Phylum Arthropoda Common name arthropods Ex Insects spiders crabs shrimp centipedes lobsters ticks Week 6 Monday Arthropods Arthropods have Segmented body Head Thorax Abdomen ID: 214545
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Slide1
ArthropodsSlide2
Phylum: Arthropoda
Common name = arthropods
Ex. Insects, spiders, crabs, shrimp, centipedes, lobsters, ticks
Week 6
Monday Slide3
Arthropods
Arthropods
have:Segmented bodyHeadThorax
Abdomen Tough exoskeleton made of chitin
Jointed appendages
Cephalothorax
⇛Slide4
Evolution of Arthropods
Led to
Fewer appendagesFew segmentsHighly specialized appendages AntennaePincersWalking legs
FlippersClaws Slide5
Feeding
Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
Bloodsuckers, filter feeders, detritivores, parasitesMouthparts range from pinchers to fangs to sickle-shaped jaws depending on dietSlide6
Respiration
Terrestrial
Breathe thru a network of branching tracheal tubesAir enters through spiracles = little openings along body
Spiders uses book lungsAquatic Featherlike gills
Horseshoe crabs have book gills Slide7
Circulation
Open circulatory system
Well-developed heartSlide8
Excretion
Terrestrial
Malpighian tubules = saclike organs that extract wastes from the blood and add them to feces (digestive wastes)Aquatic
Diffusion Slide9
Response
Well-developed nervous
systemAll have a BRAINSlide10
Movement
Muscles are attached to
exoskeletonPull of muscles against exoskeleton allows arthropods to moveAll have jointed appendagesSlide11
Reproduction
Terrestrial
Internal fertilizationAquatic Internal or external fertilizationSlide12
Growth and Development
Exoskeletons DO NOT GROW, arthropods must
MOLTMolting = arthropod sheds entire exoskeleton and makes a new larger oneMolting arthropods are vulnerable and hide until they are doneSlide13
Crustaceans
Primarily aquatic
Crabs, shrimps, lobsters, crawfish, barnacles2 pairs of branched antennae2 or 3 body segmentsChewing mouthparts = mandibles
Tuesday Slide14
Associated Vocabulary
Cephalothorax
= fused body segment consisting of head and thoraxAbdomenCarapace = part of exoskeleton that covers the cephalothorax
Mandible = biting, grinding mouthpartChelipeds = clawsSwimmerets
= flipper-like appendages for swimmingSlide15
Chelicerates
2 body segments
Most have 4 pairs of walking legsHorseshoe crabs, spiders, ticks, scorpionsSlide16
From
Prentice Hall Biology
, 2006Slide17
Eyelash mites
Demodex folliculorum
Slide18
Brown RecluseSlide19Slide20Slide21Slide22Slide23Slide24
Black WidowSlide25
Associated Vocabulary
Chelicerae
= mouthparts with fangs for stabbing and paralyzing preyPedipalps =mouthparts for grabbing preyBook lungsBook gillsSpinnerets = organs in spiders that contain silk glands for spinning websSlide26
Uniramians
Contains more species than all other animal groups combined!
Jaws1 pair of antennaeUnbranched appendagesInsects, centipedes, millipedesSlide27
Centipedes and Millipedes
Millipedes
Highly segmented body2 pairs of legs per segmentLive under rocks and decaying logs
Roll up or secrete toxins for defenseCentipedes1 pair of legs per segmentCarnivorous and venomous
Live under rocks or in soil in humid areasSlide28
Insects
3 body segments = head, thorax, abdomen
3 pairs of legs1 pair of antennae1 pair of compound eyes2 pairs of wings
WednesdaySlide29
Insects
are the largest class of animals!Slide30
Response to Stimuli
Compound eyes
with many lenses detect tiny movements and color changesChemical receptors on mouthparts, legs and antennae (taste/smell)Well-developed ears (grasshoppers have ears on their legs!)Slide31
Adaptations for Feeding
3 pairs of appendages used as mouthparts
Mandibles to saw/grind (ex. ant)Tube-like mouthpart to suck nectar (ex. moth)Sponge-like mouthpart to lap up food (e. fly)Digestive enzymes in saliva
Bee saliva changes nectar from flowers into honeySlide32
Movement and Flight
3 pairs of legs
Walking, jumping, capturing/holding preyMany species have spines or hooks on legs
2 pairs of wings made of chitinEvolution of flight allowed insects to disperse long distances and colonize many habitatsSlide33
Metamorphosis
Process of changing shape and form
Complete metamorphosisEgg-larva-pupa-adultLarva looks nothing like adultIncomplete metamorphosis
Egg-nymph-adultNymphs look like adults
Advantage = larva and adults don’t compete for resourcesSlide34
Insects and Humans
Beneficial
HoneyWaxPollination SilkFood
HarmfulDamage woodDamage clothesStings
Crop damageDisease Slide35
Insect Communication
Audio
Crickets VisualFireflies ChemicalBees Pheromones Slide36
Insect Societies
Society
= a group of closely related animals of the same species that work together for the benefit of the whole groupBeesAntsTermites Castes = groups of individuals that perform specific functions