1 What is a neuron 2 What is the nervous system 3 What makes up your nervous system 4 What does your nervous system control MondayTuesday April 8th 2013 Your Learning Goal ID: 778797
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Slide1
Do now
Grade
Brainpop
!
1. What is a neuron?
2. What is the nervous system?
3. What makes up your nervous system?
4. What does your nervous system control?
Slide2Monday/Tuesday, April 8th, 2013
Your Learning Goal
:
Students will be able to explain why people become paralyzed when they break their back using the terms motor neuron, axon, dendrite, and neurotransmitter.Standard: 5a. Levels of organization5b. Students know that organ systems function because of the contributions of individual organs, tissues, and cells. The failure of any part can affect the entire systemTable of Contents: 7.3 Nervous System
Homework:See next page
Agenda:Do-Now: ReadingNotes on neuronsWipe board racesNotes on neuron communicationReflex Activity if timeStart HW if time
Slide3Assignments that must be completed when we return from spring break
Assigned 4/10 or 4/11
Due 4/21 or 4/22
7.02 Musculoskeletal Worksheet and Lever Arm7.1 Be perfect Reading7.1 Be Perfect Webquest7.2 Neuron Brainpop7.3 Nervous System Worksheet7.3 Nervous System Flashcards 18 TermsWill Post an extra credit assignment on the website this weekend. Spent all night in the hospital without internet
Slide4New Vocab Words
Nervous System
Brain
Spinal ChordNerveNeuronCentral Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous SystemNeuronSensory neuronsMotor NeuronsInterneuronsDendriteCell BodyNucleusAxonAxon TerminalsNeurotransmitterSynapse
Slide5Spinal Cord Injury TPS
When someone breaks their back, why do you think they become paralyzed? Why can’t they move from the waste down (paraplegic) or the neck down (quadriplegic)?
I think that people become paralyzed because….
Slide6Levels of Organization: The Nervous System
Our bodies are organized into different sized groups:
-CellsTissuesOrgansOrgan SystemsOrganism (smallest) (largest)-All organisms are made up of cells. -The same cell working together make up tissues. Neurons work together to make nervous tissue!-Groups of tissues make up organs (eye, stomach, brain). Nerves are an organ made up of nervous tissue and other connective tissues.-An organ system is a group of organs that work together (Nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal chord, and nerves).
Slide7What is the Nervous System
Nervous system
: The organ system responsible
for sending and receiving information in the bodyTells muscles to contract and relaxTime to moveInfo from the external environment“IT SMELLS LIKE DINNER IS READY”Info from inside the body“I NEED MORE OXYGEN” BrainSpinal cordNerves
Slide83 Organs OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
1.
Brain
: The ‘control center’ of the body; controls and interprets all information in the body2. Spinal cord: major network of nerves in the body; connects to the brain to the rest of the body. The spinal chord is responsible for sending information from the brain to the rest of the body (and vice-versa)3. Nerve: A group of neurons (and other cell tissues) that carry information from the spinal chord to the rest of the body (and vice-verca)BrainSpinal cord
Nerves
Slide9The nervous system is split into 2 parts
The
Central Nervous System (CNS)
is made up of the brain and spinal cord and its job is to control the entire body.2. The peripheral nervous system is made up of all of the nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system (all of the neurons outside of the brain and spinal cord).CNSCNSPNS
Slide10Check Point: Questions You will see
Which organ of the nervous system connects your brain to the rest of your body?
Which organ of the nervous
systeis the command center of your body?Which organ of the nervous system sends and receives information to your limbs?Which part of the nervous system is your spinal chord in? PNS or CNS?Which part of your nervous system are your nerves in? PNS or CNS?Which part of your nervous system is your Brain in? PNS or CNS?
Slide11A neuron
is a nerve cell. Neurons carry information through the nervous system. Neurons Communicate through electrochemical signals
T
he neuron basic unit of the nervous system and is the cell we are talking about when we talk about nerves.What is a Neuron
Slide121.
Sensory neurons
carry messages from your body to your brain or spinal cord
. (from the spinal cord, the interneurons take the message to the brain) 2. Motor neurons carry messages from your brain to the muscles in your body telling them to contract and move. 3. Interneurons carry messages inside your brain and spinal cord.InterneuronSpinal cord
Receptor in skin
Motor neuronSensory neuronDirection of impulseMuscle contractsWhat are the 3 types of neurons in our bodies:Reflex: Before the brain even gets information from touching the hot bowl, you jerk your hand back. After your reflex, the message makes it to your brain.
Slide13TYPE OF NEURONS CFU
Wipe Board Races!
Slide14What kind of neuron is this?
Carries messages from the brain to muscles in the face, making the baby smile.
Slide15What kind of neuron is this?
Slide16What kind of neuron is this?
Brain sends message to muscles in the leg so that they kick.
Slide17What kind of neuron is this?
Finger sends touch message to neuron which takes the message to the brain.
Slide18What kind of neuron is this?
A neuron that sends information in the brain and spinal cord.
Spinal Cord
Slide19What kind of neuron is this?
Neurons receive a message from Kayne’s brain and take it to the muscles in his face so that he sings.
Slide20What kind of neuron is this?
-Works inside the spinal cord.
Slide21What kind of neuron is this?
Neurons in the dog’s ear send pain message to the brain.
Slide22What kind of neuron is this?
Works inside brain and spinal cord.
Slide23What kind of neuron is this?
Neurons in a man’s hand sends the heat message to the brain.
Slide24What kind of neuron is this?
Slide25What Happens in a relay
How do you think neurons relate to a relay race?
Slide26The nervous system sorts and interprets incoming information before directing a response.
Relaying an impulse
1. Receptors
in the neuron sense a touch.2. Sensory neurons carry the touch message to the brain.3. The brain interprets the message from the sensory neurons. A response is sent to the motor neurons.
4. Motor neurons carry a message back to the muscles in your neck.5. The neck muscles are activated and the neck turns.
Slide27What are the parts of a Neuron (Nerve Cell)?
Dendrites
-
receives chemical messages called neurotransmitters from other neurons. This starts the electrical impulse in the neuron!Cell Body: Holds the Nucleus and other organellesNucleus: Holds the DNA Axon- sends electrical impulses through the neuron (signals)Axon Terminals- : Sends message to another neuron releases neurotransmitters to the dendrites of other neuron (or muscle)
Slide28Slide29CFU Neuron (Nerve Cell)
Slide30Connections between neurons
Dendrite
Axon
ImpulseSynapseImpulse
Dendrite
Axon-Although neurons lie end to end, they do not touch!!!- Synapse: That gape between neurons! -The axon of the presynaptic neuron (the neuron in front of the synapse) sends a neurotransmitter across the synapse to the dendrite of the post synaptic neuron (the neuron after the synapse)
Slide31Neurotransmitter: The baton messenger
A
neurotransmitter
is a chemical that activates (starts) an electrical impulse (wave) in a neuron (or makes a muscle contract for motor neurons).Electrochemical Signal:. Electrical Impulse goes down the axon and gets to the end and releases a chemical signal (the neurotransmitter)
Slide32How do impulses get across the synapse?
Dendrite
Axon
ImpulseSynapseImpulse
Dendrite
AxonAxonDendriteSynaptic spaceWhen an impulse reaches the end of a neuron, the neuron releases neurotransmitters which diffuse, or move, across the gap between the neurons. These neurotransmitters then activate the next neuron.
Slide33How does it all get started?
If neurotransmitters relay the message from neuron to neuron and to the neurons in the brain or cells in the muscle, How do these messages start?
I think the messages start when…
Slide34Cutaneous Receptors
Sensory information is received on the skin by special receptors that start signals in sensory neurons.
These receptors send neurotransmitters to the first dendrite of the sensory neuron!
Mechanoreceptor: Feels pressure Thermoreceptor: Feels temperatureNociceptor: feels pain
Slide35So why can’t someone move their legs when they break
their back?
Slide36Exit Slip
What type of neuron sends a message to your muscles telling it to contract?
What type of neuron send messages other neurons in your body?
What’s the difference between a dendrite and an axon?The dendrite releases neurotransmitters and the axon receives neurotransmitters?The axon releases the neurotransmitter and the dendrite receives the neurotransmitterThe dendrite is an electrical signalThe axon is a chemical signal.
Slide37How does this work?
Slide38Sensory neuron
Direction of impulse
Motor neuron
Flexor muscle contracts and withdraws part being stimulatedPain receptors in skin
Reflexes-Sometimes a stimulus results in an automatic response that you can’t control. This is called a reflex. The
sensory neuron sends a neurotransmitter to a motor neuron in the spinal cord. The motor neuron sends a message to make the muscle contract
Slide39Sensory neuron
Direction of impulse
Motor neuron
Flexor muscle contracts and withdraws part being stimulatedPain receptors in skin
Reflexes in the Somatic Nervous System-Sometimes a stimulus results in an automatic response that you can’t control. This is called a reflex. The sensory neuron sends a neurotransmitter to a motor neuron in the spinal cord.
Slide40Neuron Relay Team