PDF-(BOOK)-Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics (Oxford Library of Psychology)

The past two decades have seen unparalleled developments in our knowledge of the brain and mind However these advances have forced us to confront headon some significant ethical issues regarding our application of this information in the real world whether using brain images to establish guilt within a court of law or developing drugs to enhance cognition Historically any consideration of the ethical legal and social implications of emerging technologies in science and medicine has lagged behind the discovery of the technology itself These delays have caused problems in the acceptability and potential applications of biomedical advances and posed significant problems for the scientific community and the public alike for example in the case of genetic screening and human cloning The field of Neuroethics aims to proactively anticipate ethical legal and social issues at the intersection of neuroscience and ethics raising questions about what the brain tells us about ourselves whether the information is what people want or ought to know and how best to communicate it A landmark in the academic literature the Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics presents a pioneering review of a topic central to the sciences and humanities It presents a range of chapters considering key issues discussion and debate at the intersection of brain and ethics The handbook contains more than 50 chapters by leaders from around the world and a broad range of sectors of academia and clinical practice spanning the neurosciences medical sciences and humanities and law The book focuses on and provides a platform for dialogue of what neuroscience can do what we might expect neuroscience will do and what neuroscience ought to do The major themes include consciousness and intention responsibility and determinism mind and body neurotechnology ageing and dementia law and public policy and science society and international perspectives Tackling some of the most significant ethical issues that face us now and will continue to do so over the coming decades The Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics will be an essential resource for the field of neuroethics for graduate students and postdoctoral fellows basic scientists in the neurosciences and psychology scholars in humanities and law as well as physicians practising in the areas of primary care in neurological medicine. oxacuk Website wwwophiorguk OPHI gratefully acknowledges support from research councils nongovernmental and governmental organisations and private benefactors For a list of our funders and donors please visit our website wwwophiorguk ATIONAL MULTIDIM Positive Psychology Positive Psychology Progress: Empirical Validation of Interventions Five years have passed since the devoted its millennial issue to the emerging science of positive psychology: According to the American Psychological Association:. “[Psychologists] study . the intersection of two critical relationships: one between brain function and behavior, and another between the environment and behavior. As scientists, psychologists follow scientific methods, using careful observation, experimentation and . According to the American Psychological Association:. “[Psychologists] study . the intersection of two critical relationships: one between brain function and behavior, and another between the environment and behavior. As scientists, psychologists follow scientific methods, using careful observation, experimentation and . According to the American Psychological Association:. “[Psychologists] study . the intersection of two critical relationships: one between brain function and behavior, and another between the environment and behavior. As scientists, psychologists follow scientific methods, using careful observation, experimentation and . Ever wondered what it\'s like to study at Oxford University? Former student and famous blogger Tilly Rose, a.k.a. \'that Oxford girl\', gives you all the insider tips on what to expect at one of the world\'s top universities.Follow Tilly as she steers you through everything - from applying to Oxford, choosing a college, and preparing for interviews, to college life, the different societies and student events on offer, and coping with study commitments.This is a fun and accessible guide, packed full of quirky illustrations and beautiful photographs of the colleges and the city itself, giving you a truly unique insight into what it\'s really like to be a student at Oxford University. Oxford EAP prepares learners to study effectively in English at university level, whatever their chosen subject, from pre0sessional courses to postgraduate research.The course integrates the four main skills and academic language, and features authentic texts from academic and higher education books published by Oxford University Press. The accompanying DVD-Rom contains both video and audio content, including extracts from real lectures by Oxford University academics, plus student presentations, and seminar discussions.Oxford EAP also provides practical help in developing essential skills for academic study, such as critical thinking, effective note-taking, citation and referencing, and essay-writing. Learners are encouraged to study independently, and to apply the course content to their chosen discipline.Oxford EAP is accompanied by a Teacher\'s Handbook with extensive methodology notes, ideas for additional activities, and full answers to all tasks. Whether you�re a high school student, already in college, a parent, or an adult returning to school, this guide can help you thoroughly and easily research all available financial aid options, narrow your search to those that are a good fit for you, and make the best attempt possible at applying for them. Within these pages, find ways to plan and save for the high cost of college tuition how to look for schools that are less expensive yet offer everything an expensive school might when and how to fill out forms for loans, grants, and scholarships how to get the government to help you tips on applications and essays and much more. This unique guide emphasizes the help that your local library can be in this process, using its reference materials, the Internet, and the advice of experienced researchers. This is a book that can help change your life. The Oxford Handbook of Rehabilitation Medicine is designed to provide concise information on rehabilitation aspects of long-term medical conditions affecting adults. The book has two sections, one on clinical symptom-specific approaches and another on condition-specific approaches. Theclinical approach section outlines the management of common symptoms encountered in rehabilitation settings. The section on specific conditions provides information that will enable the reader to put the symptoms in context with the condition and provide direct management in a comprehensive andholistic manner.As the practice in rehabilitation goes beyond dealing with condition specific symptoms and is more focused on problem solving, the handbook provides a solid grounding in managing common practical problems in functions such as mobility, cognition, sex, relationships and work productivity. Theconditions covered include neurological, musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, cardiac, pulmonary, cancer, vascular, trauma and burns. The latest advances from the field of orthotics, prosthesis, wheelchairs, technical aids and rehabilitation technology are included. The content and layout within eachchapter and handbook as a whole attempt to capture all the aspects of WHO ICF biopsychosocial model for health conditions.This Handbook, although aimed at medical doctors in the specialist area of Rehabilitation Medicine (also known as Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine in some countries), will prove useful to other members of the multidisciplinary rehabilitation team such as physiotherapists, occupationaltherapists, nurses, psychologists, speech and language therapists, dieticians, support workers and any other allied healthcare professionals working in rehabilitation of chronic conditions. The Handbook will also appeal to doctors in the related specialties like Neurology, Orthopaedics and Trauma, Palliative Medicine, Geriatrics, Pain Medicine and Sports and Exercise Medicine. Business schools, the media, the corporate sector, governments, and non-governmental organizations have all begun to pay more attention to issues of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in recent years. These issues encompass broad questions about the changing relationship between business, society and government, environmental issues, corporate governance, the social and ethical dimensions of management, globalization, stakeholder debates, shareholder and consumer activism, changing political systems and values, and the ways in which corporations can respond to new social imperatives. This Oxford Handbook is an authoritative review of the academic research that has both prompted, and responded to, these issues. Bringing together leading experts in the area, it provides clear thinking and new perspectives on CSR and the debates around it.The Handbook is divided into seven key sections:* Introduction, * Perspectives on CSR, * Critiques of CSR, * Actors and Drivers, * Managing CSR, * CSR in Global Context, * Future Perspectives and Conclusions.About the SeriesOxford Handbooks in Business & Management bring together the world\'s leading scholars on the subject to discuss current research and the latest thinking in a range of interrelated topics including Strategy, Organizational Behavior, Public Management, International Business, and many others.Containing completely new essays with extensive referencing to further reading and key ideas, the volumes, in hardback or paperback, serve as both a thorough introduction to a topic and a useful desk reference for scholars and advanced students alike. While neuroscience has provided insights into the structure and function of nervous systems, hard questions remain about the nature of consciousness, mind, and self. Perhaps the most difficult questions involve the meaning of neuroscientific information, and how to pursue and utilize neuroscientific knowledge in ways that are consistent with some construal of social \'good\'. Written for researchers and graduate students in neuroscience and bioethics, Scientific and Philosophical Perspectives in Neuroethics explores important developments in neuroscience and neurotechnology, and addresses the philosophical, ethical, and social issues and problems that such advancements generate. It examines three core questions. First, what is the scope and direction of neuroscientific inquiry? Second, how has progress to date affected scientific and philosophical ideas, and finally, what ethical issues and problems does this progress and knowledge incur, both now and in the future? Intimate and medicalized, natural and technological, reproduction poses some of the most challenging ethical dilemmas of our time. Reproduction presses the boundaries of humanity and ethical respect, the permissible limits of technology, conscientious objection by health care professionals, and social justice. This volume brings together scholars from multiple perspectives to address both traditional and novel questions about the rights and responsibilities of human reproducers, their caregivers, and the societies in which they live.Among issues treated in the volume are what it is to be a parent, the responsibilities of parents, and the role of society in facilitating or discouraging parenting. May gamete donors be anonymous? Is surrogacy in which a woman gestates a child for others ethically permissible when efforts aremade to prevent coercion or exploitation? Should it be mandatory to screen newborns for potentially serious conditions, or permissible to sequence their genomes? Are both parties to a reproductive act equally responsible to support the child, even if one deceived the other? Are there ethicalasymmetries between male and female parents, and is the lack of available contraceptives for men unjust? Should the costs of infertility treatment be socially shared, as they are for other forms of health care? Do parents have a duty to try to conceive children under the best circumstances they can-- or to avoid conception if the child will suffer? What is the status of the fetus and what ethical limits constrain the use of fetal tissue?Reproduction is a rapidly changing medical field, with novel developments such as mitochondrial transfer or uterine transplantation occurring regularly. And there are emerging natural challenges, too, like the Zika virus. The volume gives readers tools not only to address the problems we now know, but ones that may emerge in the future as well. A survey of the emerging field of neuroethics that calls for a multidisciplinary, pragmatic approach for tackling key issues and improving patient care.Today the measurable health burden of neurological and mental health disorders matches or even surpasses any other cluster of health conditions. At the same time, the clinical applications of recent advances in neuroscience are hardly straightforward. In Pragmatic Neuroethics, Eric Racine argues that the emerging field of neuroethics offers a way to integrate such specialties as neurology, psychiatry, and neurosurgery with the humanities and social sciences, neuroscience research, and related healthcare professions, with the goal of tackling key ethical challenges and improving patient care. Racine provides a survey of the often diverging perspectives within neuroethics, offers a theoretical framework supported by empirical data, and discusses the neuroethical implications of such issues as media coverage of neuroscience innovation and the importance of public concerns and lay opinion nonmedical use of pharmaceuticals for performance enhancement and the discord between intuitive notions about consciousness and behavior and the scientific understanding of them.Racine proposes a pragmatic neuroethics that combines pluralistic approaches, bottom-up research perspectives, and a focus on practical issues (in contrast to other more theoretical and single-discipline approaches to the field). [He discusses ethical issues related to powerful neuroscience insights into the mechanisms underlying moral reasoning, cooperative behavior, and such emotional processes as empathy.] In addition, he outlines a pragmatic framework for neuroethics, based on the philosophy of emergentism, which identifies conditions for the meaningful contribution of neuroscience to ethics, and sketches new directions and strategies for meeting future challenges for neuroscience and society.Basic Bioethics series Real understanding of past societies is not possible without including children, and yet they have been strangely invisible in the archaeological record. Compelling explanation about past societies cannot be achieved without including and investigating children and childhood.However marginal the traces of children\'s bodies and bricolage may seem compared to adults, archaeological evidence of children and childhood can be found in the most astonishing places and spaces. The archaeology of childhood is one of the most exciting and challenging areas for new discovery aboutpast societies. Children are part of every human society, but childhood is a cultural construct. Each society develops its own idea about what a childhood should be, what children can or should do, and how they are trained to take their place in the world. Children also play a part in creating thearchaeological record itself.In this volume, experts from around the world ask questions about childhood - thresholds of age and growth, childhood in the material culture, the death of children, and the intersection of the childhood and the social, economic, religious, and political worlds of societies in the past.