Session 1 Task BCM0101AUX General The crews physiological wellbeing plays an important role in the safe and successful accomplishment of each Coast Guard mission You will be assisting people during the worst conditions ID: 678804
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Flotilla 86 Boat Crew Standard Training Class
Session 1Slide2
Task BCM-01-01-AUX
General
The crew’s physiological well-being plays an important role in the safe and successful accomplishment of each Coast Guard mission
You will be assisting people during the worst conditions
At times, you may feel like you have reached the limit of your physical and mental endurance.Slide3
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Crew Fatigue
Mental and physical fatigue are among the greatest dangers during rough weather operations.
Fatigue dramatically reduces the powers of observation, concentration and judgmentSlide4
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Situations That Cause Fatigue
Hot or cold weather conditions
Eye strain
The effort of holding on
StressSlide5
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Situations That Cause Fatigue
Exposure to noise
Exposure to the sun
Poor physical conditioning
Lack of sleep
BoredomSlide6
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Crew Fatigue-Coxn/Crew Responsibility
The coxswain’s primary responsibility is the safety of the crew
They must look for signs of fatigue
Crew members much watch each other for signs of fatigueSlide7
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Crew Fatigue-Symptoms
Inability to focus or concentrate
Narrowed attention span
Mental confusion
Judgment errorSlide8
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Crew Fatigue-Symptoms
Decreased coordination of motor skills and sensory ability (hearing, seeing)
Increased irritability
Decreased performance
Decreased concern for safetySlide9
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Crew Fatigue-Consequences
Mistakes in judgment
Shortcuts that threaten the safety of the mission and crewSlide10
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Crew Fatigue-Prevention
Adequate crew rest
Dress appropriately for the weather
Rotate crew duties
Provide food and refreshments suitable for conditions
Watch others for signs of fatigueSlide11
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Crew Fatigue-Environmental
Hot and cold
All crew members must dress or be prepared for unexpected weather
Motion sickness
Glare from the sunSlide12
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Crew Fatigue-Environmental
Wind and rough sea conditions
Rain or snow
Vibration – boat engineSlide13
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Motion Sickness
Cause
An imbalance between visual images and the portion of the middle ear which sense motion.Slide14
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Motion Sickness
Symptoms
Nausea and vomiting
Increased salivation
Unusual paleness
SweatingSlide15
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Motion Sickness
Symptoms
Drowsiness
Overall weakness
Stomach discomfortSlide16
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Motion Sickness
Prevention
Stay out of confined spaces
Stay above deck in the fresh air
Avoid concentrating on the movement of the boat by looking out over the water toward the horizon or shoreline
Avoid smokingSlide17
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Motion Sickness
Anti-Motion Medication
Scopolamine Patches
Prescription only
Over the counter remedies
Some cause drowsiness
Get Doctor’s adviceSlide18
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Motion Sickness
Anti-Motion Medication
Crew members susceptible to motion discomfort should take anti-motion medication throughout their watch since they never know when they will be dispatched on a mission Slide19
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Motion Sickness
Anti-Motion Medication
Medication taken just before getting underway may not have its maximum effect during the missionSlide20
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Motion Sickness
Anti-Motion Medication cannot be taken:
Without medical supervision
Within 12 hours of alcohol consumption
To pregnant crew membersSlide21
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Lethal Fumes
Carbon Monoxide
Colorless and odorless gas
Most common gas danger
LethalSlide22
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Lethal Fumes
Conditions Associated with Carbon Monoxide gas
Fuel burning devices
Enclosed Areas
Being underway
FiresSlide23
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Lethal Fumes
Fuel Burning Devices
Any fuel burning device can cause carbon monoxide gas
Gasoline and diesel engines
Pumps, propane/alcohol stoves, torches, kerosene heatersSlide24
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Lethal Fumes
Enclosed Spaces
Closed cockpits or unventilated spaces below decks can accumulate CO2 gas
Engine rooms
Defective exhaust systems can allow fumes into confined spacesSlide25
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Lethal Fumes
Underway
Winds can cause fumes to blow back into cockpit or cabinSlide26
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Lethal Fumes
Fires
Cause lethal fumes
Cyanide gas from burning plastics, insulation, electronicsSlide27
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Lethal Fumes
Symptoms
Throbbing temples
Dizziness
Ears ringing
Watering and itching eyes
Headache
Cherry Pink skin colorSlide28
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Lethal Fumes
Prevention
Ensure adequate circulation of fresh air throughout the vessel
Change course, speed, open porthole, etc.
Treatment
Get medical help asapSlide29
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Crew Fatigue – Other Factors
Noise
Drugs and Alcohol
Prescription
Alcohol
Hangovers
CaffeineSlide30
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Hypothermia
Is a loss of internal body temperature
The body is losing heat faster than it can make it
It can be caused by exposure to cold air or cold waterSlide31
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Hypothermia
Signs
Pale appearance
Skin cold to the touch
Pupils dilated and will not adjust
Poor coordinationSlide32
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Hypothermia
Signs
Slurred speech/appears intoxicated
Incoherent thinking
Unconsciousness
Muscle rigiditySlide33
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Hypothermia
Signs
Weak pulse
Very slow and labored breathing
Irregular heart beat
Shivering – except in advanced casesSlide34
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Hypothermia
Prevention
Protective clothing to be worn when water temperature is below 60 degrees F
Anti-Exposure coveralls
Proper clothing worn on deck
HELP or HUDDLE positions if in waterSlide35
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Hypothermia
Treatment
Covered in First Aid sectionSlide36
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Frostbite
Prevention
Thermal boots, woolen socks, woolen watch caps, gloves, thermal underwearSlide37
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Layering Clothing
First Layer – Wicking
Second Layer – Insulation
Third Layer – Moisture BarrierSlide38
Task BCM-01-02-AUX
Sun and Heat Related Factors
Sunburns
Continuous exposure to the sun can cause sunburn and other complications such as heat stroke, dehydration, etc.
Unprotected exposure to the sun can cause premature aging and an increased chance of skin cancerSlide39
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Sunburns-Symptoms
Redness, swelling, or blistering of the skin
Fever
Gastrointestinal symptoms
Malaise
Pigment changes in the skinSlide40
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Sunburn-Prevention
Stay in the shade where possible
Indirect rays can still effect you
Use sun screen when possible
Even on hazy days
SPF 15 or higherSlide41
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Sunburn-Prevention
Wear protective clothing and a hat with a brim
Wear sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection
Even when it is hazySlide42
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Sunburn-Treatment
Apply cool, wet towels to the area effected
Keep the area wet
Be careful what type of products you applySlide43
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Dehydration
A loss of fluids and electrolytes through kidneys, perspiration and respiration
2-3 liters of fluid a day is required to replace these losses
Stay away from tea, alcohol, coffee and soft drinks
They speed up the lossSlide44
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Dehydration
Symptoms
Thirst
General discomfort
Slow physical movement
Loss of appetite
Sleepiness and a rise in body temperatureSlide45
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Dehydration
Symptoms
Dry Mouth
Dizziness
Headache
Difficulty breathingSlide46
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Dehydration
Prevention
Drink water
Treatment
Remove from heat/sun
Get medical helpSlide47
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Heat Rash
Definition
Breakdown of the body’s ability to perspire
Decreased evaporative cooling of the skinSlide48
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Heat Rash
Symptoms
Pink or red minute lesions
Skin irritation – prickling
Frequent, severe itchingSlide49
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Heat Rash
Prevention
Rotate crew duties between heat related and cool
Treatment
Remove from heat immediately
Apply cool wet towelsSlide50
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Heat Cramps
Painful contractions caused by excessive salt and water depletion
Symptoms
Legs drawn up
Excessive sweating
Crying out in pain
Prevention – Rotate crewSlide51
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Heat Exhaustion
Symptoms
Collapse
Sweats profusely
Pale skin, pounding heart, nausea, headache, restless
Treatment – First aid and medivac
Prevention – Rotate CrewSlide52
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Heat Stroke
A major medical emergency
A complete breakdown of the body’s sweating and heat regulation
Symptoms
Skin is red, hot and
dry to the touch
Sweating has stoppedSlide53
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Heat Stroke
Symptoms
Headache, weak and rapid pulse, confusion, violence, lack of coordination, delirium, unconsciousness
Immediate threat to life and brain damage will occur if immediate medical treatment is not givenSlide54
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Heat Stroke
Prevention – Rotate Crew
Treatment
Medical Emergency
High mortality rate
Remove from heat and MedivacSlide55
Task BCM-03-01-AUX
Marlinspike
General
Knots secure lines to themselves
Bends secure lines to another line
Hitches secure lines to objectsSlide56
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Marlinspike
Definitions
Bitter End – the running end or the free end of the line
It is the end being worked with
Standing Part – the long unused or belayed end – the remaining part of the line including the part not workedSlide57
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Marlinspike
Overhand Loop – a loop made in a line by crossing the bitter end over the standing part
Underhand Loop – a loop made in the line by crossing the bitter end under the standing partSlide58
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MarlinspikeSlide59
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Marlinspike
Bight – a half loop formed by turning the line back on itself
Turn – a single wind or bight of a rope laid around a post, bollard, etc.
Round Turn – A complete turn or encircling of a line about an objectSlide60
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MarlinspikeSlide61
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Marlinspike
Bowline
King of Knots
Won’t jam
Temporary eye
Can tie 2 lines togetherSlide62
BowlineSlide63
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Marlinspike
Half Hitches
Used for securing a line of objects such as a ring, eye, pole, or sparSlide64
Two Half HitchesSlide65
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Marlinspike
Clove Hitch
The best all round knot for securing a line to a ring or sparSlide66
Clove HitchSlide67
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Marlinspike
Single Becket Bend
To connect 1 line to another
To connect a line to an eye splice
Double Becket Bend
To connect lines of unequal sizeSlide68
Sheet Bend/Beckett BendSlide69
Sheet Bend/Double/SlipperySlide70
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Marlinspike
Reef Knot
They jam badly
Only use on canvas covering, awnings, etc.Slide71
Reef/Square KnotSlide72
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Marlinspike
Anchor/Fisherman’s Bend
To secure a line to a ring in an anchor or mooring buoy
Also to tie to a sparSlide73
Fisherman’s/Anchor BendSlide74
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Marlinspike
Practice
Bowline
2 Half Hitches
Clove Hitch
Becket Bend (Sheet Bend)/Double
Reef Knot
Anchor BendSlide75
Task BCM-03-03-AUX
Securing to Cleats, Bits, and PostsSlide76
Securing to a CleatSlide77
Task BCM-03-03-AUX
Securing to Cleats, Bits, and PostsSlide78
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Securing to Cleats, Bits, and PostsSlide79
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Securing to Cleats, Bits, and PostsSlide80
BittsSlide81
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Securing to Cleats, Bits, and PostsSlide82
Sampson PostSlide83
Task BCM-03-04-AUX
Pre-Underway Checklist
It is similar in concept to an aircraft pre-flight checklist
It must be completed before casting off for a mission
The checklist is different by boat
The Crew helps do the checklistSlide84
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Pre-Underway Checklist - ExampleSlide85
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Pre-Underway Checklist-ExampleSlide86
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Pre-Underway Checklist-ExampleSlide87
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Pre-Underway Checklist-ExampleSlide88
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Pre-Underway Checklist-ExampleSlide89
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Pre-Underway Checklist-ExampleSlide90
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Pre-Underway Checklist-ExampleSlide91
Task BCM-05-01-AUX
Communication
VHF-FM radio is carried by all Coast Guard and Auxiliary Facilities
It is used for local, short range marine communications since it is “line of sight”
VHF-FM radios automatically monitor channel 16 - It is the International Calling and distress frequency
Everyone with a VHF radio is required to monitor Channel 16Slide92
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Emergency Communication
MAYDAY – is a distress call of the highest priority
PAN-PAN – urgent message concerning the safety of a ship, aircraft, vehicle or person
SECURITE – is a safety messageSlide93
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Communication
The working channel for Group Port Angeles is 81A
It varies by Coast Guard Group
Bridge to Bridge traffic is Channel 13A
VTS is channel 5A in this area
It varies by areaSlide94
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Communication
The normal Coast Guard to Civilian working channel is 22ASlide95
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Communication
Prowords
Turn to page 11-4 in your Seamanship book
Phonetic Alphabet
Turn to page 11-5 in your Seamanship book
Every transmission is ended with either “over” or “out” – not both!Slide96
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Communication
Speak slowly so people will understand you
Unofficial conversation should not be transmitted
Do not key the microphone until you are ready to speakSlide97
Task BCM-05-02-AUX
OPS Normal Report
Give:
Current position
Operational status
Any significant changes in weather, wind and sea state
First report of the day only, give POBSlide98
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OPS Normal Report
After the first transmission, only use the last 3 numbers of the facility number
Ops reports are due every 30 minutes to Group Port Angeles
The requirement varies by groupSlide99
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OPS Normal Report
OPS Normal Report – Example
Group Port Angeles, Auxiliary Facility 443682, Over.
682, Group, Over.
Group, my position is 1 mile north of the New Dungeness Light, Operations Normal. Wind has increased to 25 knots, over.
682, Group, Roger. Out
682 OutSlide100
Questions
Do you have any questions about anything presented tonight?Slide101
Extra Knots
Rolling Hitch
Figure 8/Sheet Stopper
Timber HitchSlide102
Rolling HitchSlide103
Figure 8/Sheet StopperSlide104
Task BCM-03-02-AUX
Marlinspike
Timber Hitch
Are used to secure a line to logs, spars, planks or other rough surfaced material
Do not use it on pipes or other metal objects Slide105
Timber Hitch