Hal Johnson MPH Florida Substance Abuse Program Office and the FSU Florida Center for Prevention Research June 4 2012 Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Omaha Nebraska Background ID: 173947
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Alcohol use and binge drinking among Hispanic/Latino subculture youth, and the differences in the affect of acculturation
Hal Johnson, MPH
Florida Substance Abuse Program Office and the
FSU Florida Center for Prevention Research
June 4, 2012
Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists
Omaha, NebraskaSlide2
BackgroundRisky behaviors vary among different races/ethnicitiesHispanic ethnicity is a growing portion of the US population
Many programs/interventions have been developed to reduce risky behaviors, including underage drinking, among Hispanic youth.Slide3
BackgroundHowever, most of these programs don’t distinguish between Hispanic subcultures
Spanish, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Central American and other Hispanic cultures, while sharing some aspects, are different
Examining differences between these subcultures in the US is challenging for several reasonsSlide4
BackgroundChallenges
Immigration patterns - limited diversity of Hispanic subcultures in most areas
Underage drinking – limited age range means limited population
Few databases include information on ethnicity at a level lower than “Hispanic”Slide5
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
Annually since 2000
Even years – County level (~60,000)
Odd years – State level (~8,000)
Grades 6 through 12
Based on Communities That Care SurveySlide6
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
How do you describe yourself? (You can choose one answer, or more than one)
American Indian/Native American or Alaska Native
Asian
Black/African American
Spanish/Hispanic/Latino
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
White/Caucasian
OtherSlide7
Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey
Which one of these ethnic groups BEST describes you? (Choose only one answer)
Central American (Guatemalan, Nicaraguan, Honduran, for example)
Cuban or Cuban American
Dominican
Mexican or Mexican American
Puerto Rican
Other Hispanic, Latino or Spanish origin
Haitian
West Indian or Caribbean
None of theseSlide8
Florida Youth Substance Abuse SurveyConsistent differences by race/ethnicity
Whites use at the highest rate
Black youth use at lowest rate
Hispanic youth use at a slightly lower rate than non-Hispanic Whites
Similar results from other school based surveys such as Monitoring the FutureSlide9
Florida Youth Substance Abuse SurveySlide10
Florida Youth Substance Abuse SurveySlide11
Hispanic Youth Population Trend
* Source: Florida Office of Economic and Demographic Research (Age 10-17)Slide12
Florida youth Ethnicity (FYSAS)Slide13
Hispanic Subcultures among Florida youth (FYSAS)Slide14
Data ConsiderationsUse even year data
Exclude 2000
Changes made in race/ethnic variables
Compare each year for variations
Combine years
Weight to adjust for sample sizeSlide15
Population Proportion Across YearsSlide16
Combined Dataset Ethnicities
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic
Total N
2002
10,467
52,467
62,934
2004
12,140
48,205
60,345
2006
12,684
43,668
56,352
2008
20,343
70,351
90,694
2010
16,563
56,234
72,797 Combined72,197270,925343,122 Slide17
Past-30-day Alcohol UseSlide18
Binge DrinkingSlide19
Odds Ratios
Reference Group:
Non-Hispanic White
Control Variables:
Age
Gender
Mother’s education
Father’s educationSlide20
Acculturation
“Acculturation … is now commonly viewed as a multidimensional process in which one maintains aspects of their culture of origin while also adopting elements of the new cultural group.”
Coatsworth
and Maldonado-Molina. J Community Psychol. 2005. 33(2).Slide21
AcculturationAcculturation has been implicated as a risk factor for substance use and other unhealthy behaviors
1990 to 2000 Hispanic Population Growth*
50% increase in # American-born Hispanics
81% increase in # born in other countries
In 2000, 40% of all Hispanics and 54% of southern US Hispanics were foreign born*
*Saenz, R. www2.asanet.org/public/saenz_brief.pptSlide22
AcculturationLength of time in the US related to less acculturationLanguage spoken at home is reasonable proxy for length of time in US and acculturation
FYSAS has one question on language spoken at homeSlide23
AcculturationFYSAS question:
What is the language you use most often at home?
English
Spanish
Another LanguageSlide24
Language Spoken at HomeSlide25
Past-30-day Use and Binge Drinking by Language Spoken at Home – All Hispanic YouthSlide26
Odds Ratios – Language Spoken at Home
OR Group:
Speak Spanish at Home
Reference Group:
Speak English at Home
Control Variables:
Age
Gender
Mother’s education
Father’s educationSlide27
Past-30-Day Alcohol Use by Language Spoken at HomeSlide28
Binge Drinking by Language Spoken at HomeSlide29
Odds Ratios – Language Spoken at Home
OR Group:
Speak Spanish at Home
Reference Group:
Speak English at Home
Control Variables:
Age
Gender
Mother’s education
Father’s educationSlide30
SummaryAll Hispanic youth in Florida drink and binge drink at a rate between NH-Whites and NH-Blacks
But there are differences among the Hispanic subcultures
Central American youth less likely to drink or binge than others
“Other Hispanic” youth more likely to drink or binge than others
Mexican youth more likely to binge than othersSlide31
SummaryHispanics speaking Spanish at home less likely to report past-30-day use, but not binge drinking
Subculture differences:
Cuban, Mexican and Puerto Rican youth show past-30-day acculturation affect
Central American and Mexican youth show binge drinking acculturation affect
No other significant differencesSlide32
ConclusionsFYSAS provides an excellent opportunity to investigate AOD use and other risky behavior among Hispanic subpopulations
Large and growing Hispanic youth population
More diverse Hispanic population than most states
Annual youth survey with large N and useful ethnicity and acculturation questionsSlide33
Conclusions
Hispanic youth are not homogeneous
There are differences in alcohol use and binge drinking among subcultures
There are differences in the affect of acculturation on likelihood to drink or binge drink
Taking subculture into account can add to the effectiveness of targeted prevention programs