Teaching Structures - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

Teaching Structures

Constructivist

Whole Language

Balanced or 4 Block

Research

BasedSlide2

Language Arts

Spelling

By

PresenterMedia.com

How Has Spelling Been Taught?

Think about your experiences with spelling.

Talk with your shoulder partner about these experiences.Slide3

Emergent

Letter-Name Spelling

Within Word Spelling

Syllables and Affixes

Derivational Relations Spelling

Turn to page 399 in your text book. Discuss the characteristics of the stages of spelling development. What grade levels would you equate to each stage?What should be explicitly taught at each stage?Can students be in more than one stage at the same time?

Stages of Spelling DevelopmentSlide4

The History of English Explains Spelling

We Spell by Phoneme-Grapheme Correspondence

We Spell by the Position of a Phoneme

We Spell by Letter Pattern

We Spell by Meaning

Spelling PrinciplesSlide5

Timeline Of The English Language

Pre-English Old English Middle English Modern English

54 450 1150 1500

Roman Alphabet Anglo Saxon Norman French

Shakespheare

introduced Beowolf and Latin spoken First Dictionary Nordic Influence by nobles Printing Press Canterberry Tales Renassance infused

Latin and Greek

into English

The History of English Explains SpellingSlide6

Features of Words

Language of Origin

Features of Words

Word Examples

Anglo Saxon

(Old English)

Short,

one-syllable words, sometimes compound

Use of vowel teams, silent letters, vowels, and

diphtongs

in spelling

Words for common, everyday things

Irregular spellings

Sky, earth moon, dog, sheep, coat, brother, hate, love, think, want,

touch, does, were, been, could,

Norman French

ou for /u/Soft c and g when followed by e, i,

y

Special endings such as -

ine

, -

ette

, -

elle

, -

ique

Amuse, cousin, cuisine, country, peace,

triage, rouge, baguette, novice, justice, soup, coupon, nouvelle, boutique

Latin/Romance

Multisyllabic words with

prefixes, roots, suffixes

Content words found in test of social sciences, traditional physical sciences, and literature

Firmament, terrestrial, solar stellar, aquarium, mammal, equine, pacify, mandible, extremity,

maternity, hostility, amorous, deception, reject

Greek

Spellings ph for /f/,

ch

for /k/, and y for /

i

/

Philosophical, mathematical, and scientific terminology

Hypnosis, agnostic,

decathalon

, catatonic, agoraphobia,

chlorophyllSlide7

Language of Origin

Word in English

Language of Origin

algebra

Latin

curriculum

Greek

blitz

Spanish

incommunicado

Italian

cello

French

ballet

Arabic

athlete

GermanSlide8

Phoneme- the smallest unit of sound.

Grapheme- a letter or letter combination that corresponds to or represents a phoneme.(26 letters used individually or in combination to represent the 44 sounds.)

Types of Consonant Graphemes:

Single letters b, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, y, z

Doublets ff,

ll, ss, zzDigraphs th

,

sh

,

ch

,

wh

, ph, ng,

gh, Tri-graphs tch, dge

Consonants in blends s-c-r, th-r, c-l, f-t, l-k (milk), s-t,

Silent-letter combinations kn, wr, gn

, ps, rh, -lm, -lk

(folk), -

mn

, -

st

(Study the chart Frequency of Graphemes for Consonant Phonemes in English)

We Spell by Phoneme-Grapheme CorrespondenceSlide9

Types of Vowel Graphemes:

Single letter (short vowels) a, e, i, o, u (long vowels) e, o, u

Vowel teams (short vowels) ea,

oo

(long vowels)

oa, igh, eigh (diphthongs) oi, ouVowel-r ar

, or,

er

,

ur

,

ir

combinations

Vowel-consonant-e ate, ete, ude, ope,

ive(Study the chart: frequency of Graphemes for Vowel Phonemes in English)

We Spell by Phoneme-Grapheme CorrespondenceSlide10

When do we double f, l, s at the end of the word?

When do we spell /k/ with a c?When do we spell /k/ with a k?When do we spell /k/ with a ck?

When do we spell /s/ with a c?

When do we spell /

ng

/ with an n?When do we spell /ng/ with an ng?When do we use –tch for /ch/?When do we use –ch

for /

ch

/?

(Study the chart: Common Vowel Spellings by Position in the Syllable)

We Spell by the Position of a PhonemeSlide11

Six Syllable Types:

Closed- a syllable with a short vowel, spelled with a single vowel letter ending in one or more consonants.Vowel- Consonant-e- A syllable with a long vowel, spelled with one vowel + one consonant + silent e.

Open- A syllable that ends with a long vowel sound, spelled with a single vowel letter.

Vowel Team- Syllable with long or short vowel spellings that use two to four letters to spell the vowel. Includes diphthongs

oi

and oy.Vowel-r- A syllable with er, ir, or, ar, or

ur

. Vowel pronunciation often changes before r.

Consonant –le- An unaccented final syllable that contains a consonant before /l/, followed by a silent e.

Odd and Schwa syllables- Usually final, unaccented syllables with odd spellings.

We Spell by Letter PatternsSlide12

Place the syllables under the correct heading.

boe

lin

tor pro

gan gle chol oduce tle horn bone vi us ket dicym

bu

or

rec

trom

bal drum board pet harp key trum

ist lead er mus sic

If time, with a partner combine the 17 syllables into music or musical performance terms.Musical Syllables

Closed

VCe

Open

Vowel Team

Vowel-r

C-leSlide13

Consonant Doubling

Drop the Silent eChange y to I

(With your shoulder partner discuss and state the rule)

Spelling Rules for Adding EndingsSlide14

Morphemes- the smallest meaningful parts of words.

May be one syllable (bread, eat, drink)

May be more than one syllable (water, apple, bagel)

Words may contain one or more morphemes. (lobe, ear + lobe,

ear+lobe+s

)We Spell by Meaning