Fiction 1 Plan Resources - PowerPoint Presentation

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Fiction 1Plan Resources

Y6: Autumn Term Fiction: Plan 1: Historical Stories: War Horse

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What do we remember about clauses? Clauses are groups of words with an active verb

; they make sense. I knew the road well.

She

turned

.

Captain Nicholls led me away.

These are all clauses because they have an active verb and they make sense.

They are called single-clause sentences because one clause makes up the entire sentence.

They can stand alone so they are main clauses (also called independent clauses).

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

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Independent clauses can be joined by and,

or, but.

These are called

multi-clause

sentences because the sentence is made up of more than one

clause. The conjunctions

and, or and but are co-ordinating conjunctions

. They join independent clauses with equal importance to the meaning of the sentence.

The pulse of the great bass drum beat out and

there were children everywhere.I heard Zoey calling out to me but

I felt no fear

.

The pulse of the great bass drum beat out

and

there were children everywhere.

I heard Zoey calling out to me

but I felt no fear.

Independent clauses

are also called main clauses.

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

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Subordinating Conjunctions 

Some conjunctions

join extra information to a

main clause

.

Conjunctions can give meaning to the joins, to do with…time

placecause

whenwhilesince

asbeforeafteruntil

wherewhereverbecause

as

since

so

condition

contrast

if

unless

even if

although

thoughwhereaswhile

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

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Subordinating conjunctions join main clauses to

subordinate clauses. I went with him

because

Zoey was out there looking back over her shoulder

.

I had just about given up hope when I saw my Albert running up towards me.

As we approached the flagpole,

an officer pushed through the crowd towards us.

These are still called multi-clause sentences because the sentence is made up of more than one clause. …a subordinate clause

which adds to the meaning of the main clause but cannot stand alone.These sentences are made up of a main clause (which carries the most important information) and…

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

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Can you spot the

main clauses and subordinate clauses? Wherever you are, I’ll find you Joey.

I shall take good care of him until you’re ready to join us.

As we neared the village, I could see that several motor cars were parked up.

There were tears filling his eyes.

I was trotted round the garden before he pronounced me a perfect specimen.

You’re too young and you know it.

ANSWERS

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

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Can you spot the

main clauses and subordinate clauses? Wherever you are

,

I’ll find you Joey

.

I shall take good care of him until you’re ready to join us.

As we neared the village, I could see that several motor cars were parked up.There were tears filling his eyes

.I was trotted round the garden before he pronounced me a perfect specimen

.You’re too young and you know it.

ANSWER

multi-clause

multi-clause

multi-clause

single-clause

multi-clause

multi-clause

What

conjunctions

have been used to join the clauses?

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

What type of sentences are they?

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Can you spot the

main clauses and subordinate clauses? Wherever

you are

,

I’ll find you Joey

.I shall take good care of him until you’re ready to join us

.As we neared the village, I could see that several motor cars were parked up

.There were tears filling his eyes.

I was trotted round the garden before he pronounced me a perfect specimen.

You’re too young and you know it.

ANSWER

multi-clause

multi-clause

multi-clause

single-clause

multi-clause

multi-clause

What

conjunctions

have been used to join the clauses?

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

What type of sentences are they?

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Why might we use multi-clause sentences?

Extending and joining clauses with conjunctions helps us to:

add extra detail to a sentence

build tension by slowing down the action

vary the rhythm of our writing to help it flow

Week 1 Tuesday Grammar 1

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Register Register is created by the way that language and

grammar are used. Hey! What’s up?Good morning. How are you today?I wish to purchase some refreshment.I want to buy a drink.

Register can be

formal

or

informal

.Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3

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ContractionsContractions appear in

informal language.Spoken language often contains contractions

…

but written

formal language

uses the longer versions of the word/s.We might write:It is

not a lot but then we have not got a lot. but we are more likely to

say:

It’s not a lot but then we haven’t

got a lot. What are the

formal

versions of the

contractions

above?

haven’t

mustn't

you’re

we’re

what’s

I’d

Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3

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Tags are questions added to a clause to encourage a listener to respond.

Question TagsTags can be used in

informal

language

.

main clause

Tag

I’ve told you, haven’t I?

The tag changes a

statement

into a

question

.

main clause

Tag

Not often wrong

, am I?

Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3

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Informal language sometimes breaks grammar rules.This is effective when used sparingly

for writing realistic dialogue.Breaking Grammar Rules!

Oi boyo! Where you going? Hang on a bit.

Excuse me. Where are you going to? Wait for a moment.

I’ve told you I’m serious about Joey.

I have told you that

I am serious about Joey.Ellipsis

(omitting words) has not changed the meaning but the grammar is now incorrect. This is common in informal spoken language.

The relative pronoun has been dropped from this

relative clause. It still makes sense to the listener, although is less formal.

Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3

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Authentic Sounding DialogueLooking carefully at vocabulary and grammar

, identify which text from War Horse is narration and which is speech? He’s sold him, hasn’t he?

Narration

Speech

Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3

Now there were endless tedious hours circling the school.

What in thunder do you think you’re about, you lot?

Move it, you idle monkeys, move it!Although surprised, Albert reached and shook his hand.

No need for that. You’ll be alright. Lot of fuss about nothing.

ANSWER

Morpurgo uses

formal

register for

narration

and

informal

for speech.This contrast makes the speech sound authentic.

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Authentic Sounding DialogueCan you think of ways to make this dialogue sound authentic?

Week 2 Tuesday Grammar 3

IDEAS

“Cease behaving in that way,” Albert said. “I have informed you that I feel strongly about Joey.”

“Oh, pack it in,” Albert said. “I told you I’m dead serious about Joey.”

“You are acting in a way that makes you appear irrational,” David said.

“You’re round the twist, you are,” David said.

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Relative Clauses

Relative clauses can give more information about a noun or pronoun.

They usually begin with a

relative pronoun/adverb

.

Will scored.

Relative Pronouns/Adverbs

who, which,

where, whom, whose, that, when

Tell me more about Will.

Will,

who

was imagining that he was playing for England

, scored

.

Will,

who

lived in Suffolk,

scored.Will,

who was football-mad, scored.

Relative pronouns/ adverbs

relate the clause to the

noun

or

pronoun

.

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Relative Clauses

Relative clauses can give more information about a noun or pronoun.

They usually begin with a

relative pronoun/adverb

.

Tell me more about

the

steps.

Billy ran up the steps where the army were recruiting.

Billy ran up the steps which were old and crumbly.

Billy ran up the steps

that

led to the office.

Relative Pronouns/Adverbs

who

,

which

, where, whom,

whose, that, when

Billy ran up the steps.

Relative pronouns/ adverbs

relate the clause to the

noun

or

pronoun

.

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Relative Clauses are a type of Subordinate Clause

They boarded the ship

main clause

which was docked in Southampton

.

subordinate clause

The main clause is the main part of the sentence. It makes

sense by itself.The subordinate clause adds meaning to the main clause; it has less weight.

When the subordinate clause is a relative clause, it often adds meaning to a noun.

relative clause

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Punctuating Relative Clauses

When the relative clause comes after the main clause, we do not usually separate the clauses with a comma.

They waved at farm workers who they saw from the train

.

main clause

A comma would create an

unnecessary break

in the sentence.The

relative clause tells us information needed to make sense of the main clause.We know which workers they waved at.

subordinate clauserelative clause

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Punctuating Embedded Relative Clauses

Sometimes the relative clause is

embedded

in the main clause.

Dogs searched for wounded men.

main clause

Tell me more about

the dogs

.The relative clause needs to be next to the noun:

Dogs.

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Punctuating Embedded Relative Clauses

Sometimes the relative clause is embedded

in the main clause.

Dogs

, who were specially trained for rescue work,

searched for wounded men.

main clause

Tell me more about

the dogs.The main clause

splits to make space...

main clause

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Punctuating Embedded Relative Clauses

Sometimes the relative clause is

embedded

in the main clause.

Tell me more about

the dogs

.The main clause splits to make space...for the

relative clause.

Commas separate the

relative clause from the main clause.

main clause

subordinate clause

relative clause

Dogs,

who were specially trained for rescue work

,

searched for wounded men.

main clause

The

relative clause

is extra (parenthetical) information so we can separate it with commas; the main clause is clear without it.

The special training does not identify the dogs. We would still know who searched for wounded men.

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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In spoken language, we sometime omit the

relative pronoun. This can make the sentence easier to say.It must still make sense.The bang, which

we heard yesterday, was a shell exploding.

The bang we heard yesterday was a shell exploding

.

The horse,

that you rode, belonged to me.The horse you rode belonged to me.The man,

who injured his foot, was sent home.The man injured his foot was sent home.

Which sentences still make sense?







If in doubt, use a

relative pronoun/

adverb

.

Omitting the

Relative Pronoun

Week 2 Friday Grammar 4

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Week 3 Wednesday Composition 7

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Week 3 Wednesday Composition 7