MASSAGE - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

MASSAGESlide2

Massage is one of the oldest of the Health sciences and has been used for curative purposes since time immemorial. Massage treatment uses "TOUCH" to apply pressure to the body's skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments.

The Idea of Massage is to ease disorders by

;

relieving

tension

promoting blood flow

calming nerves

loosening

muscleSlide3

CLASSIFICATION OF MASSAGE : 

CLASSIFICATION OF

MASSAGE: 4 types

On the basis of character of technique

1.Stroking

2.Pressure

3.Purcussion

4.vibration

On

the basis of depth of tissues

approached

1.Light massage

2.Deep massage Slide4

On the basis of part massaged

1.Local massage

2.General massage

On the basis of means of administration of technique

1.Mannual massage

2.Mechanical massageSlide5

Modes of Therapeutic

Massage

Stroking

Effleurage

Kneading

Friction

Wringing

Picking up

Hacking

Clapping

Shaking &

VibrationSlide6

Stroking

 - Stroking is performed with the whole hand or fingers. It comprises the usage of relaxed hand over the patient's skin with a rhythm and pressure that produce a relaxing effect.Slide7

Effleurage 

- Effleurage is performed by spreading and moving the hands with pressure and speed, to gain relaxation and lymph drainage.Slide8

Effleurage

Stroking of the skin

Performed with palm of hand

Stimulates deep tissues

Performed with fingertips

Stimulates sensory nerves

Superficial, rhythmic stroking:

Contours the body or relates to direction of underlying muscles

Deep stroking:

Follows course of veins & lymph vesselsSlide9

Effleurage

May be performed slowly for relaxation or rapidly to encourage blood flow & stimulate the tissues

Performed in rhythmic manner

One hand should always be in contact w/ skin

Light effleurage is performed at beginning & end of massage or may be used between petrissage strokes

At beginning – relaxes patient & indicates area to be treated

At end – calms down any irritated areasSlide10
Slide11

Petrissage

Lifting & kneading of skin, subcutaneous tissue, & muscles

Performed with fingers or hand

Skin is gently lifted between thumb & fingers or fingers & palm & gently rolled & kneaded in the hand

Often performed without lotion

Frees adhesions by stretching & separating muscle fiber, fascia, & scar tissue while assisting with venous return & milking out waste productsSlide12

Kneading 

- Kneading involves alternate compression and release of the part to be manipulated.Slide13
Slide14

Picking up 

- Picking up involves lifting up of tissue from underlying bone, releasing it after squeezing it.Slide15

Wringing 

-Wringing technique lifts up the tissue and applies a twist to enhance stretching effect.Slide16

Friction

Transverse:

Applied with thumbs or fingertips stroking the tissue from opposite directions

Can use elbow, end of rolling pin, etc. for larger areas

Reaches deep tissues

Begin lightly and then move to firmer strokes

Muscle should be placed in relaxed position

Should be avoided in acute conditions

Effective in tendonitis or other joint adhesionsSlide17

Friction

Goal is to mobilize muscle & separate adhesions that restrict movement & cause pain

Facilitates local blood profusion

Not necessarily a “pleasing” treatment

Circular:

Applied with thumbs working in circular motion

Effective in treating muscle spasm & trigger pts.Slide18

Friction 

- Friction is a small movement applied with thumb or finger where pressure is applied from superficial to depth of the tissue.Slide19

Tapotement

Gentle tapping or pounding of the skin

Most common form uses

ulnar

side of wrist to contact skin “karate chop”

Wrist & fingers are usually limp, alternate method “cups” the hand

Promotes relaxation &

densitization

of irritated nerve endingsSlide20

Hacking 

- Hacking is performed with extended forearm and striking the skin using the side of the hand .Slide21

Clapping 

-Clapping is done by striking the skin with cupped hands.Slide22

Shaking and Vibration 

-Shaking and vibration involves gentle strokes of shakes and vibrations respectively Slide23

Advantages

Relief

of pain

Muscle tightness is relieved

General relaxation

Induce sleep in insomnia (sleepless nights)

Relieves tension

Skin is toned

Drainage of oedema or swelling

Loosens secretion in the LungsSlide24

Where not to Massage?

Large

open wounds

Burns

Skin Ulcers

Gross Oedema (severe swelling)

Extremely Hairy areas

Sensitive skin

Bacterial infections

Skin disease

Malignancies like

cancerSlide25

PHYSOILOGICAL EFFECTS OF MASSAGE:

As

therapeutic modality, massage is used for the relief of pain,

Swelling

muscle sprain,

restricted

movements

,

tension and anxiety associated with a large no. of disorders afflicting muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems

.

It is the magnitude ,duration and the direction of force applied during massage that determines the effect produced on the body.

Massage

affects almost all systems of the bodySlide26

Increased

venous and lymphatic flow

.

Increased arterial blood flow to the muscle and

skin

Decreased stagnation of fluid in tissues spaces

.

Increased removal of waste products of

metabolism

Increased WBC, RBC, and platelet count in blood

.

Increased nutritive exchange between blood and

cells

Increased trophic status of the part massaged Induce sedation Decrease pain Facilitate

contraction in hypotonic

muscles

Modulate autonomic

responsesSlide27

Decreased excitability of motoneuronal pool in neurologically healthy person

Increased removal of secretions from lungs

Increased gaseous exchange across pulmonary capillaries

Increased removal of dead cell from the skin

Increased activity of sweat and sebaceous glands

Lowers psychosomatic arousal such as anxiety and stress

Mobilize soft tissues and breaks soft tissue adhesions

Accelerates various metabolic processes by increasing arterial blood flow and venous lymphatic drainage

Promotes

lypoylsisSlide28

THERAPEUTIC USES:

Massage is one of the oldest form of treatment for human

ills

In

physiotherapy, massage is used for the following purposes

:

To

improve the mobility of soft

tissues

To reduce muscle spasm and pain To reduce

edema

To increase blood

circulation

To mobilize general secretions in the

lungs

For local and general relaxation

massage is indicated in a number of neurological , musculoskeletal and psychosomatic disorders as follows

;

hemiplagia

, paraplegia,

quadriplegia

facial

/ bells

palsySlide29

Muscular weakness, muscular dystrophy,

hemiparesis

Cerebral disorders upper and lower motor neuron lesions

sciatica

Anxiety

insomnia

Hysteria

Different types of headache

obesity,

flatulance

, constipation, inflammation

Muscular injury and sprain Venous congestion

Teno

synovitis

,

tendenitis

,

fibrositis