umichedujlawlerNPIspdf Negative Polarity Items illustrated with not I dont have any but NOT any as Subject eg Any one can do that which is Modal Polarity I dont ever see him ever anywhen He wouldnt budge He didnt have a red cen t He has ID: 31628
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John Lawler Negation and NPIs Version of 10/29/2005 http://www.umich.edu/~jlawler/NPIs.pdf Negative Polarity Items (illustrated with I * (don’t) have any. [but NOT any as Subject, e.g, Any one can do that, which is Modal Polarity.] I *(don’t) ever see him. [ever = *anywhen] He would*(n’t) budge. He did*(n’t) have a red cent. He has*(n’t) been here in weeks/ages/the longest That should*(n’t) lastlong, be long, take long. [but NOT a long time] understand him. I would*(n’t) care to fight with her. I would*(n’t) mind fighting with her. I *(don’t) know but that/what he’s right. They *(don’t) drink a drop , do a thing , give a damn / shit , lift Negative ‘Triggers’ (illustrated with I. Overt negatives: A. not [w/ NPI clausemate or complement] He did* ( n’t) know any body. He did*() claim (that) he knew any body. He did*( any body. B. Incorporated negatives I any body. It’s any body. It’s (overt and embedded) Did you see any body? How does any I wonder how any body stands this. III. Hypotheticalclauses Tell me any one. He asked any one. Tell me any body says. Check the list again, any I’ll read it aloud, any one objects. IV. Comparatives, superlatives, etc. There’s more/less here than