NSF Workshop on Power ElectronicsEnabled Operation of Power Systems Oct 31 Nov 1 2019 Hariharan Krishnaswami PhD Technology Manager Systems Integration Cuttingedge technology development ID: 815389
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Slide1
Grid-Forming PV Inverter: Opportunities and Challenges
NSF Workshop on Power Electronics-Enabled Operation of Power SystemsOct 31 – Nov 1, 2019
Hariharan Krishnaswami, Ph.D., Technology Manager, Systems Integration
Slide2Cutting-edge
technology development
that drives U.S.s leadership and supports a growing and skilled workforce.
The Solar Energy Technologies Office funds early-stage research and development in three technology areas: photovoltaics, concentrating solar power, and systems integration with the goal
of improving the
affordability
, reliability, and performance of solar technologies on the grid.
Solar Energy Technologies Office
Research and development to address integration of solar to the nation’s electricity grid.
Relevant and objective technical information on solar technologies to stakeholders and decision-makers.
HOW WE DO IT
WHAT WE DO
Slide3SETO Systems Integration Research
The Systems Integration (SI) subprogram supports early-stage research, development, and field validation that advances the
reliable, resilient, secure and affordable
integration of solar energy onto the U.S. electric grid.
Slide4A System Approach for Solar Grid Integration Research
(LT Resource Planning, Day-Ahead Operation, Real-time Operation, Emergency Event Operation)
(PV & Power System Models, State Estimation, Optimal Power Flow, Data Ingestion, Interoperability,
Cybersecurity
, Visualization)
(
Power Electronics, Solar Forecasting, Energy Storage, Data Analytics & Machine Learning, Communication, Control, Sensors, Computing)(Energy, Capacity, Ancillary Services, Essential Reliability Services, Resilience)
Slide5Collaboration across DOE
Systems Integration program also actively participates in the Grid Modernization Initiative, a DOE office-wide initiative
Ref.: U.S
. Department of Energy Grid Modernization Initiative.
https://
energy.gov/under-secretary-science-andenergy/grid-modernization-initiative
Collaboration with DOE Office of
CyberSecurity, Energy Security and Emergency Response Ref.: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability. Multiyear Plan for Energy Sector Cybersecurity. https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2018/05/f51/DOE%20Multiyear%20Plan%20for%20Energy%20Sector%20Cybersecurity%20_0.pdf
Slide6Advanced Power Electronics Design for Solar Applications
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Topic 1 projects focus
on advancing inverter/converter technology that lowers lifetime costs by reducing upfront costs, extending product life, improving efficiencies and lowering manufacturing costs.
Topic 2 projects are
exploring enhanced grid integration capabilities
https://www.energy.gov/eere/solar/advanced-power-electronics-design-solar-applications-power-electronics
Slide77
Solar Energy Technologies Office FY2019 Funding Program
$130 Million for Advanced Solar Energy Research
The U.S. Department of Energy Solar Energy Technologies Office is looking to fund up to 80 projects that lower the cost of photovoltaic and concentrating solar-thermal power technologies, improve grid integration, develop manufacturing solutions, and lower soft costs by reducing regulatory burdens.
Photovoltaics Research and Development
Concentrating Solar-Thermal Power Research and Development Balance of Systems Soft Costs ReductionInnovations in Manufacturing – Hardware Incubator Advanced Solar Systems Integration Technologies
Funding Opportunity Topic Areas
Solar Energy Technologies Office FY2019 Funding Program
Slide8The main objective of this topic is to develop and field-validate next-generation grid-forming smart PV inverters that can collectively establish frequency, maintain voltage magnitude, provide stability, and enable black start in a distribution feeder with high penetration of PV.
Modeling, control, coordination, and field validation of grid-forming PV inverters at scale C
oordinated
control between grid-forming and grid-feeding inverters
Control
tactics for 100% inverter-based generation in resilient microgrids Distributed stability controls integrated with grid-forming PV inverters Studies on performance of grid-forming PV inverters under grid fault scenarios Topic Area 5.3B: Advanced Controls for Grid-Forming Inverters
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Slide9Suggested Metrics in FOA
Field demonstrations should coordinate with more than 20 PV inverters varying mix of grid-following and grid-forming functions with DER instantaneous penetration of 90% or higher frequency variations within ±0.5 hertz under load variations ranging from 10% to 100% of full load at different time scales
Black-start functionality should be able to perform without help from rotating generators
Scalability must be proved theoretically and verified using simulation for different aspects that include more than 100 inverters and more than 1,000 nodes
Demonstrations of particular interest include large-scale testing with multiple grid-forming inverters, DER, and dynamic loads with a combined power rating of more than 100
kilowattsTopic Area 5.3B: Advanced Controls for Grid-Forming Inverters
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Slide10BACKGROUND
SUCCESS
The aim of the proposed project is to develop distributed inverter controllers which provide a low-resistance path from the current inertia-dominated grid paradigm to a future grid paradigm dominated by low-inertia power systems with 100's of GWs of PV integration.
The team
developed new virtual oscillator controls
for set of grid forming inverters with no communications
Analysis of
stability tipping point
under high penetration of grid-following inverters
Testing and Validation of grid-forming inverter controls.Research Roadmap on Grid-forming Inverters (currently in draft)
Awardee Success Story: Stabilizing the Power System in 2035 and Beyond: Evolving from Grid-Following to Grid-Forming Distributed Inverter Controllers 2016-2019
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Team: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, University of Washington, University of Minnesota
Slide11Research Roadmap on Grid Forming Inverters (Draft)
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Total
annual and instantaneous inverter-based wind and solar generation based on power system size (Kroposki 2019).
Joint effort by: National
Renewable Energy
Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia
National Laboratories, University
of Washington, University of Wisconsin, US Department of Energy, Solar Energy Technologies Office
Slide12Hariharan Krishnaswami, Technology Manager
Hariharan.Krishnaswami@ee.doe.gov Solar Energy Technologies Office
Thank you!