ChengXian Lin and Long Phan Florida International University Miami FL 33174 FIU at us Solar decathlon 2005 1 10 Contests Architecture Dwelling Documentation Communications Comfort Zone ID: 256968
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Slide1
FIU Solar House’s Potential Performance: A Study of Natural Ventilation Strategies
Cheng-Xian Lin and Long Phan
Florida International University
Miami, FL 33174Slide2
FIU at u.s. Solar decathlon 2005
1
10 ContestsArchitecture
Dwelling
Documentation
Communications
Comfort ZoneAppliancesHot WaterLightingEnergy Balance1Getting Around
Modular
c
onstruction
The
h
ouse
e
xhibition
FIU Solar House’s demonstration
An overview of the house
All credits to DOE Solar Decathlon (
www.solardecathlon.gov
) & FIU solardecathlon (http://gsl.eng.fiu.edu/webs/SOLAR2004/)
At a glance
Name:
Engawa
Constructed by modules
1/3 glass
PV-integrated windows (projection surface)
Overall standing 13/18Slide3
FIU at u.s. solar decathlon 2011
10 ContestsArchitecture
Market AppealEngineering
Communications
Affordability
Comfort Zone
Hot WaterAppliancesEntertainmentEnergy Balance1
Overview of the house model
All credits to DOE Solar Decathlon (
www.solardecathlon.gov
) & FIU solardecathlon (
www.solardecathlon.fiu.edu
)
Visitors at the exhibition in Washington D.C.
Rooftop solar panels
Aerial view
Top view of the house model
Exterior & interior
2
At a glance
Name:
perFORM[D]ance
Modular design
Open pavillion
Operable louvers/shade
Overall standing: 11/22Slide4
Fiu at solar decathlon china 2013
All credits to Solar Decathlon
China (
http://www.sdchina.org
/
) &
FIU-Tsinghua team(
http://www.thfisdc.com
/
)
Interior
3
Overview of the house model
Rooftop solar panels
3
10 Contests
Architecture
Market Appeal
Engineering
CommunicationsSolar Application3
Comfort Zone
1
Hot Water
1
Appliances
Entertainment
Energy Balance
1
At a glance
Name:
O-house
Modular house
PV louvers
Traditional courtyard
Overall standing: 5/22Slide5
CURRENT activities in solar house 2005
Public Exhibition and Educational Activities
Outreach: Annual Engineering Expo, Engineers on Wheel Visiting by students: undergraduate and K-12Lab toursStudent Projects
Senior design projects
C
ourse projects
Exchange student studies Elise Belleil, EI. CESI, France, Summer 2013Francisco Zevallos, Loughborough/Northumbria University, UK, Fall 2013Research ProjectsReal time temperature and humidity monitoring PV/T technology demonstrationBuilding energy simulation model validation4Slide6
The study of the 2005 solar house modelStudents: Elise
Belleil and Long Phan
The Solar House Model
34’4” x 25’4” x 15’4”
7 typical residential spaces
Total conditioned area 721.15 ft
2Window-to-wall ratio is 45.8 %Rooftop PV panels with tilted angle of 75
o
5
Floor plan of the houseSlide7
Motivations
The benefits of natural ventilation strategiesThe limitations and remedies of energy utilization in hot and humid climatesThe aid
of building energy simulation program providing insights for different strategies
Comparisons of a few natural ventilation strategies to
seek the
most possible solution in terms of thermal comfort and energy reduction
Objectives 7Slide8
Physical model
Total
North
East
South
West
Gross Wall Area (ft
2
)
1682
500.41
449.18
283.09
449.18
Window Opening Area (ft
2)
764.99
360.59
202.25
0
202.25
Gross Window-Wall Ratio (%)
45.48
72.06
45.03
0.00
45.03
Room Type
Area (ft
2
)
Volume (ft
3
)
Conditioned (Y/N)
Electrical Load (W)
Lighting Load (W/ft
2
)
Dining room
120.56
1,297.11
Y
0
1.8
Living room
135.63
1,869.21
Y
1,050
1.8
Bedroom
135.63
1,869.21
Y
840
1.8
Bathroom
78.79
718.30
Y
5,340
1.8
Study room
88.48
986.34
Y
60
1.8
Kitchen
162.43
1,655.90
Y
8,964
1.8
Battery room
19.48
407.53N--Mechanical room30.10N--
8
Typical rooms of the solar house
The 2005 solar house model
Wall and window areas in different surfacesSlide9
Building Energy simulation model
Energy Balance Equation for a room model
Net Zone Load
System Load Equation
9
Simulation Code:
EnergyPlusSlide10
Boundary conditions & materials
Int. Door
Ext. Door
Ext. Windows
Roof
Floor
Ext. Wall
Int. Wall
Layer 1
Wood
Metal surface
Clear glass
Plywood
Metal surface
Cellular Polyisocyanurate - Gas permeable facers
Gypsum board
Layer 2
Insulation board
Air resistance
Polystyrene
(Extruded)
Polystyrene
(Extruded)
Steel frame
Steel frame
Layer 3
Clear glass
Steel frame
Polystyrene
(Molded beads)
Polystyrene
(Molded beads)
Polystyrene
(Molded beads)
Layer 4
Polystyrene
(Molded beads)
Steel frame
Gypsum board
Gypsum board
Layer 5
Gypsum board
Plywood
Miami, FL climate graph
10Slide11
Natural ventilation methods
(a)
(b)
(c)
Natural ventilation methods
Thermal chimney (TC)
Earth tube (ET)
Cool tower (CT)Opening
11
(d)Slide12
Single method results
(a) Annual energy consumption
(b) Total uncomfortable days
Comparison among various natural ventilation systems
12Slide13
Hybrid method results
Comparison among various hybrid cooling systems
(a) Annual energy consumption
(b) Total uncomfortable days
Hybrid system schedule
13Slide14
Systems comparison
Comparison among all cooling systems
14Slide15
Thermal zones comparison
15
Temperature profile of 7 thermal zones at different cooling strategiesSlide16
conclusionVarious natural ventilation
strategies including earth tube, thermal chimney, wind tower, and opening, as well as hybrid strategies are investigated.
Relying on only natural ventilation could cause a dramatic impact to the human thermal comfort.Hybrid systems have revealed the significant reduction in cooling energy consumption while complying with the minimum requirements for thermal comfort recommended by ASHRAE
standards.
Combined thermal chimney and mechanical system (HVAC) method shows relatively better potentials for hot and humid climate such as Miami.
16Slide17
THANK YOU !