Assumptions The NHS is increasingly struggling but the principle of universal access to care is a good thing O besity and diabetes are increasing over time Will present some statistics on obesity ID: 618761
Download Presentation The PPT/PDF document "Obesity: statistics, economics, politics" is the property of its rightful owner. Permission is granted to download and print the materials on this web site for personal, non-commercial use only, and to display it on your personal computer provided you do not modify the materials and that you retain all copyright notices contained in the materials. By downloading content from our website, you accept the terms of this agreement.
Slide1
Obesity: statistics, economics, politicsSlide2Slide3
Assumptions
The NHS is increasingly struggling, but the principle of universal access to care is a good thing.
O
besity and diabetes are increasing over time
Will present some statistics on obesity
In 2011, NHS
annual spending on diabetes
was £
9.8
billion
Diabetes spending expected to increase to
£16.9 billion over the next 25
years. This would mean
17
% of its entire budget on
diabetes
.
”
(Diabetes UK)
These are problems that need to be addressedSlide4
(Sturm et al 2002)
Obesity and SmokingSlide5
Health Costs of Extreme Obesity
Table:
Class III obesity (BMI of >40 kg/m2
)
associated with an increased rate of death.
Heart disease, cancer, and diabetes
are responsible
for most of the excess deaths among people with class III obesity
By comparison, cigarette
smoking
associated with an estimated 8.9 y of life lost (95% CI: 8.6–9.3).
Kitahara
et
al (2014) Slide6
Economic Costs
In
2006-7, costs to NHS (Scarborough et al, 2011):
Smoking £3.3
billion
Alcohol £
3.3
billion
Overweight
and obesity
£5.1 billion. Slide7
1993-1995
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide8
1995-1997
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide9
1998-2000
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide10
2000-2002
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide11
2002-2004
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide12
2004-2006
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide13
2006-2008
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2012 Ordnance Survey 100020290
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide14
2009-2011
Males
Females
© Crown copyright and database rights 2013 Ordnance Survey 100016969
Adult obesity: BMI ≥ 30kg/m
2
Prevalence of obesity in adults (aged 16+)
Source: Health Survey for EnglandSlide15Slide16
Change4Life
Change4Life Campaign
is the
social marketing
part of the Healthy Weight, Healthy
Lives cross
-governmental strategy for England.
Social marketing attempts to convince individuals to follow their suggestions
Spent £25
million
per yearTargets: Logo recognition and awareness at 88%
(how many people do you think recognise the logo of Coca-Cola?)How much does Coca-Cola (only 1 company) spend?
£2.13billion
spent globally in 2011Slide17
Industry ‘Self-Regulation’
Department of Health: An update on the government’s approach to tackling obesitySlide18
Traffic Light Labels
Green, amber, red for good, okay, bad
Better information for consumersSlide19
‘Choose Choice’?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEyzfhkbF-
8
Choosing choice rather than choosing intervention, choosing health.
Choice implicitly means nonintervention.
We are not talking about choices, we are talking about abnegation of governmental control and responsibilitySlide20
Public Health or Ideology?
A future vision for the
NHS: ‘Patients and citizens will also need to play a greater part in the health system;
they can start by taking prevention seriously
’
(
Lancet
:
Sood
, 2014)
‘In line with the Government’s core values of freedom, fairness and responsibility…we will favour interventions that equip people to make the
best possible choices for themselves, rather than removing choice or compelling change’Hands-off approach to industry: UK
Govt
Responsibility Deal has pledges that
businesses are encouraged to sign up toSlide21
Closing
Why
have 2
decades of knowledge and policy
failed?
Should Health be
marketised
?
Citizens as
consumers
Attempts to de-politicise the public realm: ‘we just can’t afford it’
Discursive effectSlide22
References
Gatineau M, Hancock C, Holman N,
Outhwaite
H,
Oldridge
L, Christie A, Ells
L (2014) Adult
obesity
and type
2 diabetes. Oxford: Public Health
England.
Kitahara
CM et al (2014) Association between Class III Obesity (BMI of 40–59 kg/m2) and Mortality: A Pooled Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies. PLOS Medicine; Vol. 11, Issue 7.
Scarborough
P,
Bhatnagar
P,
Wickramasinghe
K,
Allender
S, Foster C, Rayner M (2011) The
economic burden of ill health due to diet, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol and obesity in the UK: an update to 2006–07 NHS
costs.
J Public Health; Vol
. 33, No. 4:
527-535
.
Sood
S
,
Maruthappu
M, Keogh B (2014) A
future vision for the NHS: the case for
change.
Lancet
; Vol. 384
, No.
9954: 1551
–
1552.
Sturm
, Roland and Kenneth B.
Wells (
2002
) The
Health Risks of Obesity: Worse Than Smoking, Drinking or Poverty. Santa Monica, CA: RAND
Corporation.
http://
www.rand.org
/pubs/
research_briefs
/RB4549
.