International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research - PDF document

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research CC By 045 Tagesu A (2018) Examination of feces. Int J Vet Sci Res s1: 045-050. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.s1.106Life Sciences Group : Manual guidance of veterinary clinical practice and laboratory Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Jimma, uorescence, rst make certain that the nger, the animal will defecate within few minutes [4]. nger, the animal will defecate within few minutes [4]. sheep, goat and dogs, the feces is collected by using index Þ n-amine using the Baermann technique) and Fixed, 10% forma- x- x sam-sam-The procedure how to take feces:* The operator places an obstetrical sleeve on one arm* The arm is formed into a cone and the animal’s tail held to one side with the opposite gloved hand.* Gentle pressure is applied to the anal sphincter until penetration into the rectum is obtained.* A fecal aliquot of sufÞ cient size for the intended nger through the nger. Techniques of fecal examination in veterinary laboratory After fecal sample is collected from domestic animals, it would present to labor

atory for examination. The methods 046 Tagesu A (2018) Examination of feces. Int J Vet Sci Res s1: 045-050. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.s1.106 otation, and gross examinations. The fecal sample can be examined by qualitative (ß otation Flotation examination otation method is more complex otation method is more complex solution, saturated salt solution, saturated sodium nitrate solution, 41% magnesium sulfate solution or 33% zinc sulfate solution. The ß otation method uses the principle that most oat; whereas in the salt oat due to the higher density of the oatation is listed oatation is listed The ß otation method involves the use of a otation solution c gravity, greater than 1.2, such as a salt or oatation, about one gram of feces is taken and lter it through a ne sieve or muslin cloth or oatation, the rst step as oatation is similar, except this method use cial contents of the tube on a clean and dry glass The step of fecal oatation. A. Mix 2 to 5g of feces with approximately otation solution in a disposable cup until the consistency is uniform. B. otation solution to from a slight

positive meniscus; do not over ll cation. 047 Tagesu A (2018) Examination of feces. Int J Vet Sci Res s1: 045-050. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.s1.106 ltered material left on sieve or muslin cloth is oat otation uids normally used for nematode eggs.  Pour the Þ ltered material into a test tube. And allow to ukes are heavy and do not oat on gure cations. oated free of debris before counting. uid Figure 2:animals. 048 Tagesu A (2018) Examination of feces. Int J Vet Sci Res s1: 045-050. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.s1.106 ltrate under a microscope cation rst on the etched lines of the grid, then go down oating just below the top of this method for the extraction of live larval stages of nematode parasites from feces. The Baermann technique is used to isolate lungworm larvae from faecal samples and infective larvae from faecal cultures. It is based on the active migration of larvae from faeces suspended in water and their subsequent collection and identiÞ cation [17]. lter paper. And Equipment required:* Funnel* Funnel stand* Rubber or plastic tubing* Rubber bands* Clamp or sprin

g clip* Cheesecloth * Simple thin stick* Strainer* Microscope* Test tube* Pasteur pipette* Small petridishThe procedure ofbaermann apparatus technique [18] (Figure 4):* First of all, construct the funnel with its standing; Þ t a uid from the stem of the funnel into Macmaster two chamber and equation for egg per gram of feaces. 049 Tagesu A (2018) Examination of feces. Int J Vet Sci Res s1: 045-050. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.s1.106 uid using cation at cations may be required. It is important Take 2-3 ml of saturated solution of benzidine in glacial acid in to small test tube, and then add 2-3 ml of hydrogen peroxide. The feces 2 gm is mixed with distelled water and fecal suspension is poured in the benzidine solution drop by drop. If blood is present in faeses, it would generate blue colour. Many nematode eggs are alike and species such as Haemonchus, Mecistocirrus, Ostertagia, Trichstrongylus, Cooperia, Bunostomum, and Oesophagostomum cannot be clearly differentiated from the eggs in faecal samples. For these parasites, differentiation can be achieved by the use of faecal cultures. They provide a

suitable environment for the hatching and development of helminth eggs into the infective stage (L3).Equipment required for fecal culture: Fork Spoon depressor nely using a mortar and Larvae are identi ed using baermann technique 2. National Veterinary Drug Formulary (2013). Second Edition Department of 3. Tiwari, S., Mitkare, S. A. C. H. I. N., & Bhangale, P. (2014). Veterinary dosage 4. Fowler, M. E. (2010). Chapter 4 Clinical Diagnosis: Examination and Proce-5. Collecting fecal sample. Website at: http://web.uri.edusheepngoat lesFe-6. Introduction to Veterinary Parasitology Laboratory. Website at: 7. Foreyt, W. J. (2013). Veterinary parasitology reference manual.John Wiley & 8. Zajac, A. M., &Conboy, G. A. (2012).Veterinary clinical parasitology.John 9. Hendrix C, robinson E (2012).Common laboratory procedures for diagnosing 10. Blagburn BL, Butler JM (2006): Performing centrifugal fecal otation.Vet Figure 4: The procedure of baermann apparatus technique for, diagnosis of larvae of nema tode like lung worm. A. Place a sieve in a custard dish or other similar container, B &C. Spread about 10grams of feces on

a piece of tissue paper and place it into the sieve, D&E. Place warm water in the custard dish until it just covers the feces, taking care not to disrupt the feces. Allow to sit for at least one hour, f. Lift off sieve, G. I and K. using a pasteur pipet, remover a drop of the sediment at the bottom of the tube and place it on a microscope slide for examination. 050 Tagesu A (2018) Examination of feces. Int J Vet Sci Res s1: 045-050. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ijvsr.s1.106 Serbessa TA. 11. Michael W. Dryden, Patricia A. Payne, Robert K. Ridley and Victorene E. 12. Fecal eggcount.Website:http://goatdocs.ansci.cornell.edu/Resources/ ed mc master’s fecal egg count technique. Website: https://content. ed-mcmasters-fecal-egg-counting-technique14. Sprayberry, K. A., & Robinson, N. E. (2014).Robinson’s Current Therapy in 15. The Southern Consortium for Small Ruminant Parasite Con-16. Veterinary Parasitology.Website at: http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/para-17. Aspinall, R., &Aspinall, V. (2013).Clinical Procedures in Small Animal Veteri-18. Foreyt, W. J. (2001). Veterinary Parasitology Reference Manual, Black well.