Infant Mortality in the US An Overview Infant death is a critical indicator of the health of a population Infant death reflects the overall state of maternal health as well as the quality and accessibility of primary health care available to pregnant women and infants ID: 784667
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Slide1
Why is Education so Important?
Infant Mortality in the U.S.
– An Overview
Slide2Infant death is a critical indicator of the health of a population. Infant death reflects the overall state of maternal health, as well as the quality and accessibility of primary health care available to pregnant women and infants. - National Vital Statistics Mortality Reporting – CDC
Why are IMR Rates so Important?
Slide3Mathews,
MacDorman
, & Thoma (2015). NVSR, Vol. 64, No. 9
Slide4Infant Mortality in U.S.
2013 Mortality Rate Data*
Infant
0 – 365 days
Neonatal
0 – 27 days
Early Neonatal
0 – 6 days
Late Neonatal 7 – 27daysRace23,4465.96 / 1000 15,8934.04 / 1000 12,9003.28 / 10002,9930.76 / 1000Asian/PI4.07 / 10002.99 / 1000Hispanic5 / 10003.55 / 1000White5.06 / 10003.34 / 1000Am Ind/AN7.61 / 10004.11 / 1000Black11.11 / 10007.46 / 1000
3,932,181 Live Births 2013
PI – Pacific Islander, AN – Alaskan Native
Mathews,
MacDorman
, & Thoma (2015). NVSR, Vol. 64, No. 9
Slide5Infant Mortality in U.S.
2013 Mortality Rate Data*
Infant
0 – 365 days
Neonatal
0 – 27 days
Early Neonatal
0 – 6 days
Late Neonatal 7 – 27daysRace23,4465.96 / 1000 15,8934.04 / 1000 12,9003.28 / 10002,9930.76 / 10003,932,181 Live Births 2013In 2013: 447,361 (11.4%) were born at < 37 weeks 15,552 died = 66% of all infant deaths 75,464 (1.9%) were born at < 32 weeks 12,354 died = 53% of all infant deaths 27,808 were born weighing < 1000 grams (0.71% of all births) 47% of all infant deaths 63% of all neonatal deathsMathews, MacDorman, & Thoma (2015). NVSR, Vol. 64, No. 9
Slide6Infant Mortality in U.S.
2013 Mortality Rate Data*
Infant
0 – 365 days
Neonatal
0 – 27 days
Early Neonatal
0 – 6 days
Late Neonatal 7 – 27daysRace23,4465.96 / 1000 15,8934.04 / 1000 12,9003.28 / 10002,9930.76 / 10003,932,181 Live Births 2013Weight (in grams)Deaths per 1000 live births> 2,5002.05< 2,50050.262,000 to 2,4999.931,500 to 1,99924.68< 1,500219.56< 500853.03Mathews, MacDorman, & Thoma (2015). NVSR, Vol. 64, No. 9
Slide72013 – Linked birth / Death DataFor all race and ethnic groups, infant mortality rate
Weeks gestation
Terminology
Deaths per 1000 live births
< 32
Early preterm
163.71
32
– 33Early preterm16.02 34 – 36Late preterm7.2337 – 38Early term3.0139 – 40Full term1.8541Late term1.842 or >Postterm2.39Infant Mortality in U.S.Mathews, MacDorman, & Thoma (2015). NVSR, Vol. 64, No. 9
Slide8Infant Mortality Rate by State (2014)
Source: National Center Health Statistics © Statista
Deaths per 1,000 live births
Slide9Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) Percent change in IMR by State 2005-07 to 2012-14
Mathews & Driscoll (Mar 2017). NVSR, Vol. 64, No. 9
Decline of
16%
Decline of 12 – 15.9%
Decline of < 12%
No significant change
Slide10Heron, 2013. National Vital Statistics Reports,
Vol
62, No 6
Leading Causes
Neonatal
Mortality US 2010
Cause of DeathDeaths% of Total DeathsDisorders related to short gestation and low birthweight*4,06325.1Congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities3,60522.3Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy1,5479.6Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord, and membranes1,0156.3Bacterial sepsis of newborn5623.4Respiratory distress of newborn4973.1Neonatal hemorrhage4582.8Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn4092.5Intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia3001.9Atelectasis2311.4All other causes3,51121.7*not elsewhere classified
Slide11Follow for new results at:
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/linked-birth.htm
Leading Causes
Neonatal
Mortality US
Slide12U.S. annual births ..………... 3.93 millionNeonatal deaths (2013) … 15,893 (1.8 / hour)Global annual births ……… approx 130 million Global neonatal deaths .… 2.9 million (331 / hour)Most deaths are from preventable causes
The Facts: U.S. Compared with World
Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths
Slide13Global Distribution of Neonatal Deaths
Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths
Slide14Neonatal Mortality Rates by Region
Save the Children (2014) Ending Newborn Deaths
Slide15Why is Education so Important?