Re-Engineering Nigeria's Energy Infrastructure A presentation at the Fourth Nigeria Energy - PowerPoint Presentation

Re-Engineering Nigeria's Energy Infrastructure A presentation at the Fourth Nigeria Energy Forum (NEF4), April 9-10, 2019, Admiralty Hall, Naval Dockyard, V/Island Lagos. b y The 18th National Chairman of the Nigerian Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (NIEEE) Engr. Prince John Oyewole Funso -Adebayo, FNIEEE, MNSE funso@ieee.org , +234-807 417 2133

Table of Contents Abstract What is Infrastructure? Brief on Nigeria’s Energy Infrastructure Nigerian Infrastructures: Built to Last or Be Replaced? Reverse Engineering in the Energy Sector (proposed) Conclusion References

Abstract The state of infrastructures in Nigeria is appalling. We have good motive of introducing new technologies in our ways of life but we do not have a maintenance culture in place. This paper addresses issues of decaying structures, and suggests ways of turning dilapidating infrastructures into monumental sites. For instance, a good and more economical plan is drawn from the implementation stages through to sustainability, upgrade, expansion, and even swap of some faulty parts. This is a good way of investment in the public-private-partnership initiative of the Federal Government of Nigeria.

What is Infrastructure? Infrastructure - Investopedia https://www.investopedia.com › Insights › Markets & Economy Apr 12, 2018 -  Infrastructure  is the term for the basic physical systems of a business or nation — transportation, communication, sewage, water and electric systems are all examples of  infrastructure . Projects related to  infrastructure  improvements may be funded publicly, privately or through public-private partnerships.

Brief on Nigeria’s Energy Infrastructure As of December 2017,  Nigeria's  federal government has invested $20 million on solar projects throughout the country.  Nigeria's  climate, resources, and economic and societal conditions make solar  energy  a suitable alternative   energy  source. The Northern part of  Nigeria  has the highest potential for solar. Energy in Nigeria - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_Nigeria

Energy History in Nigeria The Nigerian energy transitions, covering a period of 1800–2015 were divided into five major energy eras which are: Pre-industrial (agricultural) era —up to mid-1800s. Early industrial (advanced metallurgy) era —late 1800s. Industrial (steam engines) era —early to mid-1900s. Late industrial (dynamo, internal combustion engines) era —mid to late 1900s. Information (microprocessor) era —early 2000s onwards.

CONSTRAINING FACTORS TO DEVELOPMENT Weak monitoring of generated revenue. Slow debt management Weak Anti-corruption measures Inconsistent governance Improper Privatization & Deregulation: case of NITEL & NEPA Imbalances in all economic theories resulting to inflation. Increased wages in all tiers of government and huge budget spending without key projects as evidence and absence of structural reforms, as well as their weak (or no) implementation. Predetermined sales of FOREX. Unresolved conflicts in all tiers of government and religious sects, not excluding ethnic groups (except professional and civil liberty organizations). A. Poor administrations & management of public infrastructures. B. Abuse of public offices/facilities. C. Breakdown of Law & Order. D. Inherent attitudes in the public.

A BUILT TO LAST INVESTMENT E thics Transparent partnership with the PPP (commercial) T echnical/maintenance partnership with NGOs (non-commercial) Q uarterly E valuation of key stakeholders for accountability, a well developed policy with an inclusion of the end user/community.

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Reverse Engineering in the Energy Sector (proposed)

GREEN ENERGY (ECOFRIENDLINESS) The Refuse, Reuse, and Recycle Re-orientation of the working class on their areas of specialization/research and development can have greater impact on the immediate communities thereby creating a 21st Century Future Communities where Green Energy is conserved and controlled. This is the best practice in developed societies such as the South Africa et al, thereby yielding an improvement in the sector.

ENERGY MODULES – COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT (ELECTRIFICATION) We need to adopt a knowledge-driven economy, let us go back to our roots to teach modern technologies in our mother tongue. the training schedule shall consist of three (3) groups: Instructors group already trained at technology centers. Observers group with little or no knowledge about infrastructures/public utilities. Students group whose career is directly dependent on the development of infrastructures/public utilities. Some of the training to be covered include (but not limited to): Infrastructures/public utilities basic tools vs Computer & The Internet How communications can improve infrastructures/public utilities (rural/urban cases). Power: Smart-Grid, Renewable Energies Non- Technical/ Softskills : Entrepreneurship Trainings Risk Management Project Management

ROADMAP TOWARDS RE-ENGINEERING Build, Own and Transfer (BOT) Under Build, Own and Transfer, the contractors who may be a developer (financier) and not necessarily the builder, build and own the property which will be used by the client with the agreement that the client will possess the property in the future. This arrangement is usually used for specialized facilities like hospitals, schools, social housing and markets. Build, Own, Operate and Transfer (BOOT) In Build, Own, Operate and Transfer, the client does not have intention of using it and allows the developer to own it for a period of time. Example is the construction of Murtala Muhammed Airport II by Bicourtney Aviation Management (Lagos, Nigeria). Design, Build, Finance and Own (DBFO) This is a Public Finance Initiative (PFI) in which a private organization conceived a development idea, design, construct it and operate it in perpetuity. For example, the Millennium Park, Maitama , designed and developed by Salini Construction Company Limited (FCT Abuja, Nigeria)

BENEFITS • Improvement in the standard of living in the society at large. • Enablement for tomorrow’s graduate, therefore employers need not to spend too much capital on training. • Changes and improvement state of the infrastructures/public utilities nationwide. • Increase in foreign investors across board.

RECOMMENDATIONS National infrastructure commission (NIC) The executive organ of Nigeria government should sponsor a bill to establish NIC which will replace ICRC and retain all the roles and responsibilities therein with some amendment listed as followed:  Commission membership to be appointed by the President and Senate  Member would be required to have experience in one or more of the following fields; economics, public administration, civil engineering, public investment financing, construction and related design professionals.  Commission is to develop a study of all matters relating to the state of infrastructure in the country.  Commissions would be required to develop recommendations on various approaches for improving and maintaining infrastructure.  Any other amendment deem fit by executive and legislative arms . Completed processes:  The Privatization and Commercialization Act 1999;  The Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (Establishment) Act 2005;  The Fiscal Responsibility Act 2007;  The Public Procurement Act 2007; and  Other relevant legislation.

CONCLUSION The state of Human Assets and Infrastructure depend solely on proper management, through training, regular upgrade/maintenance, and quarterly evaluation by subject matter experts . The NIEEE has on its own part created an Expert Study Group (ESG) and a Learning Hub, to bridge the gap between the Industry, Academia, Public, Government and NGOs/other Professionals.

References Sustainability Strategies in Engineering Infrastructure Maintenance in Developing Countries: Selected State In South Western Nigeria as Case Study by Amusan Lekan M (Covenant University, 2019) Historical Drivers of Energy Infrastructure Change in Nigeria ( 1800–2015) by Norbert Edomah , Published August, 2018. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.5772/intechopen.74002 Strategies for Transforming Agriculture and Water Resources Sectors of the Nigerian Economy by John Funso -Adebayo at The Nigerian Society of Engineers INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, EXHIBITION AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING (Abuja 2013) Nigerian Infrastructures: Built to Last or Be Replaced? by John Funso-Adebayo at The Nigerian Society of Engineers INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, EXHIBITION AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING (Ilorin 2012)

Thank you for listening! Any Questions Please? funso@ieee.org info@nieee.org.ng