Age Control Precision amp Accuracy Radiometric Age Techniques Radioactive Decay Radiocarbon Argon Isotopes Uranium Series Fission Track Luminescence Electron Spin Resonance Cosmogenic Nuclides ID: 462558
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GEOL 553 LECTURE 23
Age ControlPrecision & AccuracyRadiometric Age TechniquesRadioactive DecayRadiocarbonArgon IsotopesUranium SeriesFission TrackLuminescenceElectron Spin ResonanceCosmogenic NuclidesShort Lived Nuclides
Incremental Age
Techniques
Dendrochronology
Varve Chronology
Lichenometry
Speleothems
Age Equivalent Stratigraphic Markers
Paleomagnetism
Magnetostratigraphy
Tephrochronology
Oxygen Isotopes
Relative Chronology ~ Chemical Alteration
Amino Acids
Fluorine, Uranium, Nitrogen
Obsidian Hydration
Rock Weathering
PedogenesisSlide2Slide3Slide4Slide5
The spontaneous change of an unstable nuclide into another is radioactive decay. The unstable nuclide is called the parent nuclide; the nuclide that results from the decay is known as the daughter nuclide. The daughter nuclide may be stable, or it may decay itself. The radiation produced during radioactive decay is such that the daughter nuclide lies closer to the band of stability than the parent nuclide, so the location of a nuclide relative to the band of stability can serve as a guide to the kind of decay it will undergo
http://cnx.org/contents/9abb7cd9-d0b3-4131-bf8b-7a582e07fcaf@2/Radioactive-DecaySlide6Slide7Slide8
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Table_isotopes_en.svg
http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Nuclear_Chemistry/Components_of_the_NucleusSlide9Slide10Slide11Slide12Slide13Slide14Slide15
Branching decay of
40K. Conversion of atoms of 40K to 40Ca through the emission of a β particle from the nucleus. Conversion of 40K to 40Ar through electron capture by the nucleus from one of the atomic orbitals. Slide16Slide17
Methods of measuring
palaeodose (DE) after the natural TL intensity of a sample (N) has been established. In the additive method, different aliquots of the sample are irradiated in the laboratory at increasing intensities of irradiation and the corresponding TL properties measured. In the regenerative method, aliquots of the sample are initially bleached to low radiative intensities and then progressively irradiated by known amounts, with corresponding TL values noted. Method b can be applied using multiple or single
aliquots (single
aliquot regeneration, or SAR) of a sample. Slide18
Cross-cut
of a tree trunk showing seasonally differentiated growth rings, reflecting variations in wood cell density. X-ray negatives of wood surfaces can be magnified and analyzed using a high-resolution microdensitometerThe optical density of the X-ray negatives is inversely proportional to wood density, as illustrated schematicallySlide19
Age profile of cross-matched tree-ring series from Finnish
Lapland for the period AD 1200 –160 BC, showing part of the record with many overlapping tree-ring series. Slide20Slide21Slide22Slide23Slide24Slide25Slide26Slide27Slide28Slide29Slide30Slide31Slide32Slide33Slide34Slide35Slide36Slide37Slide38Slide39Slide40Slide41Slide42Slide43Slide44Slide45Slide46Slide47Slide48Slide49Slide50Slide51Slide52Slide53Slide54Slide55Slide56Slide57Slide58Slide59Slide60Slide61Slide62Slide63Slide64Slide65Slide66Slide67