in apa mla and turabian Alden David Martinez Summer 2014 Capitalization of titles in apa Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association 6 th Edition Capitalization of Titles in APA ID: 460489
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Slide1
Capitalization of titles in apa, mla, and turabian
Alden David Martinez
Summer 2014Slide2
Capitalization of titles in apaPublication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th EditionSlide3
Capitalization of Titles in APA
Capitalize the first, last, and major words in titles of books and articles within the body of the paper
All verbs (including linking verbs), nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns are major words. When a capitalized word is a hyphenated compound, capitalize both words. Also, capitalize the first word after a colon or a dash in a title
.
In her book,
History of
Pathology
The criticism of the article, “Attitudes Toward Mental Health Workers”
“Ultrasonic Vocalizations Are Elicited From Rat Pups”
“Memory in Hearing-Impaired Children: Implications for Vocabulary Development
”Slide4
Capitalization of Titles in APAEXCEPTION: In reference lists, capitalize only the first word, the first word after a colon or
em
dash, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the second word of a hyphenated compound.
Liu, D., Wellman, H.M., Tardif, T., &
Sabbagh
, M. A. (2008). Theory of mind development in Chinese children:
Ameta
-analysis of false-belief understanding across cultures and languages.
Developmental Psychology, 44,
523—531. Doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.2.523Slide5
Capitalization of Titles in APADO NOT capitalize conjunctions (FANBOYS, etc.), articles (
a, an, the
), or short prepositions (
of, at, by
, etc.). These three type of words are not considered major words. HOWEVER, capitalize ALL words of four (4) letters or more.
Capitalize
major words in article headings and subheadings
.
EXCEPTION: In indented paragraph (Levels 3, 4, and 5) headings, capitalize only the first word and proper nouns
.
Capitalize
major words in table titles and figure legends. In table headings and figure captions, capitalize only the first word and proper nouns
.Slide6
Capitalization of Titles in APACapitalize references to titles of sections within the same article.
as explained in the Method
section
Capitalize exact, complete titles of published and unpublished tests. Words such as
test
or
scale
are not capitalized if they refer to subscales of tests.
Advanced Vocabulary Test
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality
Inventory
Stroop
Color-Word Interference Test
the authors’ Mood Adjective Checklist
BUT
MMPI Depression scaleSlide7
Capitalization of Titles in APADo not capitalize shortened, inexact, or generic titles of
tests.
A vocabulary test
Stroop
color testSlide8
Capitalization of titles in MLAMLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th EditionSlide9
Capitalization of Titles in MLAWhen citing a title of a published work in your research paper, take the title from the title page. Do not reproduce any unusual typographic characteristics, such as special capitalization or lowercasing of all letters. A title page may present a title designed like one of the following examples
:
MODERNISM & NEGRITUDE
READING
SITES
Social Difference and Reader Response
Turner’s early sketchbooksSlide10
Capitalization of Titles in MLA
The titles on the previous slide
should appear in a research paper as follows:
Modernism and Negritude
Reading Sites: Social Difference and Reader Response
Turner’s Early
SketchbooksSlide11
Capitalization of Titles in MLAIn a title or subtitle, capitalize the first, last, and all principal words, including those that follow hyphens in compound terms:
Nouns –
flowers,
as in
The Flowers of
Europe
Pronouns –
our,
as in
Save Our Children
;
that
, as in
The Mouse That
Roared
Verbs –
watches,
as in
America Watches Television
;
is,
as in
What Is Literature?
Adjectives –
ugly,
as in
The Ugly Duckling
;
that,
as in
Who Said That Phrase
?
Adverbs –
slightly,
as in
Only Slightly Corrupt
;
down,
as in
Go Down, Moses
Subordinating conjunctions –
after, although, as if, as soon as, because, before, if, that, unless, until, when, where, while,
as in
One If by Land and Anywhere That Chance LeadsSlide12
Capitalization of Titles in MLADo not capitalize the following parts of speech when they fall in the middle of a title:
Articles –
a, an, the,
as in
Under the Bamboo
Tree
Prepositions –
against, as, between, in, of, to,
as in
The Merchant of Venice
and “A Dialogue between the Soul and Body
”
Coordinating conjunctions –
and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet,
as in
Romeo and
Juliet
The
to
in infinitives –
How to Play ChessSlide13
Capitalization of Titles in MLAWhen the first line of a poem serves as the title of the poem, reproduce the line exactly as it appears in the text.
Dickinson’s
poem “I heard a Fly buzz—when I died—” contrasts the everyday
and
the momentous.Slide14
Capitalization of titles in TurabianA Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations Chicago Style for Students and Researchers, 7th EditionSlide15
Capitalization of Titles in Turabian
Headline-style capitalization is intended to distinguish titles clearly from surrounding text. In this style, capitalize the first letter of the first and last words of the title and subtitle and all other words, except as follows:
Do not capitalize articles (
a, an, the
), the coordinating conjunctions (
and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet
), or the words
to
and
as
unless such a word is the first or last word in the title or
subtitle.
Do not capitalize prepositions (
of, in, at, above, under,
and so forth) unless they are emphasized (
through
in
A River Runs Through It
) or used as adverbs (
up
in
Look Up
), adjectives (
on
in
The On Button
), or conjunctions (
before
in
Look Before You Leap
).Slide16
Capitalization of Titles in Turabian
Headline-style capitalization is intended to distinguish titles clearly from surrounding text. In this style, capitalize the first letter of the first and last words of the title and subtitle and all other words, except as follows
:
Do not capitalize the second part (or subsequent parts) of a hyphenated compound unless it is a proper noun or adjective.
Do not capitalize parts of proper nouns that are normally in lowercase (
van
in
Ludwig van Beethoven
).
To Have and to Hold: A Twenty-first-century View of Marriage
The Economic Effects of the Civil War in the Mid-Atlantic States
Four Readings of the Gospel according to Matthew
Still Life with
OrangesSlide17
Capitalization of Titles in Turabian
Although many short words are lowercase in this style, length does not determine capitalization. You must capitalize short verbs (
is, are
), adjectives (
new
), personal pronouns (
it, we
), and relative pronouns (
that
), because they are not among the exceptions listed above. Use lowercase for long prepositions (
according
) since they are among the exceptions.
Two kinds of titles should not be presented in headline style even if you use it for all other titles
:
For titles in languages other than English, use the sentence-style capitalization.
For titles of works published in the eighteenth century or earlier, retain the original capitalization (and spelling), except that words spelled out in all capital letters should be given with an initial capital only.Slide18
Capitalization of Titles in Turabian
Sentence-style capitalization is a simpler, though less distinct, way of presenting titles than headline style. In this style, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of the title and subtitle and any proper nouns and proper adjectives thereafter
.
Seeing and selling late-nineteenth-century
Japan
Natural
crisis: Symbol and imagination in the mid-American farm crisisSlide19
Capitalization of Titles in Turabian
Sentence style is also used for titles of works in foreign languages. Foreign languages have capitalization principles different from English, so if you are uncertain about these principles in a particular language, consult a reliable authority
.
Speculum
Romanae
magnificentiae
Historia
de la
Orden
de San
Gerónimo