Map Vocabulary Cordillera is a mountain system made up of roughly parallel ranges Tepuis is an unusual flattopped formation Gurrillas or members of an irregular military force Llaneros ID: 671171
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Slide1
Chapter 9
Caribbean South AmericaSlide2
MapSlide3
Vocabulary
Cordillera
, is a mountain system made up of roughly parallel ranges
Tepuis
, is an unusual flat-topped formation
Gurrillas
, or members of an irregular military force
Llaneros
, or Venezuelan cowboys
Strike
, a group of workers stopping until their demands are met
Referendum
, or recall voteSlide4
Section 1
Physical GeographySlide5
Further Research
Orinoco River
Flows for 1,700 miles
Flows through Venezuela and between Venezuela and Colombia
Hydro-electric plants are built on the river
Computers help direct electricity to steel mills and aluminum plants and distinct cities
Home to Indians
Home to the world’s largest rodent
Angel Falls
World’s largest waterfall
Is named after Jimmy Angel who was a pilot and saw the waterfall for the first time in 1933
Drops more than 3,200 feet
Since the height is so high the water turns into fog before it hits the bottomSlide6
Physical Features and Wildlife
Mountains and Highlands
Highest point in Colombia
The Andes reach 8,000 ft and form a cordillera
Venezuela’s highest point is the Guiana Highlands, resists erosion
The tepuis rises about 6,000 ft, about the plains.
P
lains, Rivers, and Wildlife
Llanos, grassland without many trees
Orinoco flows about 1,600 miles
Caucat and Magalena are two other important rivers
Lots of wildlife; 100’s of bird species, piranhas, and crocodiles
One of world’s highest concentrations of plants and animal species
Jagurs, ocelots, and species of monhies Slide7
Climate and Vegetation
Most of the region has
warm
temperatures
year-round
because it’s near the
equator
Temperature varies with
elevation
The
Llanos
region has a tropical savanna climate.Rainforests thrive in
southern ColombiaSouthern Colombia is part of the Amazon Basin
. Here rain falls throughout the year.Slide8
Resources
Caribbean South America is a
rich
agricultural region because of its
soil
and
moderate climates
.
Major crops-
rice, coffee, bananas,
and
sugarcane.Resources-
oil, iron ore, and coal.
Forests throughout the region provide timber.The seas provide fish and shrimp.The region’s major rivers are used to generate hydroelectric power.Venezuela’s Canaima National Park covers about
3
million acres of eastern Venezuela.
One of the world’s
largest
national parks.
Angel falls is the
world’s
highest waterfalls (drops 3,200ft.).Slide9
Assessment Questions
1a) Where are the Andes located?
The Andes are located on the west side of Colombia.
1b) How are the rock formations called tepuis unusual?
The tepuis are unusual because they are sandstone layers that have resisted erosion; thus making the landscape unusual and different.Slide10
1c) Why do the Llanos in Columbia and Venezuela flood easily?
The Llanos in Colombia and Venezuela flood easily because they are mostly grassland and have a low elevation.
2a) In the Andes, how does the temperature change with elevation?
The temperature in the Andes changes with elevation. The higher you go the colder it gets. The snow-capped peaks are also active volcanos. Slide11
2b) How does the region’s location near the equator affect it’s climate?
Being closer to the equator would make the temperature warm all year long and not really have seasons.
3a) What is the major resource in both Venezuela and Columbia?
Venezuela and Colombia both have large oil-rich areas.Slide12
3b) Which resource provides hydroelectric power?
The areas major rivers provide them with hydroelectric power.Slide13
Section 2
ColombiaSlide14
Further Research
Giants mounds of Earth, mysterious statues, and tombs are the marks of ancient people
Important cities are
Cali
Bogota
Medellin
Barranquilla Slide15
Graphic Organizer
Government
Having trouble with guerilla rebels
Enforcing laws against them
Holidays
New Years
Epiphani
St. Josephs Day
Easter
Labor Day
Ascension of Jesus
Corpus Christ
Declaration of IndependenceSlide16
Current Events
14 rebels killed in military raid
Colombia president deploys 50,000 troops after protest
9 die in bomb blast
Sports
Main sport is soccer
Tejo, a Colombian original sportSlide17
Resources
Gold
Coffee
Bananas
Cotton
SugarcaneSlide18
Colombia’s History
The Chibcha
The Chibcha were
metal workers, potters,
and
weavers.
Chibcha made the legend of
El Dorado
The Chibcha made the drug called
Cocaine
Spanish Conquest
In the 1500s the
Spanish
arrived in South AmericaThe Spanish conquered the Chibcha and found treasure
Spain founded
c
olonies in the
Caribbean Coast
Carta Gena
was a major naval base and commercial port
Spanish
set up large estates in ColombiaSouth Americans and
Africans
worked thereSlide19
Independence
In the
1700s
people began struggling for independence
After they claimed independence, they formed the
Gran Columbia
The Republic of Gran Colombia included
Colombia, Panama, Ecuador,
and
Venezuela.
In
1830
the republic dissolved
After the republic resolved, New Granada formedThey debated if the Roman Catholic Church
should participate in
government
and
education
Outbreaks of violence occurred throughout the
1800s
and
1900s
killed thousandsSlide20
Colombia Today
Colombia Today
Bogota
is Colombia’s capitol
More than
40
years of
civil war
have been destructive to it’s economy
People and Culture
Most Colombians live in
f
ertile valleys
and river basins among the mountain rangesThe geography of Colombia isolates peopleSlide21
Economy
Major exports include
bananas, sugarcane,
and
cotton
Many farms produce
flour
Columbia’s major export is
oil
More exports are
iron ore, gold,
and
coalMost emeralds come from Columbia
Civil WarGuerrillas forced farmers off their land
Thousands
flee the country because of the war
Guerrillas use the
coca
plant to make cocaine
The
United States
provides assistance to Columbia
Columbia is the
recipients of US aid
The fighting has lasted
40
years
Columbia is the number one country in the world to produce and traffic
cocaineSlide22
Assessment Questions
1a) Who were the Chibcha?
The Chibcha were a Native American tribe before the Spanish killed them.
1b) Why did Spain want land in Colombia?
The Spanish wanted land in Colombia because they wanted to expand their new empire.Slide23
2a) What factors make Colombia ideal for growing coffee?
Factors that make Colombia good for growing coffee are it’s rich soils, steep slopes, and tall shade trees.
2b) In what part of the country do most Colombians live?
Most Colombians live in the fertile valleys and river basins at the ridges of mountains. The climate is moderate which is good for farming.Slide24
2c) How might Colombia solve the problem of guerrillas trying to control the country?
They could continue to make more laws against them, or start arresting them. The U.S. could help out some more.Slide25
Section 3
Venezuela and the GuianasSlide26
Further Research
Fiesta De Las Cruces
– Honors the Holy Cross of May in the states of Mirands and Aragua as it’s patriots
Federation Day
– Marks the start of the 4 year long federal war
Current president: Nicolas Maduro
Federal Republic
Presidential system
Federation and socialist state
Exports are:
Petroleum
Steel
Agricultural productsSports are soccer and baseballVenezuela won 7
th Miss Universe contestNew national holiday celebrating Hugo ChavesCaracas is the capitolMaracaibo is the largest populated cityOther key cities areValenciaBarquisimeto
Slide27
Venezuela
Spanish Settlement and Colonial Rules
Conquered by Spanish in early 1500’s
Forced Indians to work hard; many died
Spanish brought Africans to the Indians places
People and Culture
Venezuela people descended from Native Indians, Europeans, and Africans
Indians make up 2% of population
Most people are Spanish speaking Roman CatholicsSlide28
Independence and Self Rule
Bolivar helped win Venezuela’s independence from Spain in 1821
Through 1800’s Venezuela suffered from dictatorship and civil wars
Leaders kept the county’s oil money for themselves
Economy and Natural Resources
1960 Venezuela began earing huge sums of money from oil production
Big population still lives in poverty
Economy is based on oil productionSlide29
Government
Suffered years of dictatorship; finally got president in 1959
Since then, government has dealt with economic turmoil and political protests
People wanted president to resign, he returnedSlide30
Guianas
The countries of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana are together known as the
Guianas.
Tropical
rain forests cover much of this region.
Guyana comes from a South American Indian word that means “
land of waters
.”
About one-third of the country’s population lives in
Georgetown
.
Guyana’s lands are
flat, fertile plains along the coast.Immigrants
came to work on the sugar plantations.Today, they have small plots of land for small businesses.About 1/3 of the population are decedents from former African slaves.Slide31
Suriname
has similar resources and economy of Guyana.
They have a
diverse
population.
Population is made up of South Asians, Africans, Chinese, Indonesians, and
Creoles
.
Capitol is Paramaribo, it is
half
the population.
French Guiana is a French
territory.It’s population is about 200,000 people.
Two-thirds of the population is African.Other types of people are Europeans, Asians, and South American Indians.They depend heavily on imports.Slide32
Assessment Questions
1a) What did Spanish settlers hope to find in Venezuela?
Spanish came hoping to find gold and pearls.
1b) Who led Venezuela’s revolt against Spain?
Simon Bolivar led Venezuela’s revolt against Spain.Slide33
2a) What does the landscape of Caracas include?
Caracas consists of modern subway systems, busy expressways, and tall office buildings.
2b) How is oil important to Venezuela’s economy?
They earn huge sums of money through oil production.Slide34
2c) Why did some Venezuelans go on strike?
They went on strike because they wanted the president to resign.
3a) What are Guyana’s agricultural lands and products like?
They are located on flat, fertile plains.Slide35
3b) How is population of
t
he Guianas different from that of Columbia and Venezuela?
Guiana’s population is diverse and Columbia and Venezuela are not diverse