tative organizations 32 2 482 30 3086 10 5850 358849 6103 408 101491 22 6742 943439 02 950 59181 45 453 910031 76 587 98 8827 11 570 184034 91 657 4930SwedenNorway46 8 556 468 0041 61 48784 00wwwthe ID: 867496
Download Pdf The PPT/PDF document "are the property of Thermo" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
1 are the property of Thermo tative organi
are the property of Thermo tative organizations +32 2 482 30 30+86 10 5850 3588+49 6103 408 1014+91 22 6742 9434+39 02 950 591+81 45 453 9100+31 76 587 98 88+27 11 570 1840+34 91 657 4930Sweden/Norway/+46 8 556 468 00+41 61 48784 00 www.thermo.comAN51258_E 05/07M Part of Thermo Fisher ScientiÞc in petroleum diesels from region to region must bebase gave poor results, as shown in Table 1, due to theimproved these predictions dramatically, as seen in column Actual B%Initial PredictionInoculated Method 18.0015.9517.92 20.0014.3620.01 2.001.212.03Table 1: Data showing effect of training a PLS method with standardscovering petroleum base variability.Transfer of the calibration between spectrometers canto predict the other. A small offset is visible. The ACLSalgorithm removes this offset cleanly. Thus, once acalibration is built on one spectrometer, methods can bedone in FT-NIR applicati
2 ons.the FAME content, in keeping with th
ons.the FAME content, in keeping with the work being outlinedby the ASTM D02 committee. However, FT-IR can be usedConclusionsand simple analysis tool for FAME is Þlled very effectivelyby the Nicolet FT-IR spectrometer family coupled with theunique Smart ARK ATR accessory. Our product offeringWith the addition of the OMNIC and TQ Analystsoftware packages, Thermo ScientiÞcÕs biodiesel analysis Figure 6: Calibration transfer throughACLS. The back PLS shows the Resultsand DiscussionThe infrared spectra of a No. 1 Diesel and FAME (from(C-O vibrations) are clear, and are the basis for the quantprocedure. There is no interference in the 1750 cmquant method as discussed below.length, the sampleÕs absorptivity, and its concentration(Beer-Lambert Law). Accurate quantitative work requiresbeing the only variable for a user. The Smart ARK usespath length in an ATR experiment. The affect of this
3 isseen in Figure 3. The 45¡ZnSe plate s
isseen in Figure 3. The 45¡ZnSe plate shows FAMEhigher. The 60¡ZnSe plate gives a signal of around 0.8 Aufor FAME, well below the 1.2 Au limit. The 45¡plate isanalysis of biodiesels. Essentially, PLS models the variationfor the two plates are shown in Figures 4 and 5. Clearly,gave answers within ±0.07 or better over the low range(45¡plate), and ±0.1 or better over the high range (60¡plate). Figure 2: Spectrum of a #1 Diesel and FAME Figure 3: Spectrum of FAME collected on the 45¡and 60¡ARK plates Figure 4: Calibration result for a 45¡ARK ATR biodiesel blend Figure 5: Calibration result for a 60¡ARK ATR biodiesel blend Key Words¥ Attenuated TotalReßectance (ATR)¥ FAME¥ FT-IR Biodiesel (FAME) Analysis by FT-IRMike Bradley, Ph.D., Thermo Fisher ScientiÞc, Madison, WI, USAIntroductionheavy fuels, which were unreÞned petroleum and vegetable Figure 1: The chemistry of transesteriÞcation