.393ISSN 0372-5480Printed in Croatia - PDF document

.393ISSN 0372-5480Printed in Croatia VETERINARSKI ARHIV 83 cacy of topical eprinomectin and permethrin for treatment of sarcoptic mange in dogsTahsin B. Deger, and Kerem Ural*Department of Internal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, Isikli, Aydin-TurkeyDEGER, T. B., K. URAL: Comparable cacy of topical eprinomectin and permethrin for treatment of sarcoptic mange in dogs. Vet. arhiv 83, 393-402, 2013. cacy of topically applied eprinomectin and permethrin for treatment of naturally occuring sarcoptic mange in dogs. A total of 24 dogs of various made by identifying skin scrapings. All cases were subjected to scoring of the relevant signi cant clinical signs study. Dogs in group I (n = 9) received 0.5 mg/kg eprinomectin (5 mg/mL) topically once a week, and group Dogs in group III (n = 7) did not receive any treatment and were left as the control. All the scoring results were statistically evaluated on day 0 and 70, and revealed eprinomectin as the most effective group for evaluating 100% of dogs in the eprinomectin group, while permetrin was not effective where cure was evident in 2 out of 8 cases. In conclusion, topically applied eprinomectin was highly effective against naturally acquired infestation by combined assessment of skin scrapings, scoring of skin lesions and clinical signs in comparison IntroductionSarcoptes scabiei var. canisSCOTT et al., 2001Sarcoptes mites belong to a genus consisting of a single heterogeneous Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kerem Ural,Adnan Menderes University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Isikli 09016, Aydin, Turkey, Phone: +90 532 382 1244; E-mail: uralkerem@gmail.com Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogsThe ease of administration of avermectin compounds makes them an effective option SCOTT et al., 2001 pronil (CURTIS, 1996; CURTIS, 2004CARLOTTI and BENSIGNOR, 2002; CURTIS, 2004; GHUBASH, 2006FOLZ et al., 1984; CURTIS, 2004; GHUBASH, 2006), and despite encouraging results, the potential side effects and poor cacy may be observed for most of those drugs.SHOOP and SOLL, 2002 cacy against a wide range of external parasites in cattle (SHOOP et al., 1996; REHBEIN ). The activity of eprinomectin in a 0.5% formulation for topical administration Sarcoptes mite infestations has been reported in previous studies and under eld BARTH et al., 1997; REHBEIN et al., 2003). Effective treatment of scabies is of zoonotic spread. Therefore the aim of the present study was to compare the ef cacy topical permethrin for the treatment of naturally occuring Twenty-four dogs were included, referred with histories breeds (1 Siberian Huskey, 1 Terrier, 1 Anatolian shepherd, 3 hunting dogs, 1 Labrador retriever, 1 Boxer, 1 Çoban and 15 crosbreds), aged 1-9 years. The study protocol was approved by the institutional laboratory animals ethics committee of Adnan Menderes written consent was obtained from all of the dogs’ owners prior to enrolment of the dogs participating in study. For wellfare reasons and ethical conditions, the dogs involved in completion of the study. ammatory drugs in the 30 days before the study. Throughout the study period, each Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogscrusting). All animals were clinically scored, similar to the scoring obtained for horses Prior to enrollment in the study, the dogs had to have infestation, as assessed by the determination of live mites (larva, nymph then the lesion was scraped until capillary bleeding was evident. The obtained scraping n liquid and microscopically examined for live mites, and when necessary the samples were cleared with potassium hydroxide. The data were Therapy protocoles. pour on, Merial, France) at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg topically in a spot on the skin on each animal’s back, lotion, Ali Raif, Turkey) at a dosage of 20 mg/kg topically in the same manner onto the skin on each animal’s back respectively. Group III (n = 7) were left as control and no treatment was applied.Wilcoxon test, for intragroup comparison, and by the Kruskal Wallis test between groups. cance was evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis test, differences among gorups cant if Pwere given as mean ± standard error and median, respectively.Clinical examination results. ank, abdominal skin, elbow, legs and tail. Lesions were were observed in others (Table 1). Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogs able 1. Localisations of skin lesions among naturally infected dogs with Sarcoptic mange Table 1. Localisations of skin lesions among naturally infected dogs with Sarcoptic mange prinomectin Eprinomectin roup I Group I ace Face eriocular Periocular rea Area ar Ear hin Chin eck Neck ead head upranasal Supranasal runk Trunk bdomen abdomen ront Front eet feet ind Hind eet feet ottom Bottom eg leg pper Upper eg leg lbow Elbow ip Hip ail Tail eneralized Generalized - 1- + + + + + + + - 2- + + + + + - 3- + + + + + + + + - 4- + + + + + + + - 5- + + + - 6- + - 7- + + + + + + - 8- + + + - 9- + + + + + + + ermethrin Group II Permethrin Group II - 1- + + + + + + + - 2- + + + + - 3- + + + + + + + + + - 4- + + + + + + + + + - 5- + + + + + + - 6- + + - 7- + + + + + + + + - 8- + + + + + + + + + ontrol Group III Control Group III - 1- + + + + - 2- + + + + + + + + + + + - 3- + + + + + - 4- + - 5- + + + + + - 6- + + + + + + - 7- + + + Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogs cacy. remission was observed, whereas by day 70 2 (25%) out of 8 dogs showed recovery, naturally occuring sarcoptic mange in dogs. There were clear reductions in the severity cacy for therapy. Table 2. Descriptive statistics of median scoring values before roup GroupNWilcoxon test resultsKruskal-Wallis test results 0. day70. day value P value value (day 0) P value (day 0)P value (day 70)Median Alopecia Score Eprinomectin Eprinomectin92.000 .007 0.007 .703 0.703 ermethrin Permethrin81.751.00 .018 0.018 ontrol Control71.752.00 .078 0.078Median Erythema Score prinomectin Eprinomectin91.75 .008 0.008 .011 0.0110.007 ermethrin Permethrin81.40 .051 0.051 ontrol Control71.00 .080 0.080Median Hyperpigmentation Score prinomectin Eprinomectin91.000 .018 0.018 .383 0.383 ermethrin Permethrin81.420.46 .028 0.028 ontrol Control71.631.75 .180 0.180Median Puriritus Score prinomectin Eprinomectin92.000 .007 0.007 .119 0.119 ermethrin Permethrin81.770.80 .038 0.038 ontrol Control71.852.16 .042 0.042Median Crust score prinomectin Eprinomectin91.660 .012 0.012 .075 0.075 ermethrin Permethrin81.140.20 .017 0.017 ontrol Control71.001.00 .593 Values referred as median. : refers to statistical differences among groups on same days. Different superscripts cant differences (according to Mann-Whitney U test using Bonferroni Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogsScoring results over the study period. All scores were presented as median values (Table 2). In terms of clinical recovery, eprinomectin (P)fective group, as shown in Table 2, after therapy on day 70. The median scores of various signs/ cant differences compared to the baseline values in cantly lower scores were observed only in the eprinomectin group after therapy �.01;&#x was;&#x the;&#x mos;&#xt ef;.1;cant changes (P0.05) �.01;&#x was;&#x the;&#x mos;&#xt ef;.1;cant changes among the median scores (P0.05). Table 3. Ef cacy of eprinomectin against naturally acquired infestation of Sarcoptes scabiei GroupCase No.Day 0Day 28Day 70PresentAbsentPresentAbsentPresentAbsent prinomectin 9901809 ermethrin 8806244 ontrol 7705261. At the pre-treatment assessment on day 0, live mites (adult moreover on day 70, four cases still demonstrated live mites (Table 3). Live mites were The ease of administration of avermectin compounds makes them an effective option encouraging results, potential side effects may be observed with most of those drugs ). Therefore, there is clearly an almost continuous need to evaluate new Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogsEprinomectin at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg weekly for 1 month maintained effective and Psoroptes equi URAL et al., 2008Psoroptes cuniculi received topical eprinomectin at a dosage of 0.5 mg/kg and it was partially effective in the treatment (ULUTA et al., BARTH et al., 1997, WARNICK et al., 2002). Available evidence suggested in the literature prompted the present study, as the ef cacy of topically applied eprinomectin was the present study. Comparatively, permethrin only resulted in clinical and parasitological cant reduction in the severity of median alopecia scores in 8 out of 9 cases in the eprinomectin group on days 14 and 21. In terms of clinical recovery, cant differences (P)Taking into account the clinical remission on day 70 after therapy, the eprinomectin group was the most effective. After day 28 no live mites were recovered from skin scrapings in 100% of the eprinomectin treated respectively, whereas no clinical or parasitological cure was observed among the control Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis’ presume that development ARLIAN, 1989; ARLIAN et al.,1989WALL and ). It is also known that survival off the host is up to 10 days or less, and ARLIAN, 1989; ARLIAN et al.,1989). Taking PAN et al., 2006from eggs either present at the time of therapy or laid after therapy by unaffected mites) and clinical signs in the present study. It was therefore possible to kill adult mites, besides killing any larvae hatching from eggs, as well as to prevent re-infection of mites off the Eprinomectin has been tested and shown to be safe and effective against endo- and ecto-parasites in several animal species. The results of the present study presented here Vet. arhiv 83T. B. Deger and K. Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogsindicate that weekly administration of eprinomectin for a month is highly effective in dogs, with no adverse effects or recurrence after the last administration, when compared to permethrin. The combined assessment of have shown that eprinomectin may be safely and effectively used as a treatment protocole This study was summarized partially from the master thesis of T. B. Deger, under the mentorship of Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kerem URAL, and was funded by Adnan Menderes University Research Projects Funding Unit, with Project number VTF-11027ReferencesARLIAN, L. 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Ural: Topical eprinomectin and permethrin treatment for sarcoptic mange in dogsDEGER, T. B., K. URAL: Usporedna uVet. arhiv 83, 393-402, 2013.SAŽETAKSarcoptes scabiei što se može zaklju