A Cataloguer’s Journey on the Road to FRBR - PowerPoint Presentation

Slide1

A Cataloguer’s Journey on the Road to FRBR*May 19, 2009Thomas BrenndorferGuelph Public Librarytbrenndorfer@library.guelph.on.ca* FRBR = Functional Requirements for Bibliographic RecordsSlide2

Guelph Public LibrarySlide3

The blind men and the FRBR elephantSlide4

OPACs – 1984AuthorTitleSubjectSlide5

The cataloguer’s opportunity:The use of technology in the organization of bibliographic informationThe cataloguer’s dilemma:New kinds of bibliographic resources in the age of technology Slide6

AACR2 Cataloguing BasicsAACR2 Part I – Description – “item in hand”AACR2 Part II – Access – “finding and gathering”Slide7

Introduction to AACR2 Part II“The rules in Part II apply to works and not to physical manifestations of those works, though the characteristics of an individual item are taken into account in some instances.”“Enter the work

by one personal author under the heading for that person.”Slide8

AACR2 General Introduction“In Part II the rules are based on the proposition that one main entry is made for each item described, and that this is supplemented by added entries.”Slide9

The main entry – record for an item:Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941.Mrs. Dalloway / Virginia Woolf.San Diego : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, [1985], c1925.296 p. ; 19 cm.

Woolf, Virginia, 1882-194

1. Mrs. Dalloway

The main entry – citation for a work:Slide10

Identifying the workTolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald Reuel), 1892-1973. The annotated Hobbit / J.R.R. Tolkien.Slide11

The uniform titleTolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald Reuel), 1892-1973. [Hobbit] The annotated Hobbit / J.R.R. Tolkien.Slide12

The SEE referenceTolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald Reuel), 1892-1973. Annotated Hobbit See Tolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald

Reuel),

1892-1973. HobbitSlide13

LC Control Number: n 79102640HEADING: Tolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald Reuel), 1892-1973. Hobbit000 00727cz a2200181n 450001 3290766005 20050924071350.0008 790910n| acannaabn |a aaa010 __

|a n 79102640 |z n 87841451

035 __ |a (OCoLC)oca00334715

040 __ |a DLC |b eng |c

DLC |d DLC |d InU |d WaU

100 1_

|a

Tolkien, J. R. R.

|q

(John Ronald

Reuel

),

|d

1892-1973.

|t

Hobbit

400 1_

|a

Tolkien, J. R. R.

|q

(John Ronald

Reuel

),

|d

1892-1973.

|t

Annotated Hobbit

400 1_

|a

Tolkien, J. R. R.

|q

(John Ronald

Reuel

),

|d

1892-1973.

|t

Hobbit, or, There and back again

670 __ |a Buchholz, S. The Middle-earth quiz book, 1979 (subj.)670 __ |a The hobbit, or, There and back again, 1984.670 __ |a The hobbit, or, There and back again, c1997.

The authority recordSlide14

100 1_ |a Mast, Edward.245 10 |a J.R.R. Tolkien’s The hobbit : |b an adventure play / |c adapted by Edward Mast.246 30 |a Hobbit260 __ |a Woodstock, Ill. : |b

Dramatic Pub., |c c1996.

300 __ |a 53 p. ; |c 19 cm.

500 __ |a "Based upon the work, The hobbit, by J.R.R. Tolkien."--P. 2.700 1_

|a Tolkien, J. R. R. |q (John Ronald

Reuel

),

|d

1892-1973.

|t

Hobbit.

The related work added entrySlide15

100 1_ |a Arthur, Sarah.245 10 |a Walking with Bilbo : |b a devotional adventure through the Hobbit / |c Sarah Arthur.260 __ |a Wheaton, Ill. : |b Tyndale House Publishers, |c 2005.

300 __ |a xxii, 194 p. ;

|c 21 cm.504 __ |a Includes bibliographical references (p. [192]-194).

600 10 |a Tolkien, J. R. R.

|q (John Ronald Reuel),

|d

1892-1973.

|t

Hobbit.

The subject added entrySlide16

Hyperlink to authority-controlled heading for a work Slide17

Book on CD version of The Hobbit(No link to 100 + 245 combination in an OPAC)100 1_ |a Tolkien, J. R. R. |q (John Ronald Reuel), |d 1892-1973.245 14 |a The hobbit |h [sound recording] / |c J.R.R. Tolkien.

260__ |a St. Paul, Minn. : |b HighBridge, |c p2001.

300__ |a 4 sound discs (4 hr., 30 min.) : |b digital ; |c 4 3/4 in.Slide18

Maxwell’s Guide to Authority Work“The title proper (combined with the author’s name, if any) in fact is the uniform title of the work...” 100 1_ |a Tolkien, J. R. R. |q (John Ronald Reuel

), |d 1892-1973

.245 14 |a The hobbit

Implication:The bibliographic record can function as the authority record for the work.

Maxwell, Robert L. Maxwell’s Guide to Authority Work. ALA, 2002Slide19

OPACs – 1994General KeywordAuthor BrowseAuthor KeywordTitle BrowseTitle Keyword

Subject Browse

Subject Keyword

Series Browse

Series Keyword

ISBN/ISSN

LCCN

Barcode

Dewey Number

System NumberSlide20

Problem: Different Authorities forDifferent Indexes“Virginia Woolf” is in the author index“Virginia Woolf” is in the subject indexSlide21

Multiple Use Authorities in Horizon

Main or added entry

Subject

Series

Use codes:Slide22

1997 International Conference on the Principles and Future of AACR2,TorontoThe introduction of FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records) and a spotlight on bibliographic relationships.Slide23

“Bibliographic Relationships”Paper presented by Sherry L. Vellucci at the 1997 Toronto Conference.http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/200/300/jsc_aacr/bib_rel/r-bibrel.pdf“Bibliographic relationships exist when bibliographic entities— i.e., any instances of recorded knowledge— are associated with each other in some way.”Slide24

Vellucci’s Bibliographic Relationships, continued ...“...it is important to understand the types of relationships that exist in the bibliographic universe as they have been identified to date, and the means currently used for identifying and linking bibliographic records for related bibliographic entities.It is also crucial to have a contextual understanding of this topic as it relates to the functions of the catalog; the functions of the bibliographic record; the concept of the work; the concepts of main entry, added entries, and references; bibliographic and authority record structure; and

catalog design.”Slide25

Barbara Tillett’s Taxonomy of Relationships (1987)Equivalence RelationshipsDerivative RelationshipsDescriptive RelationshipsWhole-Part RelationshipsAccompanying RelationshipsSequential RelationshipsShared Characteristic RelationshipsSlide26

The 1990 Stockholm Seminar on Cataloging was held because of ...the mounting costs of cataloguing and the concomitant desire for cataloguing simplification; the proliferation of electronic, multimedia, and computer related materials and the challenges these pose for both description and access; the increasing drive to economize in cataloguing by reducing duplicate efforts, nationally and internationally, and the associated need to define a core level standard to support the cooperative use of records;

the exploding bibliographic universe and the continual need to effect better universal bibliographic control;

the continuing pressures to adapt cataloguing practices and codes to the machine environment.

http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla60/60-tilb.htmSlide27

Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic RecordsIts mission was to develop a framework that identifies and clearly defines:the entities of interest to users of bibliographic recordsthe attributes of each entitythe types of relationships that operate between each entitySlide28

FRBR – starting pointsFRBR uses the entity-relationship model to analyze the bibliographic recordFRBR assigns values on bibliographic data in terms of user needs (based on traditional user tasks – find, identify, select, obtain)FRBR defines three entity groups (Groups 1, 2, 3)

FRBR Final Report, 1998http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr_current_toc.htmSlide29

FRBR Group 1 EntitiesWorkExpressionManifestation

ItemSlide30

Group 2 Entities and their Relationships to Group 1 EntitiesPerson or Corporate Body...Creates a WorkRealizes an ExpressionProduces a ManifestationOwns an ItemSlide31

Relationships vs AttributesRELATIONSHIPManifestation entity is produced by Publisher entity (MARC field 710 - added entry)ATTRIBUTEManifestation entity has attribute Publication statement

(MARC field 260 $b)Slide32

Group 3 EntitiesConceptObjectEventPlace ... have subject relationships with Works.Slide33

Subject Relationships and Groups 1, 2, and 3http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s13/frbr/frbr_current3.htm Slide34

VTLS and FRBRBlinn College Library, Brenham, Texas http://poseidon.vtls.com:8000/cgi-bin/gw_xyz/chameleonSlide35

Subjects Linked at the Work LevelSlide36

2003 proposals for the next edition of AACRIncorporate FRBR concepts and terminologyIncorporate concept of authority controlhttp://www.rda-jsc.org/docs/annrep03.pdfSlide37

LibraryThing and the “work”All LibraryThing books belong to a "work," a cross-user and cross-edition concept designed to improve social contact, recommendations and cataloging quality.

“Link to a page, not to a search.” Tim Spalding, Creator of

LibraryThingwww.librarything.comSlide38

LibraryThing – Link to a page for Virginia WoolfSlide39

OCLC WorldCat Identitieshttp://orlabs.oclc.org/identities/Slide40

OCLC FictionFinderhttp://fictionfinder.oclc.org/Slide41

AustLit Sample Pagehttp://www.austlit.edu.au/helpSlide42

AustLit work summarieshttp://www.austlit.edu.au/helpSlide43

The Scarlet Letter – “FRBRized” with SyndeticsICESlide44

ISTC – International Standard Text Code“An ISTC does not ‘belong’ to a single author/publisher; rather, it ‘belongs’ to the work it identifies. This means that the same ISTC number should be used to identify the same content even when it is being published by a different publisher and/or in a different publication format.”MARC tag: 024 7_ $a ISTC 0A9-2002-12B4A105-6 $2

istc

(http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2010/2010-dp03.html)

http://www.istc-international.org/html/all_about_istc.aspxSlide45

AACR3 Part I – Description [2004]Section A – General RulesA1 General Rules for DescriptionA2 Resources Issued in Successive PartsA3 Integrating ResourcesSection B – Supplementary Rules Applicable to Specific Types of ContentB1 TextB2 MusicB3 Cartographic Resources

B4 GraphicsB5 Three-Dimensional Resources

B6 SoundB7 Moving ImagesSection C – Supplementary Rules Applicable to Specific Types of Media

C1 Print and Graphic MaterialC2 Micrographic MediaC3 Tactile MediaC4 Three-Dimensional Media

C5 Audio MediaC5 Projected Graphic, Film, and Video MediaC6 Digital Media

Part II – Choice of Access Points

and

Part III – Form of Access PointsSlide46

RDA 2005-2007 – Resource Description and Access RDA 2005 Part IChapter 1 General Guidelines on Resource DescriptionChapter 2 Identification of the ResourceChapter 3 [Technical Description/Carrier – delayed for study of GMD/SMD]Chapter 4 Content DescriptionChapter 5 Information on Terms of Availability, Etc.Chapter 6 Item-Specific InformationAppendix D Presentation of Descriptive Data

RDA 2006

Part I (Resource Description) + Part 2 (Relationships) becomes Part A; Part III (Access Point Control) becomes Part BPart A Chapter 6 - Related Resources

Part A Chapter 7 - Persons, Families, and Corporate Bodies Associated with a ResourceThen later in October 2006, Chapters 6 and 7 flipPart A Chapter 6 - Persons, Families, and Corporate Bodies Associated with a Resource

Part A Chapter 7 - Related ResourcesSlide47

RDA 2007 – the new organization appearsRecording attributes Section 1. Recording attributes of manifestation and item Section 2. Recording attributes of work and expression Section 3. Recording attributes of person, family, and corporate body

Section 4. Recording attributes of concept,

object, event, and place

Recording relationships Section 5. Recording primary relationships between work, expression, manifestation, and item Section 6. Recording relationships to persons, families, and corporate bodies associated with a resource

Section 7. Recording subject relationships Section 8. Recording relationships between works, expressions, manifestations, and items Section 9. Recording relationships between persons, families, and corporate bodies Section 10. Recording relationships between concepts, objects, events, and places Slide48

Enter the Authorized Access Point“The term authorized access point refers to the standardized access point representing an entity. The authorized access point representing a work or expression is constructed using the preferred title for the work preceded by the authorized access point representing a person, family, or corporate body responsible for the work, if appropriate.”Woolf, Virginia, 1882-1941. Mrs. DallowaySlide49

Conventions for Recording Relationships Between WorksIdentifier for the related workFinding aid: http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/14192 Resource described: Andrews, Emery E., 1894-1976. Emery E. Andrews papers, 1925-1969. Archival collection of papers and related materials

Authorized Access Point Representing the Related Work

Parody of: Tolkien, J. R. R. (John Ronald Reuel), 1892-1973. Lord of the rings

Resource described: Bored of the rings : a parody of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The lord of the rings / by Henry N. Beard and Douglas C. Kenney of The Harvard lampoon

Structured Description of the Related WorkHas sequel: Scarlett : the sequel to Margaret Mitchell’s Gone with the wind / by Alexandra Ripley. — New York, NY : Warner Books, 1991

Resource described: Gone with the wind / by Margaret Mitchell. A sequel to Mitchell’s novel, Scarlett, by Alexandra Ripley, was published in 1991

Unstructured Description of the Related Work

Inspired by themes from the music of George Butterworth.

Contains letters to Mrs. Wells and Gabrielle Gissing.

Kept up to date between editions by annual supplements.

Finding aid available in the repository and online.Slide50

RDA Appendix JSample of work relationship designatorsDerivative Work Relationshipsbased on (work) abridgement of (work) abstract of (work) adaptation of (work)

dramatization of (work)motion picture adaptation of (work)

novelization of (work)radio adaptation of (work)radio script based on (work)

screenplay based on (work)television adaptation of (work)verse adaptation of (work)

video adaptation of (work) choreography for (work) digest of (work)

expanded version of (work)

free translation of (work)

imitation of (work)

parody of (work)

libretto based on (work)

musical arrangement of (work)

musical setting of (work)

musical variations based on (work)

paraphrase of (work)

remake of (work)

summary of (work)

derivative (work)

abridged as (work)

abstract (work)

adapted as (work)

dramatized as (work)

novelization (work)

screenplay for the motion picture (work)

screenplay for the television program (work)

screenplay for the video (work)

script for the radio program (work)

verse adaptation (work)

basis for libretto (work)

choreography (work)

digest (work)

expanded as (work)

freely translated as (work)

imitated as (work)

parodied as (work)

musical setting (work)

musical variations (work)

paraphrased as (work)

remade as (work)

summary (work)Slide51

MARC Proposal No. 2009-06/1 –Relationship Designators for RDA Appendix J245 00 $a Triumph : $b for concert band / $c by Michael Tippett.500 ## $a “A paraphrase of music from The mask of time.” ISWC T-010.304.108-2

.

700 1# $

i paraphrase of (work) $a

Tippett, Michael, $d 1905-1998. $t Mask of time.

100 1# $a Ravel, Maurice, $d 1875-1937.

240 10 $a Orchestra music. $k Selections

245 10 $a Orchestral works $h [sound recording] / $c Maurice Ravel.

505 0# $a Boléro -- La valse -- Rapsodie espagnole ...

700 12

$

i

contains (work)

$a Ravel, Maurice, $d 1875-1937. $t Bolero, $m orchestra.

700 12

$

i

contains (work)

$a Ravel, Maurice, $d 1875-1937. $t Valse.

700 12

$

i

contains (work)

$a Ravel, Maurice, $d 1875-1937. $t Rapsodie espagnole.

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-06-1.htmlSlide52

Conventions for recording work relationships– more examples...MARC Update 10245 00 $a Triumph : $b for concert band / $c by Michael Tippett.700 1# $i paraphrase of (work) $a Tippett, Michael, $d 1905-1998. $t Mask of time.User display:Triumph : for concert band / by Michael

Tippett.

Paraphrase of Tippett, Michael, 1905-1998. Mask of time.780 example

780 00

$t TCA journal $x 1556-4223 $w(DLC) 93645762 $w (

OCoLC

) 26906768

http://www.loc.gov/marc/bibliographic/bdx00.html

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/module8.pptSlide53

RDADatabase Implementation Scenarioshttp://www.rda-jsc.org/docs/5editor2.pdfTom Delsey, RDA editor

Three potential implementation scenarios for RDA.Slide54

Scenario 3 – Flat fileSlide55

Scenario 2 – LinkedSlide56

Scenario 1 – Relational databaseSlide57

FRAD – Functional Requirements for Authority Recordshttp://www.ifla.org/VII/d4/wg-franar.htmBibliographic Entity

User tasks:

find; identify; contextualize (clarify relationship between entities, and between name and entity);

justify (document the authority record creator’s reason for choosing the name or form of the name on which an access point is based). RDA replaces “contextualize” and “justify” with “clarify” and “understand.”Slide58

FRSAD – Functional Requirements for Subject Authority DataWORK has subject THEMA(THEMA is anything that can be the subject of a work, including other FRBR entities)THEMA has appellation NOMEN

(NOMEN is a term used to refer to any symbols by which a THEMA is known, referred to or addressed)

User tasks: find; identify

; select; explore relationships between entities, correlations to other subject vocabularies and structure of a subject domain

http://www.ifla.org/VII/s29/pubs/wgfrsar-committee-report-quebec2008.pdf Slide59

FRBR hits a triple.A “triple” is a statement about a resource.Examples:THEMA <> HAS APPELATION <> NOMENWORK <> HAS CREATOR <> PERSON

http://www.ebsi.umontreal.ca/isko2008/documents/abstracts/zeng.pdfSlide60

The Semantic Web“The semantic web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries.”http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/

Original 2001 Scientific American article:

http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=the-semantic-web&print=trueSlide61

Dublin Core Metadata Initiative and RDA: New GoalsThe registration of the RDA element vocabulary (each element has a URI– a “uniform resource identifier” which builds a namespace) http://dublincore.org/dcmirdataskgroupThe creation of an “application profile” – schemas that combine elements from one or more namespaces to optimize a local application Article on application profiles:

http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue25/app-profiles/Slide62

A tale of two “resources”RDA – Resource Description and Access A “resource” is the focus for a bibliographic description. When we catalogue with RDA, we record the entities, attributes and relationships found in the resource.ZOOM OUT TO THE CATALOGUED RESOURCERDF – Resource Description FrameworkEach entity, element, relationship, and role is a “resource”– parts of logical statements (called

triples) which collectively constitute a “description set”.

When we replace plain text values in a triple with URIs (uniform resource identifiers), we link data and controlled vocabulary to create the Semantic Web.

ZOOM IN TO EACH VALUE IN A TRIPLESlide63

DCMI Registry for RDA Appendix JRelationship Designatorshttp://metadataregistry.org/schemaprop/list/schema_id/13.htmlSlide64

The Registered “Based on (work)” Elementhttp://metadataregistry.org/schemapropel/list/schema_property_id/419.htmlLinks to URIs move cataloguing data onto the Semantic Web.Slide65

Library of Congress Subject Headingsand the Semantic Webhttp://id.loc.gov/Slide66

The Swedish National Library, FRBR and the Semantic WebLink to this record: http://libris.kb.se/bib/5060570?tab1=vers“Making a Library Catalogue Part of the Semantic Web”: http://dcpapers.dublincore.org/ojs/pubs/article/viewFile/927/923Slide67

RDA and MARC: the GMD is replaced245 14 $a The hobbit $h [sound recording] / $c J.R.R. Tolkien. becomes something like245 14 $a The hobbit / $c J.R.R. Tolkien336 __ $a spoken word337 __ $a audio338 __ $a audio discSlide68

The GMD is dead; long live the Content Type, Media Type and Carrier TypeFRBR EntityBib/AuthFieldField NameExamplesExpression

Bib/Auth

336Content Type- text- performed music

ManifestationBib337

Media Type unmediated

- audio

Manifestation

Bib

338

Carrier Type

- volume

- audio disc

Book

text

337 unmediated

338 volume

DVD video

moving

image

337 video

338 videodisc

Audio CD

336

performed music

337 audio

338 audio disc

Examples:

http://www.loc.gov/marc/marbi/2009/2009-01-2.htmlSlide69

URIs for RDA Content Typeshttp://metadataregistry.org/concept/list/vocabulary_id/45.htmlSlide70

Details for the“Spoken word” Content Type elementhttp://metadataregistry.org/concept/show/id/522.htmlSlide71

A hypothetical Semantic Web description setAuthor: http://lcnaf.info/50002976Work title: English patientForm of work: http://RDVocab.info/genre/1008Language of expression: http://marclang.info.eng

Content type: http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text

Edition: 1st ed.

Place of publication: New YorkPublisher: http://onixpub.info/74312Date of production: 1992Number of units: 307 pages

Resource identifier: 0679416781

Identifier:

http://lcnaf.info/50002976

Name: Ondaatje, Michael

BirthDate

: Sep. 12, 1943

Identifier:

http://RDVocab.info/genre/1008

PrefLabel

: Novel

Identifier:

http://marclang.info/eng

Name: eng

PrefLabel

: English

AltLabel

: en

Identifier:

http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text

Definition: A resource consisting primarily of words for reading.

Identifier:

http://onixpub.info/74312

Name: Knopf

http://www.slideshare.net/kramsey/the-future-of-cataloging-and-catalogers-presentation

“Trepidation or Anticipation? The Future of

Cataloging

and Cataloguers” by Diane Hillman

Expression

Work

ManifestationSlide72

What is it, again?Slide73

Starting points for FRBR and RDA:select web sites and booksWeb sites:IFLA’s FRBR Home Page: http://www.ifla.org/en/publications/functional-requirements-for-bibliographic-records

The FRBR Blog: http://www.frbr.org/

Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA: http://www.rda-jsc.org/rda.htmlRDA Online:

http://www.rdatoolkit.org/Library of Congress RDA Test: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/RDAtest/rdatraining.html

Books:

Maxwell, Robert L.

FRBR : A Guide for the Perplexed

. ALA, 2008.

Taylor, Arlene G.

Understanding FRBR: What It Is and How It Will Affect Our Retrieval Tools

. Libraries Unlimited, 2007.

Zhang, Yin.

Implementing FRBR in Libraries

. Neal-Schuman, 2009.