PPT-“Gymnosperms”

Judd et al pp 206221 Gymnosperms Cycads Gingkos one left Gingko biloba Conifers Gnetales At least two extinct lineages that were polyphyletic with regards to currently extant gymnosperms. Chapter 22. Outline. Introduction. Phylum . Pinophyta. – The Conifers. Other Gymnosperms. Phylum . Ginkgophyta. – . Ginkgo. Phylum . Cycadophyta. – The Cycads. Phylum . Gnetophyta. – The . Spring . 2014. Outline. Review of land plant phylogeny. Characters of seed plants. Gymnosperm phylogeny & diversity. Cycads. Gingko. Conifers. Gnetophytes. Review of land plant phylogeny. Green plants (viridophytes). Plantae. Phylum: . Pteropsida. Class:. Filicinae. , . Gymnospermae. , . Angiospermae. Pteropsida. . A large group of vascular plants characterized by having . parenchymatous. leaf gaps in the stele and by having leaves which are thought to have originated in the distant past as branched stem systems. . Grow on fruits and breads. Saprobes and parasites. Rhizopus. : bread mould. Hyphae. Threadlike hyphae secrete enzymes which break down food. The hyphae then reabsorb the nutrients and transport them throughout the fungus by means of diffusion.. Objectives. 1. Name the . protist. group from which plants are hypothesized to have descended, and describe supporting evidence..  . 2. Discuss some environmental challenges of living on land, and describe how several adaptations meet these challenges.. Why should we care about plants, at all?. Carbon dioxide levels. Indicators for ground level pollution, long before animals. Japan/ radioactive food….. But… . Kudzu- invasive. Did you know……. .. 10.1 Describing the histology of roots, stems, leaves, and . flowers . 10.2 Recognizing chemical and physical adaptations of plants. Examples: chemical -—foul odor, bitter taste, toxicity;. physical—- spines, needles, broad leaves . G1.1. :. Understand how to classify and identify plants by order, family, genus, and. . species. Upon completion, students will:. Know the general hierarchy of classification– focusing on class, order, family, genus, and species. Like any other organism, plants have to reproduce in order to survive as a species!. If plants didn’t reproduce, what would happen?!. Exactly . . . . There would be no more plants! And that would be bad . . . . Because there would be no more me or you!!!!. Cycas. Asso. . Prof. . Seema. A. . Gaikwad. Dept. of Botany. . Vidnyan. . Mahavidyalaya. , . Sangola. .. Introduction and Salient features of Gymnosperms . .. Gymnosperms (. Gymno. : naked, . sperma. = seed. ) include simpler and primitive . plants.. They are . characterised. by the presence of . naked ovules. , borne unprotected on the surface of the . megasporophylls. Gymnosperms (. Gymno. : naked, . sperma. = seed. ) include simpler and primitive . plants.. They are . characterised. by the presence of . naked ovules. , borne unprotected on the surface of the . megasporophylls. Judd et al pp. 216-232. “Gymnosperms”. Cycads. (many nearing extinction). Gingkos. (one left-- Gingko . biloba. ). Conifers. (have lost the chloroplast inverted repeat!). Gnetales. (have vessels like angiosperms, all other gymnosperms have only . The Importance of Seeds. Q: What adaptations allow seed plants to reproduce without open water?. A: Adaptations include 1)a reproductive process that takes place in cones or flowers, 2)the transfer of sperm by pollination, and 3)the protection of embryos in seeds.