MOUTH Food enters here Tongue and teeth Lips cheeks palate Enzymes released in mouth to start digestion UVULA back of the mouth punching bag Small muscle that lifts to close the passage to the nasal cavities when we swallow ID: 462557
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Slide1
THE ANATOMY OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEMSlide2
MOUTH
Food enters here
Tongue and teeth
Lips, cheeks, palate
Enzymes released in mouth to start digestion
UVULA
– back of the mouth (punching bag)
Small muscle that lifts to close the passage to the nasal cavities when we swallowSlide3
PHARYNX
Part of both digestive and respiratory systems
When we swallow, epiglottis lowers automatically and closes entrance to respiratory tract
Keeps food & liquid down and out of the lungs when you swallowSlide4
ESOPHAGUS
Connects pharynx to stomach and moves food
Located
behind
trachea
TRACHEA
– known as “windpipe”Slide5
STOMACH
J-shaped pocket
Small muscle, called
cardia
, located at junction of esophagus and stomach
Prevents food from travelling back up into the esophagus
Has a lining strong enough to hold up highly acidic environment needed to break down foodSlide6
SMALL INTESTINE
2 cm in diameter
3 m long
3 sections : duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Is folded several times to fit in our bodies
On the inside, it is lined with folds called
villiSlide7
LARGE INTESTINE
No villi here but it is made up of cells that secrete
mucus
MUCUS
– thick substance that lubricates the inner wall of the LI facilitating passage of solid residue
LI is made up of several parts : caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, rectumSlide8
DIGESTIVE GLANDS
Secrete substances that aid in the digestion of foodSlide9
SALIVARY GLANDS
3 pairs that produce saliva, moisten food and make it easier to swallow
Located at the upper and lower maxilla (jaws) and under the tongue
Each day, these glands secrete 1 to 1.5 L of saliva into the mouth!
Saliva plays a role in the digestion of carbs but also has
antibacterial
properties
ANTIBACTERIAL
– prevents growth of bacteriaSlide10
LIVER
Largest internal organ
Performs many tasks such as storing energy
Helps body get rid of toxins/poisons
Produces 1 L of bile each day
GALL BLADDER – located behind liver and is a small pouch that stores bile
Helps digest fats in the food you eatSlide11
PANCREAS
Looks like “corn on the cob”
Secretes over 1 L of pancreatic juices each day
Also secretes insulin which is a hormone that metabolizes sugar (regulates blood-glucose levels)
diabetesSlide12
GASTRIC GLANDS
Are scattered throughout the inner surface of stomach
Produces gastric juices in stomachSlide13
INTESTINAL GLANDS
Located at the bottom of the villi that line the inner surface of the S.I.
Produces even further chemical reaction on its way to L.I.Slide14
APPENDIX
Attached to cecum (L.I.)
Gets inflamed = appendicitis
May be removed
Could die if untreated due to ruptureSlide15
RECTUM
Last part of L.I.
Stores feces until it leaves the bodySlide16
ANUS
Exit point of the Digestive System
Feces leave the body