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 Patric Delquadro Arthritis  Patric Delquadro Arthritis

Patric Delquadro Arthritis - PowerPoint Presentation

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Patric Delquadro Arthritis - PPT Presentation

Overview Definitions Epidemiology Clinical Aspects Treatment Effects of Exercise Testing Prescription Conclusion References Definitions Osteoarthritis OA Chronic deteriorative disease of cartilage in joints allowing bones to contactrub causing inflammation Result of agin ID: 775443

arthritis exercise joint pain arthritis exercise joint pain rheumatoid joints type inflammation disease rom physical symptoms cartilage osteoarthritis day

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Presentation Transcript

Slide1

Patric Delquadro

Arthritis

Slide2

Overview

Definitions

Epidemiology

Clinical Aspects

Treatment

Effects of Exercise

Testing

Prescription

Conclusion

References

Slide3

Definitions

Osteoarthritis (OA)

– Chronic deteriorative disease of cartilage in joints allowing bones to contact/rub causing inflammation. Result of aging, genetics, previous injuries, and overuse.

Rheumatoid

Arthritis (RA) -

Chronic autoimmune disease were the body’s immune system, for reasons unknown, attacks the synovial lining surrounding joints causing

inflammation and destruction of joint cartilage.

Slide4

OA Video

http

://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dUSmaev5b0

Slide5

RA Video

http

://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYTutNDWPKg

Slide6

Epidemiology

Arthritis

More than 100 different forms of arthritis

1 in 7 Americans have at least 1 type of arthritis

Osteoarthritis

1 in 12 Americans affected

Signs start showing after age 45

More common in men >55, women <55

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Close to 1% of

Americans affected

Affects women 3 X to men

Slide7

Symptoms

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Symptoms include:

Stiffness and deep underlying ache or pain in joints

Warmth, swelling, and/or redness around joint (inflammation)

Reduced ROM

Usually felt in early morning, during/post activity, & inactivity

Late Stages

Bony spurs called

Heberden’s

nodes develop

Audible grinding or crackling noise from

joint (crepitation)

Joint

deformation

Spurring or crystallization of bone and/or cartilage

Slide8

Osteoarthritis Images

Slide9

Symptoms Continued

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Many of the same symptoms as OA with the exception of:

Joint pain is generally equal on both sides of body

Prolonged early morning stiffness

Greater joint deformation and rheumatoid nodules

RA is Systemic

Rheumatoid factor affects the whole body

Numbness or tingling of the hands and feet

Eye burning, chest pain, and/or dry-mouth

Damage to

cardiorespiratory

tissue

Fever and fatigue

Slide10

Rheumatoid Arthritis Images

Slide11

Test and Evaluation

Physical Exam

A traditional physical exam is performed on patients with any type of arthritis

Special attention is given to:

Joint movement and function

Visual appearance noting inflammation, redness, nodes etc.

History of symptoms and discomfort

Listening for crepitation

Blood testing does little to determine if the patient has arthritis.

Slide12

Laboratory Diagnosis

Osteoarthritis

Joint aspiration

Synovial fluid

drawn from the joint is examined for deterioration

X-ray

Less invasive and helpful

for observing cartilage and bone

health

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid factor (RF) test

Blood sample is taken and RF levels are evaluated

MRI or Ultrasound

Same purpose as x-ray, more detailed and convenient

Slide13

Complications

Physically

Large joints like knees, shoulders, hips and back/neck are usually most affected by arthritis. This limits physical activity and daily tasks.

Joints in hands and feet also become problematic causing issues with balance, gait, and tasks requiring grip strength.

Emotionally

Physical appearance can be detrimental to the persons confidence and emotion wellbeing.

Being limited and in pain can cause a person to give up on exercise leading to a sedentary lifestyle.

Slide14

Treatment

The best medicine for any type arthritis is…. STAYING ACTIVE!!!

By staying active, joints, bones and muscles are worked encouraging repair and growth.

Patients are asked to work through the initial morning pain and discomfort and participate in moderate exercise.

Over the counter pain relievers: Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

NSAID’s: ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen

Slide15

Treatment Continued

RA preventative treatments

Disease modifying

antirheumatic

drugs (DMARDs):

Rheumatrex

,

Arava

,

Gold sodium

thiomalate

DMARDs target immune processes that cause

inflammation

and are administered via

IV, injection, pill

Corticosteroids: Prednisolone

These treatments are also used in severe cases of

OA

Slide16

Treatment Continued

Physical therapy

Strengthens muscle and improves ROM

Educates patient with usable exercise routines

Surgery

Arthroscopic surgery

Partial and full joint replacements for knees, shoulders, hip, ankle, and elbow.

Alignment surgery (knee, elbow, tarsals)

Fusion (spine, ankle)

Slide17

Effects of Exercise

Capable of improving all system functions

Improves joint ROM, stability, and function

Decreases inflammation and pain in joints

Creates positive social wellbeing and outlook on life

Increases activity and productivity

Slide18

Ability to Exercise

Special Considerations

Joint stability must be planned for and monitored

Only low impact exercises should be used

Allow ample time for warm-up/cool down, especially early day

Progression in exercise intensity should be gradual

Progression in duration before intensity

Good shock absorbing shoes should be worn during exercise

Risk and issues increase with overweight/obese clients

Slide19

Medications and Exercise

No exercise specific side-affects with DMARDs

Methotrexate

Increased bruising, nausea, decrease in

energy

Arava

Increased bruising, chest pain, numbness and weight loss

Gold sodium

thiomalate

Abdominal pain, shortness of breath, and bruising

Slide20

Exercise Testing

Methods

Measures

Strength

Repetition Max

(1, 8, or 12 reps)

Isometric knee extension

Standardized functional

measures

Timed chair rise

Timed up and go

Endurance

6

min walk

Cycle Ergometer

HR

Flexibility

Goniometry

Functional

ROM

Assess Symmetry

Slide21

Exercise Prescription

Frequency, Intensity, Time an Type (FITT)FITT principles apply same as a healthy individual

Resistance

Aerobic

Flexibility

Frequency

2-3 day/week

3-5

day/week

Daily

Intensity

S

tart @ 10% Max

Increase 10% (Max) weekly

60-80% HR peak

Pain

Dependent

Tension (not pain)

Time

10-15

rep warm-up

3-5 exercises

5-10 reps (tolerable)

5-10 min warm-up

20-30

min (tolerable)

5-10 min

Beginning

of day

Pre/Post

Exercise

Type

Circuit

training

Free/Machine Weights

Elastic bands

Isometric

Low

resistance

Walking

Cycling

Water aerobics

ROM joint

stretching

All major muscles

Slide22

Importance of Flexibility at 80

http

://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=UQASHZMeMnk

Slide23

Summary and Conclusion

OA is the most common type of arthritis

Deteriorative disease of joint cartilage

Most times age dependent

No cure, only temporary relief or invasive

surgery

RA is less common but with more complications

Autoimmune disease attacks the synovial lining around joints

Not age dependent

Detrimental to other systems of the body

Medications can be used to slow disease progression

Slide24

References

Byk

, C. (2008). Osteoporosis: An Exercise Guide. El Paso:

Workfit

Consultants.

M.D., G. C. (2008). The Arthritis Handbook. New York, NY :

DiaMedica

.

M.D., T. L. (2003). Living with

Rheumatiod

Arthritis. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press.

Medicine, A. C. (2010). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and

Perscription

(8th ed.). Baltimore, MD:

Wolters

Kluwer.

Medicine, U. N. (2012, March 21). Medline Plus. Retrieved March 21, 2012, from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/arthritis.html