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Status of the  ESSnuSB  neutrino beam and detector project Status of the  ESSnuSB  neutrino beam and detector project

Status of the ESSnuSB neutrino beam and detector project - PowerPoint Presentation

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Status of the ESSnuSB neutrino beam and detector project - PPT Presentation

1 Particle Physics with Neutrino Telescopes Uppsala 7 October 2019 T or d E k e löf Upp s a l a Un i v e rs i t y 20191007 PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof Uppsala University ID: 806299

university uppsala ekelof tord uppsala university tord ekelof 2019 ess beam neutrino ppnt

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Slide1

Status of the

ESSnuSB neutrino beam and detector project

1

Particle Physics with Neutrino TelescopesUppsala 7 October 2019Tord EkelöfUppsala University

2019-10-07

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide2

The Sakharov conditions (necessary but not sufficient)

to explain the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU):1. At least one B-number violating process.2. C- and CP-violation

3. Interactions outside of thermal equilibriumGrand Unified Theories can fulfill the Sakharov conditions. However, in each m

3 of the Universe there are on average ca 109 photons, one proton and no antiproton. The CP violation measured in the quark sector is far too small (by a factor 109) to explain this 109 photon to baryon ratio. Now, neutrino CP-violation, so far not observed, may very well be large enough to permit an explanation of BAU through the leptogenesis mechanism which relates the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe to neutrino properties: decays of heavy Majorana neutrinos generate a lepton asymmetry which

is partly converted

to a baryon asymmetry via sphaleron processes.

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

2

.

Why is there only matter and

no antimatter in Universe?

2019-10-07

Slide3

3

Non-CP terms

CP violating

atmosphericsolarinterferenceThree neutrino mixing2019-10-07PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide4

Neutrino Oscillations with "large"

θ13

4

more sensitivity at 2nd oscillation max.for small θ13 1st oscillation maximum is betterfor "large" θ13

1st oscillation maximum is dominated by atmospheric term

CP interference

CP interferencesolarsolar

atmospheric

atmospheric

θ13=1º

θ13=8.8º

(arXiv:1110.4583)L/EL/E1st oscillation max.: A=0.3sinδ

CP2nd oscillation max.: A=0.75sin

δCP

(see arXiv:1310.5992 and arXiv:0710.0554)

P(

ν

μ

ν

e

)

2

nd

oscillation maximum

θ

13

=8.8º

("large"

θ

13

)

d

CP

=-90

d

CP

=0

d

CP

=+90

L/E

2019-10-07

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide5

ESS

ν

Super Beam

April 2019n

5 MW p

5 MW H

-

Accumulator

Target Station

Near Detector

To Far Detector

located at second

ν oscillation max.

2019-10-07

5

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide6

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

2019-10-076

Required modifications of the ESS accelerator architecture for ESSnuSB

 F. Gerigk and E. Montesinos CERN-ACC-NOTE-2016-0050 8 July 2016

No show stoppers

have been identified for a possible future addition of the capability of a 5 MW H- beam to the 5 MW H+ beam of the ESS

linac

built as presently foreseen. Its additional cost is roughly estimated at 250

MEuros

.” Cf total cost of the ESS 5 MW linac

of ca 1000 MEuros

to accelerate to 2.5 GeV

Slide7

6

General Layout of the 5 MW target station

The proton beam is split up om 4 targets, each receiving a 1.25 MW beam

Split Proton Beam

Neutrino Beam Direction

Collimators

Horns and Targets

Decay Volume

(He, 4x4x25 m

3

)

Beam Dump

8 m concrete

Granular

Ti

target with He gas

cooling for a 1.25 MW beam

Horn excided with

350 kA pulses, each

having a 1.3 flat top

Beam

switchyard

2019-09-26

7

J-PARC in

Tsukuba

Tord Ekelof, Uppsala

University

Slide8

The

Accumulator Ring

which

compresses each 0.65 ms pulse of 2.5*1014 protons from the ESS linac to 1.3 µsTo inject such a high charge in the accumulator ring, H- injection with stripping is required

4

superperiods

FODO cells

injection

RF

extraction

collimation

Dispersion-free straight sections

2019-09-26

8

J-PARC in Tsukuba Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide9

The Linac modifications and

operation

H- source options

PPH-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-H-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

H

-

Into linac

Into ring

Out of ring

i

nto horn

14 Hz

14 Hz

14 Hz

~1.4 kHz

Horn 1

Horn 2

Horn 4

Horn 3

100 µs

0.65 ms

~1 µs

~0.75 ms

2019-09-26

9

J-PARC in

Tsukuba

Tord Ekelof, Uppsala

University

Slide10

The

Megaton Wat

er Che

renkov neutrino detectorMEMPHYS like Cherenkov detector(MEgaton Mass PHYSics studied by LAGUNATwo

cylindrical tanks

Total

fiducial volume 500

kt

(~

20xSuper

K)Readout

: ~240k 8” PMTs30% opti

cal cove

rage

(

a

r

X

iv

:

hep

-e

x/0607026)

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

2019-10-07

10

Slide11

Garpenberg

Mine 540 km from ESSTh

e MEMPH

YS type detector to be located 1000 m down in a mineGarpenberg mine depth 1200 mTruck

access tunn

el

A new ore-hoist

sha

ft has bee

n taken

into ope

ration,leaving an older shaft

free to

use fo

r tra

nsp

o

r

t

of

E

SS

nu

SB-

d

e

t

ec

t

o

r

c

a

v

e

r

n

e

x

c

a

v

a

t

io

n

-

d

e

br

is

G

r

an

i

t

e

d

r

i

l

l

c

o

r

e

s

11

2019-10-07

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide12

Zinkgruvan Mine 360 km from ESS

Zinggruvan mine depth 1500 m

Truck access

tunnelThe main ore transport-shaft hoist has a capacity of 6000 tons per 24 hours of which only 2/3 is used. To bring up the 2.5 Mton of cruched rock will take order 3 years.PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University 2019-10-0712

Slide13

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

2019-10-07

13

xs CC, wat.dat file (Enrique)nue

anue

numu

anumu

(

prob

*

xs

)(E)

dcp=0, NH

flux(E)

2.5 GeV

The effect of the sharply decreasing

ν

detection cross-section

Slide14

Comparison of the two

mines Garpenberg Zinkgruvan

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

2019-10-0714

Slide15

The interest of measuring

δCP preciselyPPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

2019-10-07

15Baryon Asymmetry of the UniverseTest of flavor modelsSee Silvia Pascoli’s talk at this workshop from which these two slides are taken

Slide16

E

SSnuSB organization and ti

me plan

Partners: Oslo U, IHEP, BNL, SCK•CEN, SNS, PSI, RALMore i

nformatio

n

at: http://

essnusb.eu/

2019-09-26

16

J-PARC in

Tsukuba Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University EU grant 3 MEUR/4 yearsKick

-off

meeti

ng in J

a

nu

a

ry

2018.

E

SS

ν

SB

has about 60 members of which

10 are full-time EU-

financed

po

s

t

do

cs

.

Next

E

SS

nu

SB

a

nd

E

u

r

oNu

N

e

t

a

nnu

a

l

m

ee

t

i

n

g

to be

h

e

l

d

i

n Zagreb 21-24 October 2019 –

newcomers are most welcome to attend

Slide17

E

SSnuSB organization and time pl

an

2012:Θ13measurementpublished - inception

of the

ESSnuSB project

2016

-

2019

:

b

eginnin g

of COS

TAc

tion

E

u

r

o

N

uN

et

2018

:

b

e

ginn

i

n g

of

E

SS

ν

SB

D

e

sign

S

tudy

(

EU

-

H

2020)

2021

:

E

nd

o

f

E

SS

ν

SB

D

e

sig

n

S

tud

y

, C

D

R

a

n

d

p

re

li

m

in

ary c

osting

20

24

:

End

P

re

p

ara

to

ry

P

h

a

s

e,

TDR

2-5

years

, I

nt

er

n

a

t

io

n

al

A

g

ree

m

e

n

t

7

years

C

onst

r

u

c

t

io

n

of th

e

fac

ilit

y

a

nd d

e

t

ec

to

r

s

,

in

c

lud

in

g c

o

mm

issioning

203

3-2036

:

Start

D

a

t

a

t

a

king

Nucl.

P

h

y

s.

B

88

5

(

2014

)

127

A

2

nd

g

e

n

e

r

a

tio

n

n

e

ut

r

ino Sup

e

r

Beam

17

2019-10-07

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

Slide18

18

Muons

of average energy ~0.5 GeV at the level of the beam dump (per proton)

Future further option form aESS neutrino and muon facilityESS proton driver

p

decay

n

m

or

n

m

Decay

channel or ring

Front end

Cooling

Storage

ring

RCS

acceleration

Collider

ring

RLA

acceleration

Neutrons to ESS

Protons dump

Test Facility

Short

Baseline

Detector

Long

Baseline

Detector

Short

Baseline

Detector

Long

Baseline

Detector

m

+

or

m

-

n

m

+

n

e

n

e

+

n

m

Muon Collider

nuSTORM

Neutrino

Factory

ESS

nu

SB

Accumulator

μ

+

μ

-

→ ←

more than 4x10

20

μ/year from ESS

2.7x10

23

p.o.t

/year

2019-10-07

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University

See

Carlo

Rubbias

talk at the NeuTel2019 workshop

Slide19

Workshop ‘Prospects for Intensity Frontier Physics with Compresses Pulses from the ESS

Linac’ to be held at the Ångström Laboratory at Uppsala University, Sweden 2-3 March 2020.

Monday 2 March 2020 14:00–14:05 Welcome & Introduction to the Workshop/ Tord Ekelof

14:05–14:45 The use of the ESS linac to create a Muon Collider/ Carlo Rubbia 14:45–15:15 The ESS neutrino Super Beam Design Study/ Marcos Dracos 15:15–15:30 Discussion15:30–16:00 Coffee break16:00–16:30 The prospects for nuSTORM at ESS/ Alan Bross16:30–17:00 The prospects for an ESS based Neutrino Factory/ Jaroslaw Pasternak17:00–17:30 The possibilities of Decay-at-Rest experiments at ESS/ Janet Conrad19:00–23:00 Conference dinner Tuesday 3 March 2020 09:00–09:30 Coherent scattering experiments possible at ESS/Kate Scholberg09:30–10:00 Short Pulses for neutron Physics at ESS/ Ken Andersen10 :00–10:30 The ESS Linac Modifications required for the Different Proposals/ Natalia Milas 10:30–11:00 Coffee break11:00–11:30 Design of the ESSnuSB accumulator/ Ye Zou 11:30–12:00 Accumulator Synergies and Differences for the Different Proposals/ Maja Olvegard 12:00–12:30 Discussion12:30–14:00 Lunch14:00–14:30 Target Synergies and Differences for the Different Proposals/ Eric Baussan

14:30–15:00 Space available at the ESS site for the new installations/ Karin Wennerholm

15:00–15:30 Discussion & ClosingPPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University 2019-10-07

19

Slide20

Concluding remarks

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University 2019-10-07

20

ESSnuSB, the design of which is currently being studied, is complementary

to o

t

her existing and planned super

bea

m e

xperiment

s by t

he fact that it focusses at the

second maxi

mum

wher

e

t

he

sensi

t

ivi

t

y

t

o

s

y

s

t

e

m

a

t

ic er

r

o

rs

is

3

t

i

m

es

lo

w

er

t

h

a

n

a

t

t

he

f

irst

m

axi

m

u

m,

the correlation with other parameter of the

ν

mixing matrix is different

a

nd

t

h

a

t

t

he

neu

t

rino

ener

g

y

is

lo

w

en

o

u

g

h

f

o

r

the reson

ant and deep inelastic backgrounds to be s

trongly suppr

essed.If a

nd when

the current

experim

ental

hints

of CP

violation will

have been

conf

ir

m

ed on the level of 5

σ

,

t

he

ne

x

t

important

s

t

ep

w

ill

be

t

o

m

a

k

e

an accurate

measurement o

f the CP violating angle

δCP , w

hich will require the CP violation signal to maximized. Accurate measurement of δCP has the potential to provide

decisive information on flavour models and on the baryon asymmetry.The use of the ESS

linac for the producing a world-uniquely intense neutrino beam

can pave the way for making

use of the concurrent production of an

equally intense muon beam to

realize the Muon Collider or Neutrino Factory

project.

Slide21

Thank you

PPNT in Uppsala Tord Ekelof, Uppsala University 2019-10-07

21