Kamala Jordan C Jenae R Taylor V Hunter B Hindu Beliefs 4 goals of human life Dharma Kama Artha Moksha Dharma The moral balance of all things Order and customs which make life and universe possible ID: 796059
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Slide1
The Four Purusarthas
“
Kamala”
Jordan C.
Jenae
R.
Taylor V.
Hunter B.
Slide2Hindu Beliefs (4 goals of human life)
Dharma
Kama
Artha
Moksha
Slide3Dharma
The moral balance of all things
Order and customs which make life and universe possible
The noun dharma derived from the word root “
dhr
” means “to hold, maintain, keep”.
Other
definitons
:
Right way of living
Path of righteousness
Duty
Moral law
Slide4Dharma
Non-violence
Law and Justice
Personal Behaviors
Duties
Rituals and Rites of Passage
Slide5Dharma
"Dharma means the intrinsic nature of a thing. Just like the dharma of sugar is sweetness and the dharma of water is wetness. The dharma of the living being is to
render service
to God. Therefore everyone serves God without fail, either directly or indirectly. The devotees serve Him directly and the non-devotees serve Him indirectly."
Slide6Kama
Broader sense- means desire/longing
Narrow sense- Sexual desire
Both Buddhism and Hinduism consider this as the root cause of human suffering.
Slide7Kama (Vedes)
Concept of Kama is known to be found in Vedas.
Ex) book 10 of Rig Veda describes the creation of the universe from nothing by the great heat. There in hymn 129, it states:
काम
स्तदग्रे
समवर्तताधि
मनसो
रेतः
परथमं यदासीत |
सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन हर्दि
परतीष्याकवयो मनीषा ||
[10]“Thereafter rose Desire in the beginning, Desire the primal seed and germ of Spirit,
Sages who searched with their heart's thought discovered the existent's kinship in the non-existent.”—Rig Veda
, ~ 15th Century BC[11]
Slide8Kama (Upanishads)
Brhadaranyaka
Upanishad(one of the oldest Upanishads of Hinduism),uses the term
kama
as any desire:
Man consists of desire (
kāma
),
As his desire is, so is his determination,
As his determination is, so is his deed,Whatever his deed is, that he attains.—
Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad
, 7th Century BC[12]
Slide9(Kama)la – Hindu Goddess of Love
A very high prices Indian Courtesan, trained in the art of love. Siddhartha lusts for her love (
Desires her sexually)
, but she will not be with him.. Due to the fact of his dirty cloths and not being clean.
He needs to earn money in order to pay for her services.
Slide10(Kama)la
Slide11Kama -Courtesan
High class call girls
Taught about love
Cost a lot
Desired by all
Only those of certain standing could have them
Slide12Kama- Courtesan
Slide13Artha
Definitions:
Wealth
Money
Possessions
Worldly Prosperity
Profit
Attainment of riches
(powerful urge in human nature)
Slide14Artha
The efforts of means to realizing this goal: must have a righteous and moral basis.
(lawful means)
Siddh
/
artha
Sidd
= achieved
Artha = what was searched for“he was has found meaning of existence”.
Slide15Artha
In order for Siddhartha to get Kamala, he must find
A
rtha
(wealth).
Slide16Moksha (Nirvana)
Salvation
Freedom
Liberation from rebirth
Emancipation
Release
State of changeless bliss
Appears in Upanishads as “
Mucyate
”
Slide17Moksha
It is achieved by living a life of
Religious devotion
Moral integrity
No interest in worldly things,
Can be lifetimes on the wheel of life till
Moksha
(Nirvana) is achieved.
Reward: release from
samsara and union with God.
Slide18Moksha senses
Eschtological
:
Connects to freedom from
Samsara
, the cycle of death, and rebirth.
Epistemological:
connects freedom, self-realization, and self-knowledge.
Concept is found in Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism.
Slide19Moksha
“It
was through me the Creator himself gained liberating knowledge,
I am being,
conciousness
, bliss, eternal freedom: unsullied, unlimited, unending.
My perfect consciousness shines your world, like a beautiful face in a soiled mirror,
Seeing that reflection I wish myself you, an individual soul, as if I could be finite
!”
“A
finite soul, an infinite Goddess - these are false concepts,in the minds of those unacquainted with truth,
No space, my loving devotee, exists between your self and my self,Know this and you are free. This is the secret wisdom.”
—Sarasvati Rahasya Upanishad,
Slide20Moksha
Slide21Works Cited (URLS)
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dharma>
<http://www.sparknotes.com/lit/siddhartha/section2.rhtml>
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kama>
<https://www.google.com/search?site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1347&bih=719&q=Kamala&oq=Kamala&gs_l=img.3..0l10.1607.2921.0.3506.6.3.0.0.0.0.385.1116.3-3.3.0....0...1ac.1.42.img..3.3.1109.DrlLdyhTMzg#q=
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253D640%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fjourneyingtothegoddess.wordpress.com%252F2012%252F08%252F26%252Fgoddess-kamala%252F%3B500%3B362>http://www.online-literature.com/hesse/siddhartha/http://www.online-literature.com/hesse/siddhartha/http://www.online-literature.com/hesse/siddhartha
/http://www.online-literature.com/hesse/siddhartha/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moksha