The BIG Idea Students will understand that the appearance of the moon changes in a predictable cycle as it orbits Earth and as Earth rotates on its axis Objective 1 Explain patterns of changes in the appearance of the moon as it orbits Earth ID: 135469
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Slide1
Moon PhasesSlide2
The BIG Idea
Students will understand that the appearance of the moon changes in a predictable cycle as it orbits Earth and as Earth rotates on its axis.Slide3
Objective 1:
Explain patterns of changes in the appearance of the moon as it orbits Earth.
Describe changes in the appearance of the moon during a month.
Identify the pattern of change in the moon’s appearance
Use observable evidence to explain the movement of the moon around Earth in relationship to Earth turning on its axis and the position of the moon
changing in the sky.
Design an investigation, construct a chart, and collect data depicting the phases of the moonSlide4
Objective 2:
Demonstrate how the relative positions of Earth, the moon, and the sun create the appearance of the moon’s phases.
Identify the difference between the motion of an object rotating on its axis and an object revolving in orbit.
Compare how objects in the sky (the moon, planets, stars) change in relative position over the course of the day or night.
Model the movement and relative positions of Earth, the moon, and the sun.Slide5
Must Know Vocabulary
Rotation
– is the spinning of an object (i.e. planet) around an imaginary center line.
Orbit
– is the path that an object follows around a central object.
Revolution
– is to move in an orbit around another object.
Axis
– is an imaginary line through the middle of an object, around which that object spins.Reflection – the process of bouncing off.Slide6
Planetary Motion
Planets revolve in an orbit around the Sun.
The Moon revolves in an orbit our planet, Earth.
Day and night on Earth are caused by Earth’s rotation on its axis as it revolves around the Sun. Slide7
The Moon
The Moon orbits
(travels around
) Earth.
The revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon appear as if it is changing shape in the sky.
From Earth we see the Moon grow from a thin crescent to a full disk (or full moon) and then shrink back to a thin crescent again before vanishing for a few days.Slide8
The different shapes that the moon appears to have are called the Moon’s phases.
The Moon goes through eight basic phases as it revolves around Earth.
The Moon completes an orbit and a lunar cycle
approximately every
4
weeks.
Changes of the MoonSlide9
Changes of the Moon
The moon is lit by sunlight reflecting off it. That light reaches Earth as moonlight.
The lit part of the Moon always points the way to the Sun.
The part of the moon facing the sun is lit up. The part facing away from the sun is in darkness.Slide10
The phases that you see depends on how much of the sunlit part of the moon you can see.
The lit part you can see depends on the alignment of the Moon and Sun, and your position on Earth.
Changes of the MoonSlide11
The phases we will be discussing and observing are as we see the Moon in the Northern Hemisphere.
Did you know the countries near the equator see the crescent moon shaped like a smile?
The MoonSlide12
Why are the phases different in each hemisphere?
The Moon orbits near the equator of the Earth.
In the northern hemisphere, we're standing on the opposite side of the globe from countries in the southern hemisphere.
We are essentially "upside down" from each other!
Therefore, we see the Moon from a completely different vantage point from each other.
The MoonSlide13
The MoonSlide14
FULL
QUARTER
CRESCENT
GIBBOUS
FOUR
BASIC
SHAPESSlide15
The Moon passes through four major
phases
during a cycle that repeats itself every 29.5 days. The phases always follow one another in the same order:
New moon
First quarter
Full moon
Third quarterSlide16
New Moon
The new moon occurs when the moon and the sun are on the same side of Earth. The moon is between the Sun and the Earth and therefore lost in the glare of the sun. We see the side which is not lit, so the moon appears dark to us.
We can’t see a New Moon because the lit side is facing directly away from the Earth. The New Moon rises at dawn and sets at sunset.Slide17
New MoonSlide18
New MoonSlide19
First Quarter Moon
The right half of the Moon appears lighted and the left side of the Moon appears dark. During the time between the New Moon and the First Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets larger and larger every day, and will continue to grow until the Full Moon.Slide20
First Quarter MoonSlide21
Full Moon
The lighted side of the Moon faces the Earth. This means that the Earth, Sun, and Moon are nearly in a straight line, with the Earth in the middle. The Moon that we see is very bright from the sunlight reflecting off it.Slide22
Full MoonSlide23
Third (Last) Quarter Moon
Sometimes called Third Quarter. The left half of the Moon appears lighted, and the right side of the Moon appears dark. During the time between the Full Moon and the Last Quarter Moon, the part of the Moon that appears lighted gets smaller and smaller every day. It will continue to shrink until the New Moon, when the cycle starts all over again.Slide24
Third Quarter MoonSlide25
Comparing the First- and
Third-Quarter Moons
First-quarter Moon
Third-quarter MoonSlide26
There are also four other phases of the
Moon
used.Slide27
Waxing Crescent Moon
"Waxing" means increasing, or growing larger.
This
Moon can be seen after the New Moon, but before the First Quarter Moon.
The
crescent will grow larger and larger every day, until the Moon looks like the First Quarter Moon.
http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.html
Slide28
Waxing Crescent MoonSlide29
Waxing Gibbous Moon
This Moon can be seen after the First Quarter Moon, but before the Full Moon. The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow larger and larger every day. Slide30
Waxing Gibbous MoonSlide31
Waning Gibbous Moon
"Waning" means decreasing, or getting smaller.
This
Moon can be seen after the Full Moon, but before the Last Quarter Moon. The amount of the Moon that we can see will grow smaller and smaller every day. Slide32
Waning Gibbous MoonSlide33
Waning Crescent Moon
This Moon can be seen after the Last Quarter Moon and before the New Moon. The crescent will grow smaller and smaller every day, until the Moon looks like the New Moon. Slide34
Waning Crescent MoonSlide35
Moon Phases QuizSlide36Slide37
The movie is an animated GIF created by Antonio
Cidadao
from a sequence of still images taken during March and April 1998.
Copyright
Antonio
Cidadao
. Slide38
Let’s Review Moon Phases!Slide39
It’s Just a Phase
Moonlight is reflected sunlight.
Half the moon’s surface is always reflecting light.
From Earth we see different amounts of the Moon’s lit surface.
The amount seen is called a “phase.”
The visible light moves (grows or shrinks) in a right-to-left motion.Slide40
The Phases
New moon
Waxing Crescent moon
First Quarter moon
Waxing Gibbous moon
Full moon
Waning Gibbous moon
Third Quarter moon
Waning Crescent moonNew moonSlide41
Video
Go to YouTube.
Search “The Universe: Phases of the Moon”Slide42
Review Questions
How long does it take Earth’s Moon to complete one lunar cycle?
What is a new Moon and what causes it?
What is the difference between a waxing Moon and a waning Moon?
What is the difference between a crescent Moon and a gibbous Moon?
Sketch the Moon’s appearance 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after the new Moon.