Diesel Engines 1214 General Cold Climate Preparation For cab climate control prolonged idling may be necessary Idle the engine at an RPM adequate to heat coolant above 140 o F 60 o ID: 533312
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Slide1
Cold Climate Operation:Diesel Engines
12/14Slide2
General Cold Climate Preparation
For cab climate control, prolonged idling may be necessary. Idle
the engine at an RPM adequate to heat coolant above 140oF
(60
o
C), around 800-1000 RPM.
In
0
o
F (-18
o
C) ambient
temperature, this is 1200 RPM
.
There are a number of technologies that can reduce idle time,
save fuel
, and deliver comfort while minimizing the impact to the environment, such as:
Auxiliary Power Unit (
APU
): engine or battery powered
Fuel based heaters
Insulate
exposed lines, filters, pumps, and reservoirs.
Check
electrical systems daily and cold weather support systems weekly.
For
more detailed information, reference
QuickServe
Online or contact your local Cummins distributor. Slide3
What Fluids or Components are Affected?Slide4
Detailed Effect of Cold Temperatures
Recommended Action
Key
Necessary Action
NeededSlide5
Coolant
In cold climates, coolant helps warm the engine and components, it is the first line of defense.
A coolant mixture with a higher concentration of ethylene glycol (>60%) will prevent freezing.In temperatures at 30-50o
F(-1 - 10
o
C) or colder, it is beneficial to use starting aids, such as a coolant heater, or intake manifold heaters.
At -10
o
F (-23
o
C) or colder, it is recommended to use a combination of starting aids.
Coolant Heater (immersion*)* Coolant heaters are available as immersion or external typesSlide6
Fuel
It is important to ensure fuel fluidity. Fuel begins to cloud below freezing and will start to wax or gel around 15
oF (-9oC) depending on blend.
Keep tank full and drain fuel filter
daily.
There are a couple ways to prevent fuel from waxing at these temps:
Fuel blends: No. 1 vs. No. 2
Winterized diesel: includes additives that lower the cloud point. Be mindful that lubricity is key for fuel system components durability.
Fuel warmer: first fit or aftermarket fuel filter with integrated heating systemSlide7
Diesel Exhaust Fluid
DEF
freezes at approximately 11°F(-12oC).
The
DEF
tank is
designed to be frozen and thawed.
It is
heated by engine coolant,
while the DEF
lines and dosing unit are electrically heated. Heating and thawing is controlled automatically through a combination of OEM hardware and engine
ECM software logic. Under colder weather and light duty cycle conditions, heating the DEF to optimal operating conditions could take more time.Slide8
Air
Lower ambient temperature impacts ignition and the combustion process might not release all the energy in the fuel.
Under 32oF (
0
o
C),
i
ntake air could be pulled from the engine compartment in vehicles with externally mounted air filter systems.
To sufficiently pre-heat air in temperatures consistently under -25
o
F (-32oC), consider pulling air from a compartment around the exhaust stack.Oppositely, it is imperative your truck can pull outside air in warmer temperatures
This illustrates a common, simple modification to provided heated air to the intakeSlide9
Battery
While battery specifications require the ability to start at 0o
F (-18o
C), amperage may depend on charge levels.
Make sure your battery has good cranking capacity and holds charge before trips.
Battery warmers can help reduce temperature loss and ensure adequate cranking capacity in cold environments.
Battery
WarmerSlide10
OilAs temperature drops, the viscosity of the oil increases. Higher viscosity hampers oil penetration leading to more friction in the system which can lead to increased parasitics and premature wear.
There are specific oils recommended for cold weather operation, depending on temperature:Slide11
OilOil pans can be covered to limit heat loss.
Oil heaters may also be used to lower the viscosity.
Adhere to the oil change interval schedule to maintain clean oil. Check oil levels
more frequently in extreme cold temperatures.
Oil HeaterSlide12
ResourcesGuidelines are published in Owners Manual and Operation and Maintenance manual
Cummins Service Bulletin (SB) 3379009
Operation of Diesel Engines in Cold Climates
12