Kevin Shaw Katie Gaffney SRJC Engr 45 120810 Early History The oldest known cast in existence is a copper frog from 3200 BCE in Mesopotamia Other early casts from around 3000BCE like weapons and cult objects were discovered in the Middle East and India ID: 1041869
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1. Sand CastingAlexander DeCarliKevin ShawKatie GaffneySRJC Engr 4512/08/10
2. Early HistoryThe oldest known cast in existence is a copper frog from 3200 BCE in Mesopotamia.Other early casts from around 3000BCE like weapons and cult objects were discovered in the Middle East and India.
3. Early HistoryThe earliest known sand mold came from China in 645 BCEIn 233 BCE, cast iron plows were cast in China.In the year 500, cast crucible steel was first produced in India.This process was lost until 1750 when an Englishman named Benjamin Huntsman rediscovered it.
4. Advancements in Sand CastingIn 1924, the Ford automobile company set a record production of 1 million cars, consuming the casting industry.Experiments were conducted with types of clay to improve strength in molding sand, updating cupola furnaces to electric and moving the traditional foundry to a factory setting improved process.Now, sand casting is a fully automated factory system.
5. What is Sand Casting?Sand Casting is a process in which a cast is formed from a molten metal in a sand mold.Can be used to produce a range of sizes from a fraction of an ounce to hundreds of tons.
6. Why We Use CastingCapable of large sizesCapable of holding detailUseful for metals with low ductilityMost economical type of fabricationMinimal wasteEmpty spaces can weaken metalPoor surface finishSmall parts hard to removeAdditional hardening usually neededAdvantagesDisadvantages
7. General Sand CastingTwo-piece casting flasktop is cope, bottom is dragSand packed around pattern of intended shapeGating system for metal flow and escapetrimming necessaryOften used with automotive parts and pipingIron, steel, bronze, aluminum, lead, tin, zinc
8. Types of SandGreen sand most commonSilica sand, water, clayNamed for moisture, not colorSand must maintain certain propertiesi.e. strength, thermal stability, collapsibility, reusabilityCompressed with hydraulic pressureSometimes different layers of different qualities
9. The ProjectSand casting acorns for TEC project decoration.Two different methodsTraditional sand castingLost wax castingZinc used because of it’s low melting temperature420°C or 788°F
10. Traditional PreparationHeated oven to 900°F to melt the Zinc.Made pattern of acorn out of wax.
11. Traditional PreparationUsed tin cans as frame for the mold.Poured sand in layers and enclosed pattern between the two halves.
12. Traditional PreparationCarefully separated two halves with a knife. Made pouring spout and chimney in the mold.Reattached two halves of the mold and we were ready to pour!
13. Traditional CastingPoured molten Zinc and let sit.Cast acorn then removed and set to cool.Cleaned up edges with file.Cast was very close to the original pattern.
14. Results
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16. Lost Wax PreparationExtra Zinc is heated to meltReused acorn pattern for casting flaskSame steps to create moldWax pattern left in mold
17. Lost Wax CastingPoured molten Zinc into moldWax started to melt outZinc cooled prematurely, trapping waxCast acorn removedNot much of an acorn this timeCombination of Zinc and wax
18. Results
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20. Referenceshttp://www.industrialmetalcasting.com/sand-casting.htmlhttp://www.efunda.com/processes/metal_processing/sand_casting_intro.cfmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand_castinghttp://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=sand_castingCallister, Materials Science and Engineeringhttp://www.mk-technology.com/geschichtemetallguss.html?L=2
21. Special ThanksM. Maselli and Son for supplying ZincYounes’ dog