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Hearing Voices: Hearing Voices:

Hearing Voices: - PowerPoint Presentation

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Hearing Voices: - PPT Presentation

A SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONist perspective 15 TH June 2012 s allymcmanuscommlinkscouk PERCEPTION POWER PERSPECTIVES Sally McManus MSc Mental Health Leeds Metropolitan University 2011Supervisor ID: 412938

social voices voice hearing voices social hearing voice constructed perspectives power psychiatry psychology people berger luckmann constructionism world truth socially nature dominant

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Slide1

Hearing Voices:A SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONistperspective

15

TH

June 2012

s

ally.mcmanus@commlinks.co.ukSlide2

PERCEPTION

POWER

PERSPECTIVESSlide3

Sally McManus MSc Mental Health Leeds Metropolitan University 2011(Supervisor : B.Penson)BSc (Hons) Social Science (Sociology and Social Psychology) University of Bradford 1996Care Coordinator at aspire, Leeds Early Intervention in psychosis service (3 years)Previous diagnosis of psychosisEx-voice hearerSlide4

ValuesHonesty, openness, straightforwardness, clarity, individuality, respect, equality, equilibriumVoice hearing as normal and everydayVoice hearing as amazing, serving a purpose, not necessarily terrifyingWhite British, female, middle class upbringing, late 30’s, single, no dependantsSympathetic to psychiatry and psychology Use of Critical Psychiatry and Critical Psychology perspectivesSlide5

AIMSDefinitions of voices/social constructionismUse theory to explore how voices are constructed in WestDiscuss dominant discourses (psychiatry and psychology)Power, perceptions and perspectivesIdeas for practiceResearch potentialSlide6

WHAT IS IT LIKE TO HEAR VOICES?DiscussionSlide7

Voice HearingVoices, sounds, music, noisesExternal or unknown source/mind of hearerPsychiatry: auditory hallucination/symptomMagical, terrifying, empowering, destructive, wonderful, annoying, incredible, hateful, personal Continuum, normal, everyday experienceSlide8

Social ConstructionismBeliefs developed about the world, objects, phenomena and peopleThat are not defined by nature (Berger and Luckmann (1966, 1991)“Nothing is real unless we agree that it is” (Gergen and Gergen 2004)Nature has no life of its own (Searle 1995)

Creates doubt and encourages reflection on assumptions/beliefs and ideologiesSlide9

Voice hearing and social constructionismBerger and Luckmann : voice hearing as unnatural phenomena. Voices use language: language is socially constructedSearle: everything socially constructed Potential for both social constructionist perspectives to theorize voice hearingAssumption that voice hearing is socially constructed in societySlide10

Berger and Luckmann“Man is biologically predestined to construct and inhabit a world with others. This world becomes for him the dominant and definite reality. Its limits are set by nature, but, once constructed this world acts back upon nature. In the dialectic between nature and the socially constructed world the human organism is itself transformed. In this same dialectic man produces reality and thereby produces himself.”Slide11

Berger and Luckmann Object becomes apparent with different discourses around itNo ultimate truthCommunication with others, and voicesOmnipotence: why?Construct clashes: with whom?Slide12

Discourses and powerPsychiatryPsychologyMediaGovernment (MHA)Religion/spiritualDominant social constructionsMultiple perspectives necessary: choiceSlide13

Romme and EscherVoices as inner commentator to alert us to problemsVoices not problemCoping researchConstruct/FormulationSlide14

FoucaultWriting at a similar time to Berger and LuckmannFrench philosopher/historian/sociologistGeneological approachPost-structuralist school (not soc construct)

Looks at “madness” (not voices specifically)

Looks at notions of “truth” and “power”

Political/moral/cultural/time/space/placeSlide15

Perception“If illusion can appear as true as perception, perception in its turn can become the visible, unchallengeable truth of illusion.” (Foucault)Imagination, perception and reality?Voice hearer is subject where truth is sought and power overlooks and operates uponUltimate truth out of reachSlide16

PowerHistorical approachFoucault and social constructionismMeans whereby truth constructed and inconsequential whether factually correctFoucault as empiricist – flawed?Medicine as dominant perspectiveLaw as overarching controlling body (Government)Slide17

PERSPECTIVES MedicalPsychologicalSocialSpiritualOtherSlide18

Medical perspectiveUs and themLanguageMedicationTreatments in historyConcept of mental illness/diagnosisSuppression of symptomsContinnuum perspectiveMany truths and realities around voicesSlide19

PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVEProblem in psychology of individual and result of life events?Therapy as a means of social control?Definitions of “normality” and acceptabilitySlide20

Social model of disability Voice hearing as a disability?Adaption to society (medication)Society adapting to voices hearing experience? (acceptance)Anti-stigma campaignsSlide21

In practiceAcceptingUnderstandingNormalisingTalking about voicesCBT approach/Romme and Escher Maastricht InterviewHearing Voices groups via HVNProviding choice about how to make sense (perspectives)Allowing people to reach own conclusions about voices

Helping people cope with voices (strategies)Slide22

RESEARCH QUESTIONSAre relationships that people have with their voices similar to the relationships that people have with people they know?What is the relationship between voices and self esteem/low mood?Why are voices omnipotent?Slide23

ConclusionVoice hearing is constructed socially, within and without a complex set of power dynamics, diversely, across time, culture and space.Slide24

ConclusionsMany ways of constructing voices within society currentlyPsychiatry holds dominant discourseContinuum perhaps more valuable discourseAcceptance and non-stigmatisingCampaigns and researchSocial constructionism as refuting itselfSlide25

QUESTIONSSlide26

DISCUSSIONYou meet someone who tells you they hear voicesWhat would you say/do/ask in order to show ACCEPTANCEUNDERSTANDINGACKNOWLEDGEMENTVALIDATIONSlide27

REFERENCES Berger and Luckmann “ The Social Construction of reality”McManus (unpublished) MSC DissertationFoucaultINTERVOICE website/ HVN websiteRomme and EscherRon Coleman