Session 3 Group Activity What is grooming As a group create a definition to describe what you think grooming is Grooming is the process that abusive adults use to trick a child or young person into believing that they are trustworthy so that they can be sexually exploited ID: 781029
Download The PPT/PDF document "CSE Awareness Training New Roots Housing..." is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
CSE Awareness Training
New Roots Housing Project
Session 3
Slide2Group Activity – What is grooming?
As a group, create a definition to describe what you think grooming is.
“
Grooming is the process that abusive adults use to trick a child or young person into believing that they are trustworthy, so that they can be sexually exploited
.”
Slide3How?
Slide4The role of technology
Services report a marked increase in the scale of online and mobile abuse since 2010.
Almost all services reported it as an increasing priority, and some have identified that the majority of their service users were initially groomed via social networking sites and mobile technology.
“The use of technology is such a big issue. I hear of young people who post inappropriate pictures of themselves on the internet through the encouragement of others. I hear about grooming of young people by older adults over the internet which progresses onto mobiles. Sexual bullying and threats over the internet and mobiles, we hear about this all the time.”
Barnardo's Service Manager
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide5Sexting
Sexting is the “exchange of sexual messages or images” and “creating, sharing and forwarding sexually suggestive nude or nearly nude images” through mobile phones and the internet.
“When a class of 13-year-olds were asked to raise their hands if they had sent an explicit naked picture of themselves or knew someone who had, the response was shocking. Every child in a Southampton classroom put their hands up.”
Southampton Daily Echo April, 2013
“Anyone aged 18 or older who sends a child aged under 16 emails, text messages, letters or other forms of on or offline communication with sexual intent could be prosecuted.”
Section
67 of the Serious Crime Act 2015
However, as of January 2016 in England and Wales, if a young person is found creating or sharing images, the police can choose to record that a crime has been committed but that taking formal action isn't in the public interest.Crimes recorded this way are unlikely to appear on future records or checks, unless the young person has been involved in other similar activities which may indicate that they're a risk. Find out more about legislation on child abuse images
.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide6Other roles of the internet in CSE
Selling children online for abuse online.
Grooming children online for sexual abuse offline.
Children viewing abusive images of children.
Children viewing adult pornographic images.
Selling children online for abuse offline.
Making abusive images of children.
Viewing abusive images of children.
Access to internet and chat lines.Contact via mobile phones.General criminality.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide7‘Matt Thought He Knew’
CEOP
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=71yvZO7misw
Slide8Who?
Inappropriate relationships, or the boyfriend model, exists where one perpetrator has inappropriate power or control over a young person (physical, emotional or financial).
The perpetrator typically befriends and grooms a young person into a ‘relationship’ and then coerces or forces them to have sex with friends or associates.
One indicator may be a significant age gap.
The young person may also believe they are in a loving relationship.
Some young people are engaged in informal economies that incorporate the exchange of sex for rewards such as drugs, cigarettes, alcohol, money or gifts. Others exchange sex for accommodation or money as a result of homelessness and experiences of poverty. Some young people have been bullied and threatened into sexual activities by peers or gangs which is then used against them as a form of extortion and to keep them compliant
.
Slide9Characteristics of a groomer
Friendly and charming
Good listener
Can identify vulnerability very quickly
Skilful with young people, able to identify with them/act as a
nurturing
figure
Clever
Has access to money/drugs/a place to stay
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide10#ListenToYourSelfie | The Game
Childline
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=TcMd468Pqbs
Slide11‘sickparty trailer’
Claire Hawkins
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=nBDHDne8QWI
Slide12Peer exploitation, gangs & groups
Peer Exploitation
Young people are forced or coerced into sexual activity by peers and associates.
E
xploitation appears to be taking place within age appropriate associations or relationships.
Research within Barnardo's services identified a significant issue with groups of young people hanging around in parks drinking alcohol given by older people or peers, and having sex.
Gang
Mainly comprising men and boys aged 13 – 25 years old, who take part in many forms of criminal activity, such as knife crime or robbery, who can engage in violence against other gang ,and who have identifiable markers such as territory, a name, sometimes clothing etc.
Group
Involves people who come together in person or online for the purpose of setting up, co-ordinating and/or taking part in the sexual exploitation of children in either an organised or opportunistic way.
Slide13Organised exploitation/trafficking
Young people are passed through networks, possibly over geographical distances, where they may be forced/coerced into sexual activity with multiple men.
Often occurs at sex parties, and young people who are involved may be used as agents to recruit others into the network.
This internal trafficking of British children often involves a number of perpetrators and is more sophisticated in the way it is organised. Some of this activity is described as serious organised crime and can involve the buying and selling of young people.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide14‘Losing Control: A Story About Sexual Exploitation’
Childline
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=XasNkfQ5AVM
Slide15Perceptions matter
Recent serious case reviews state that young people need to be listened to and that adults need to take their disclosures seriously.
“Had the needs of these young people been better identified and addressed at an early stage, the risks of later abuse might have been reduced.”
Rochdale Serious Case Review 2012
Many disclosures made to adults saw young people being blamed for sexual exploitation. They were dealt with as ‘rebellious adolescents’ and received criminal convictions for behaviour, rather than dealing with them as victims of abuse.
The perception of young people is the assumption that they are consenting or ‘asking for it’. This is far from a reality, perceptions
n
eed to change.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide16Popular responses
She’s promiscuous
She is prostituting herself
He is making a choice
She’s always doing this
She is putting herself at risk
He’s sexualised
He is over the age of consent/it’s legal
There’s nothing we can doIt’s their boyfriend/ partnerAttention seeking
ManipulativeThey want the money/drugsHe is streetwiseHe is giving consent
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide17What words should we be using?
Vulnerable
Abused
Low self-esteem
Manipulated
Neglected
Hurting
Coerced
InnocentTrustingInexperienced
YoungTesting boundariesLooking for loveScared
At riskActing out past traumaGroomedLearned behaviours
AngryConfusedNeeding attentionWanting to feel grown-up
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide18‘Victim of Child Sexual Exploitation tells her story’
Thames Valley Police
https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hrqR67DUvw&t=8s
Slide19Grooming warning signs
Many are common behaviours
,
but
increased instances
or
changes in behaviour that may be signs of grooming:
Being secretive about who they are talking to and where they are
going.Often returning home late or staying out all night.Sudden changes in their appearance/revealing clothes.Becoming involved in drugs or alcohol, particularly if
supplied by older men or women.Becoming (unusually) emotionally volatile.Using sexual language that you wouldn’t expect them to
know.Engaging less with their usual friends.Appearing controlled by their phone.
Switching to a new screen when you come near the computer.
Slide20Less common behaviours and indicators of exploitation could include:
Being associated with a gang.
Becoming estranged from
family.
Regularly
missing
school.
Associating with older men and women, particularly if they go missing and are being defensive about where they are and what they’re
doing.Possessing items such as phones or jewellery which they couldn’t afford to buy themselves.Having more than
one phone.
Slide21CSE warning signs
You should be aware of the following signs of CSE and abuse:
Young people
regularly suffering from sexually transmitted
infections.
Unexplained
physical injuries such as
bruising.
Mood swings or being emotionally volatile.Self-harm or suicide attempts.
Slide22Why don’t young people tell anyone?
Children may not see it as abuse or dangerous
Too trivial or futile
Shame/embarrassment
Culture of fear/silence
Blame self
Rewards often appear to outweigh the risks
Fear situation would get worse
Children may be involved in other criminal or anti-social activity
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide23Group activity - What draws young people back to their abusers?
As a group, discuss:
Why young people may return to abusive relationships.
Introduction
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide24Returning to exploitation
Fear
Loss of trust in all adults
Low self-esteem
Worry
Feel like criminals
Emotional/psychological distress
Mental health issues, which could include PTSD
Dependant relationship with exploitersFlashbacks, nightmares, anxiety attacks, irritability and other symptoms of stress
A loss of ability to concentratePresent as anti-social, aggressive and angry, and/or fearful and nervous, finding it difficult to relate to others
Grief and loss
IntroductionThe role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide25Challenges for staff
Young people can lead chaotic lifestyles which can be due to a variety of factors including homelessness, domestic violence, drug/alcohol use
Many of them are frequently missing making them difficult to get hold of. Appointments are often missed or cancelled
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide26Challenges for staff
The grooming process creates what we call a willing victim, meaning that the young people often do not realise or accept that they are being sexually exploited. It takes time for young people to accept their own abuse. Young people are likely to get very defensive or refuse to engage with their worker if they see them as being critical of the young person’s ‘boyfriend’
The abusing adult can try and stop the young person from engaging with support services, if they see them as a threat
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide27Challenges for staff
Some young people often have little positive experience of adult support and many are disengaged from all services. They are mistrustful of adults or professionals.
Organisations in the voluntary sector generally find it easier to engage with young people as young people have the choice as to whether or not they wish to engage with the service.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide28It’s not a choice…
Children and young people cannot consent to their own abuse/exploitation.
Consent does not make an unlawful act lawful.
Introduction
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide29What can we do?
Training and awareness for staffMake it
real: “We
are not trying to scare people but nor should we sugar coat the facts
.”
Sammy Woodhouse
Find out what support is available for young people in your area.
Provide
information in a way that young people will identify with.Communicate and share concerns. Find out what the mechanism to do this in your area is.
Slide30Professional Duties
Any person working with under 18’s has a responsibility to:
Safeguard and promote the welfare of children.
Pass on child protection concerns. This includes concerns about young people with whom you may not be working.
It is your responsibility to make the assessment as to whether you suspect a young person is at risk, not the young person’s.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide31Multi-agency working
In order to protect children, all agencies need to adopt a multi-agency approach. This is best practice in managing risk.
We can’t know everything! All agencies hold just one small piece of the jigsaw. It’s only by putting these pieces together that we see the full picture.
Remember, protecting children is the responsibility of adults, not of the children themselves. Sometimes we have to protect children from the consequences of their own free will.
A multi-agency approach is needed to help identify people who pose a risk, which helps with our assessment of the risks to, and the protection of young people.
Introduction
The role of technology
Perceptions and challenges
Supporting young people
Definitions of CSE
Slide32Talking with young people
Explain what CSA/CSE
is and the
risks. Use online tools
and
resources
to help you.
Reassure them that they are believed and how important it is to you.
Make sure they know that they have nothing to be ashamed of – they have done nothing wrong.Help them to keep themselves safe.Be understanding and be aware that there is not necessarily going to be a quick fix – it is often very difficult to walk away from the abuser. For young people who have nothing the rewards can be important particularly drugs/alcohol.Remember, the young people are the victims. Learn
the lessons from Rotherham and other CSE cases.
Slide33Supporting young people
Slide34Further support and advice
www.barnardos.org.uk
www.childrenssociety.org.uk
www.ceop.police.uk
knowaboutcse.co.uk
n
ewrootshousing.org.uk/itsnotok
p
aceuk.infowww.childline.org.uk
www.nspcc.org.uk