appearanceofthespidersthemselveshavecontributedto - PDF document

appearanceofthespidersthemselveshavecontributedto impressions. Folkloreare venomous.Thefactsarethat,exceptfortwoverysmallgroups (families),allspidersdopossessvenomglandswhichvoid throughHowever, mostspidersdonotbitehumans,andwithafewexceptions, are arepredators arthropod - �Jial role Mar outweighs the haaard posed by the Mew spiders that Some are areaggressive provocation.from consideredaggressive—the spiderofAustralia, fromarerare, fromsevere. reaction from almostnonetoafulldose,dependingonthesiteofthebite, are reactiondifferent victim’sdifferences reaction. Figure 1. Brown recluse spider. Richard Entomologist Wright Professor Inbrownrecluse widow,areconsidereddangerousHowever, garden numerousarefrequently mistakenforvenomousspiders.Thesespiders semicircleforepart semicircle (Figuretowards thebulbousabdomen),andthecharacteristicallylonglegs. EPP-7301 Oklahoma are http://osufacts.okstate.edu Spiders: Brown Recluse, Black Widow, and Other Common Spiders Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service 7301-3 7301-2 Figure 3. Black widow spider. Figure 4. Tarantula. immatureresemble color. Life Cycle and Habits Theareoff-white sheltered,areaswhereare approximatelyone-quarterone-thirdinchdiameter. summer,emergefrom morefrom However,beforeleavingtheeggcasethespiderlingsmoltonce relatively slow and is generally inÅuenJed by weather Jonditions and However, temperatures,brownreclusereach are water. li]e Mrom one to two years but some ha]e reaJhed Mour to �]e years. +uring her liMe one to �]e egg saJs are produJed. Habitat The searchday,rests bathrooms, - rooms, furniture.are inshoes,behindpictures,instorageboxes,instacksofpaper, baseboards and Åoor MaJings or in Jorners and Jre]iJes. :piders also rocksarefrequently barns,presence aroundresidences infestations. Effects of the Bite Thebrownrecluseaggressive pressureare whentheyputonclothingorshoesinwhichaspideris roll area reactdifferentlyaware three reaction. followedbyintensepain.Withineighthours,asmallpuss- �lled blister usually rises and a large area around the bite redrestless and Me]erish and ha]e diM�Julty in sleeping. ;he loJal pain is frequentlyareasurrounding remainsredhard affected away, arerepairsevere Healing promptresult scar,from half-dollar. immediately, Jaused the bite should be Japtured Mor positi]e identi�Ja - tion. (s yet speJi�J anti]enom is not a]ailable Mor treatment" therefore,bothlocalandsystemicreactionshavebeentreated symptomatiJally. *ortiJosteroids are Jonsidered speJi�J Mor combatinghemolysisandothersystemiccomplications,but administered Black Widow ( Latrodectus mactans ) The(Figure largerbrownreclusecolor. globularinshapeand never hairy. rows. smaller, threestreaks recognizable front recognitionreddishhourglass-shaped spotontheundersideofherglobularabdomen.Thefemale recognize resultproblems. Life Cycle Theaggressive Jon�ned or disturbed. :he is more likely to bite when she is guarding requiremature. from andafemalemayconstruct4to9eggcaseseachsummer; however,largeare becausethepopulationiscurtailedbythecannibalismofthe from Growthrequires malemolts3to6timesandfemales6to8times.Theolder femalesusuallydieinsummerorautumnafterlayingtheir eggs. Habitat Theupward andrarelyleavesherweb.Sheisfrequentlyfoundnearhouses around growing restrooms.are rodentburrows,underground drought widows Effects of the Bite Theconsidered - omousspidernativetoNorthAmerica.Thebiteofthefemale neurotoxic severe prick,butexcruciatingpaincanbeginwithinafewminutes spreadsfrom back,andabdomen.Withinafewhourssymptomssuchas Jhills ]omiting diM�Julty in respiration proMuse perspiration delirium,partialparalysis,violentabdominalcramps,pains, result.severe frequent - from results greatestMoretypically,recovery iscompletein1to5days.Incaseofabitethevictimshould immediately. Other Common Spiders Tarantula The memberofthehairymygalomorphfamilyinthegenus Aphonopelma largearebrown moregrown(Figure arelarger quarter.more and Tarantulasarenocturnal rocks,burrows, shelteredareas.Theymaybeseenalongcountyroadsortrails are around September. search Tarantulasare becomequitetame.Althoughtheycanbehandled,cautionis pierce theskinwiththeircheliceraeorfangs.Theyhavevenom consideredconcern Tarantulasrequire Åat dish into whiJh they Jan lower their mouths. ;arantula foodconsistsoflivecrickets,mealworms,caterpillars,or otherinsects.Theycangoforseveralweekswithoutfood refusebeforeTarantulas through Baldrearare resultTarantulas propelfrom aggressor. foundinthenosepadsofdogsandvariousothermammals confrontedarereported to Jumping Spiders Jumping are relying prey.preybefore attackinafastleap.Jumpingspidersputoutalineofweb - from dragline Jumpingare colored(Figure bandsofblackandwhiteontheirbodiesorlegs.Othershave red large front. Phidippus audax isoneofthemostcommonandcon - spicuousofthejumpingspiders.InOklahoma,itusuallyhas redirregular However, - spider. aroundgardens, sometimes Jumpingareconsidered hazardoustohumansandarenotlikelytobiteunlesscornered or Figure 2. Eye patern and �ddle markings on the brown recluse spider. 7301-3 7301-2 Figure 3. Black widow spider. Figure 4. Tarantula. immatureresemble color. Life Cycle and Habits Theareoff-white sheltered,areaswhereare approximatelyone-quarterone-thirdinchdiameter. summer,emergefrom morefrom However,beforeleavingtheeggcasethespiderlingsmoltonce relatively slow and is generally inÅuenJed by weather Jonditions and However, temperatures,brownreclusereach are water. li]e Mrom one to two years but some ha]e reaJhed Mour to �]e years. +uring her liMe one to �]e egg saJs are produJed. Habitat The searchday,rests bathrooms, - rooms, furniture.are inshoes,behindpictures,instorageboxes,instacksofpaper, baseboards and Åoor MaJings or in Jorners and Jre]iJes. :piders also rocksarefrequently barns,presence aroundresidences infestations. Effects of the Bite Thebrownrecluseaggressive pressureare whentheyputonclothingorshoesinwhichaspideris roll area reactdifferentlyaware three reaction. followedbyintensepain.Withineighthours,asmallpuss- �lled blister usually rises and a large area around the bite redrestless and Me]erish and ha]e diM�Julty in sleeping. ;he loJal pain is frequentlyareasurrounding remainsredhard affected away, arerepairsevere Healing promptresult scar,from half-dollar. immediately, Jaused the bite should be Japtured Mor positi]e identi�Ja - tion. (s yet speJi�J anti]enom is not a]ailable Mor treatment" therefore,bothlocalandsystemicreactionshavebeentreated symptomatiJally. *ortiJosteroids are Jonsidered speJi�J Mor combatinghemolysisandothersystemiccomplications,but administered Black Widow ( Latrodectus mactans ) The(Figure largerbrownreclusecolor. globularinshapeand never hairy. rows. smaller, threestreaks recognizable front recognitionreddishhourglass-shaped spotontheundersideofherglobularabdomen.Thefemale recognize resultproblems. Life Cycle Theaggressive Jon�ned or disturbed. :he is more likely to bite when she is guarding requiremature. from andafemalemayconstruct4to9eggcaseseachsummer; however,largeare becausethepopulationiscurtailedbythecannibalismofthe from Growthrequires malemolts3to6timesandfemales6to8times.Theolder femalesusuallydieinsummerorautumnafterlayingtheir eggs. Habitat Theupward andrarelyleavesherweb.Sheisfrequentlyfoundnearhouses around growing restrooms.are rodentburrows,underground drought widows Effects of the Bite Theconsidered - omousspidernativetoNorthAmerica.Thebiteofthefemale neurotoxic severe prick,butexcruciatingpaincanbeginwithinafewminutes spreadsfrom back,andabdomen.Withinafewhourssymptomssuchas Jhills ]omiting diM�Julty in respiration proMuse perspiration delirium,partialparalysis,violentabdominalcramps,pains, result.severe frequent - from results greatestMoretypically,recovery iscompletein1to5days.Incaseofabitethevictimshould immediately. Other Common Spiders Tarantula The memberofthehairymygalomorphfamilyinthegenus Aphonopelma largearebrown moregrown(Figure arelarger quarter.more and Tarantulasarenocturnal rocks,burrows, shelteredareas.Theymaybeseenalongcountyroadsortrails are around September. search Tarantulasare becomequitetame.Althoughtheycanbehandled,cautionis pierce theskinwiththeircheliceraeorfangs.Theyhavevenom consideredconcern Tarantulasrequire Åat dish into whiJh they Jan lower their mouths. ;arantula foodconsistsoflivecrickets,mealworms,caterpillars,or otherinsects.Theycangoforseveralweekswithoutfood refusebeforeTarantulas through Baldrearare resultTarantulas propelfrom aggressor. foundinthenosepadsofdogsandvariousothermammals confrontedarereported to Jumping Spiders Jumping are relying prey.preybefore attackinafastleap.Jumpingspidersputoutalineofweb - from dragline Jumpingare colored(Figure bandsofblackandwhiteontheirbodiesorlegs.Othershave red large front. Phidippus audax isoneofthemostcommonandcon - spicuousofthejumpingspiders.InOklahoma,itusuallyhas redirregular However, - spider. aroundgardens, sometimes Jumpingareconsidered hazardoustohumansandarenotlikelytobiteunlesscornered or Figure 2. Eye patern and �ddle markings on the brown recluse spider.