation

1. COMPOSITE FISH CULTURE6th SEMESTERDR. SARBOJIT THAOSENHAFLONG GOVT. COLLEGE

2. IntroductionStocking of Cultivable fishes of different species which differ in feeding habits in the same pond is called composite fish culture.Many species in one pondUtilization of all nichesDeveloped from monocultureSix species combination – goodCulture period 6 – 8 monthsSuitable for all areasEasy to do and assured production

3. 1. Fish species involved in composite fish cultureDepending on the compatibility and type of feeding habits of the fishesThe following types of fishes of Indian as well as Exotic varieties have been identified and recommended for culture in the composite fish culture technology

4. Species feeding habit feeding zone Indian Major CarpCatla catlaZooplankton feederSurface feederL. rohitaOmnivorousColumn feederC. mrigalDetritivorousBottom feederSilver carpPhytoplankton feederSurface feederGrass carpHerbivorousSurface, column and marginal areasCommon carpDetritivorous/ omnivorousBottom feederExotic Carps

5. 2. PotentialThe area under tanks and ponds available for worm fersh water aquaculture in estimated to be 2.41 million ha.In addition 0.1.31 million ha. Of swamps, beels, etc.Lowlaying water logged area not good for agriculture.Inland fish production of 4.7lakh tonnes around 80% is contributed by the culture sector.Average productivity in ponds: 2500kg/ha/year.Only 15% of the potential area of tank and ponds available is developed

6. 3. Technical parameters i. Includes site selection ii. Items of development iii. Pre and post stocking operations iv. Stocking density v. Fertilization vi. Feeding

7. 4. MarginThe margin money may be considered @5, 10 & 15% for smallMedium and large farmer respectively and 25% for companies and partnership firms.

8. 5. Eligible borrowers A. An Individual B. A company C. A partnership firm D. A co-operative society. E. A group of fish farmers.

9. Technical ParametersTechnical parameters that need to be considered for composite Fish Culture are as follows: 1. Selection of PondThe main criteria to be kept in mind is that the soil should be water ertentive, adequate supply of water is assured and that the pond is not in flood prone area.The eligible items of pond development are as :Desilting of existing pondDeepening of shallow water.Excavation of new ponds.Impoundment of marginal areas of water bodies,Constructionof inlets / outlets,Any other item like civil structures, watchmen sheds, pump sets water supply arrangements / electricity supply arrangements etc.

10. 2. Pond ManagementPond management plays a very important role in fish farming before and after the stocking of fish seedVarious measures that are required to be undertaken in pre and post stocking practices are tabulated below a) PrestockingRemoval of weeds by Manual/Mechanical or through Chemical means.Removal of unwanted and predatory fishes , other animals by repeated netting or using mahua oilcake @ 2500 kg/ha, or by sun drying the pond bed.Liming – The soil / tanks which are acidic in nature are less productive than alkaling ponds. a) increaseases pH b) Acts as buffer and avoids fluctuations of pH c) Increases the resistance of soil tom parasites d) Its toxic effect kills the parasites. e) It hastens organic decompiosition.

11. iv.Fertilization ? MannuringFertilization of the pond is an important means for intensifying fish culture by increasing the natural productivity of the pond.The fertilization svhedule has to be prepared after studying the quality of the pond soil.Suitably modified depending on the growth of fish.Available food reserve in the pond ,Physico chemical conditions of the pond and climatic conditions

12. Inorganic Fertiliser Application (kg/ha/month)Soil fertility statusAmmonium sulphateUrea1. Nitrogen (mg/100 g soil)7030i) High9040ii. Medium (26 - 50)14060iii. Low (upto 25)2. Phosphorus (mg/100 gm soil)Single super phosphateTriple super phosphatei) High (7 - 12)4015ii. Medium (4 - 6)5020 iii. Low (upto 3)7030

13. B.) STOCKINGThe pond will be ready after 25 days of application of fertilizers.Fingerlings of 50 – 100 gm size (approx)should be used for stocking @ 5000 nos. per ha.Fingerlings and rearing for 10 – 12 months.Depending on the availability of seed and market conditions,Stocking can be of 3, 4 or 6 species combination in the following ratio:-speciesw3species4species5speciesCatla4.03.01.5Rohu3.03.02.0Mrigal-2.01.5Grass carp--1.5Common carp2.02.0

14. C. POST STOCKINGa.) Supplementary feedingFood is available naturally in the pond.Fishes can be fed with a mixtyre of rice bran and oilcakes in the ratio 4:1The recommended feedingrate is 5 – 6 % body weight upto 500 gm size of fish.Then reduce to 3.5% body weight from 500 – 1000gm size.The feeding is supplementary in nature. Feeding materials a) Mahua oil cake b)Groundnut oil cake

15. b) ManuringOrganic manuring be done in monthly instalments @ 100 kg/ha.Inorganic fertilization maybe done at monthly intervals alternating with organic manuring.The monthly rate of fertilization will depend on pond productivity and the growth of the fishes.c) HarvestingHarvesting is generally done at the end of year, when the fishes attain avg. weight of 800 gm to 1.25 kgProper management a production of 4 to 5 tons/ha can be obtained in a year.Harvesting is done by partial dewatering and repeated netting.Harvesting equipments1. Nets2. TrapsEtc.

16. 3) Vertical expansion of fish cultureStocking of advanced fingerlings / yearlings by stunning the growth of fish seed during first year.Heavy stocking and multiple harvesting after the fishes attain a size of 500 gms.Multiple stocking and multiple harveating , use of aerators,Integrated fish farming with animal husbandary activities like diary, poultry, piggery or duckery to get daily organic manuring to pond thus increasing its fertility.Production of fish to 7 to 10 tonnes / ha/ year.THANK YOU