Jhoon Kim Mijin Kim Ukkyo Jeong GEMS Team Yonsei University GEMS Science Team Myung Hwan Ahn Yong Sang Choi Myeongjae Jeong Jae Hwan Kim Young Joon Kim Hanlim Lee Kwang Mog Lee Rokjin Park ID: 293970
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Slide1
Status of GEMS
Jhoon Kim,
Mijin Kim, Ukkyo JeongGEMS TeamYonsei UniversitySlide2
GEMS Science Team
Myung Hwan Ahn
Yong Sang ChoiMyeongjae JeongJae Hwan KimYoung Joon KimHanlim Lee Kwang Mog LeeRokjin Park
Seon Ki Park
Chul Han Song
Jung Hun Woo
Jung-Moon Yoo
Changwoo AhnJay Al-SaadiP.K. BhartiaKevin BowmanGreg CarmichaelKelly ChanceYunsoo ChoiRon CohenRuss Dickerson David EdwardsAnnmarie ElderingErnest HilsenrathDaneil JacobScott JanzThomas KurosuQinbin Li
Heinrich BovensmannJohn BurrowsJoerg LangenPieternel LeveltUlrich PlattPiet StamnesPepijn Veefkind Ben VeihelmannThomas Wagner
Hajime Akimoto Sachiko HayashidaHitoshi Irie Yasko Kasai Kawakami Shuji Charles Wong
Xiong LiuRandall MartinSteve MassieJack McConnel*Tom McElroy Jessica NeuMike NewchurchStan SanderJochen StutzOmar TorresDong WuLiang XuPing YangDusanka ZupanskiMilija Zupanski
Jin Seok HanChang Keun SongSang Deog LeeM.H. LeeH.W. SeoSukjo LeeYoudeog HongJ.S. Kim
Seung Hoon LeeSang Soon YongD.G. LeeJ.P GongDai Ho KoS.H. KimJ.H. YeonY.C. Youk…
Sangseo Park, Mijin Kim, Ukkyo Jeong, M.J. Choi; Ju Seon Bak, Kanghyun Baek;
Hyeong-Ahn Kwon, H.J. Cho; K.M. Han, Jihyo Chong, Kwanchul Kim; J.H. Park, Y.J. Lee;
Bo-Ram Kim, M.A. Kang J.H. Yang, Sujeong Lim, S.W. Jeong ; Slide3
Outline
GEMS Program
StatusBaseline ProductsSpecification
Issues
Nominal radiance vs. SNR
Predicted Performance
SummarySlide4
Air Quality Forecast in Operation
- by Korean Ministry of Environment - O3
, NO
2
, PM …
http://www.kaq.or.krSlide5
Status of GEMS Mission
Budget & Review
Budget request proposal was approved on Dec. 2010 by the Government Budget Review Committee led by the Ministry of Planning and FinanceGEMS Program passed Mid-term review on Dec. 4, 2013, and now is
in Final Phase till launch
.
* Launch : Dec., 2018
Prime Contractor
Selection of main contractor for the Joint Development with KARI on May 13th , 2013 (International Contractor: Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp.)
Changes in EnvironmentDomesticGEMS, included as one of the 140 New National Agenda(2013
)Air quality forecast in operation since 2013 by NIER (data assimilation of model with sat. data)International
Increased attention on SLCFInternational CollaborationRecognized as a part of Geostationary AQ Constellation by CEOS ACCToR for NASA-NIER/ME collaboration endorsed by NASA HQ and NIER/MEBilateral agreement between Korea MEST and U.S. NASAMOU between KARI and NSO
MOU with NCAR(2010), Harvard CfA (2011), UCLA(2012); Agreement with NASA(2011)Slide6
Product
Impor
-tance
Min
(cm
-2
)
Max
(cm-2)Nominal
(cm-2)
AccuracySpectral window (nm)
Spatial Resolution(km
2)@ Seoul
SZA
(
deg
)
Retriev
-al
NO
2
Ozone precursor
3x10131x10171x10141x1015425-45056< 70BOAS/ DOASSO2Aerosol precursor6x1081x10176x10141x1016310-33056x 4 pixels< 50(60*)HCHOProxy for VOCs1x10153x10163x10151x1016327-35756x 4 pixels< 50(60*)O3Oxidant, pollutant4x10172x10181x10183%(TOz)5%(Strat)20%(Trop)300-34056< 70TOMS,OEAOD (AI, SSA,AOCH)Air quality,Climate0 (AOD)5 (AOD)0.2 (AOD)20% or 0.1@ 400nm300-50056< 70Multi-spectralO2-O2CloudsData quality,climate0 (COD)50 (COD)17 (COD)300-50056Raman,O2-O2SurfacePropertyEnviron-ment01-300-50056Multi-spectral
Baseline productsSlide7
CTM
RTM
Radiance spectrum
Sim
GEMS_Lv1b
Radiance spectrum
MET. field
Emission
R
λ
(Sat.)SurfaceRad Cloud fractionCloud height
Aerosol
Surface refl.AI, AOD, SSA, AOCH
NO
2
SO
2
HCHO
O
3
Trop. NO
2
VCDTrop. SO2 VCDHCHO VCDTrop. O3 VCDTotal O3 VCDData AssimilationBefore LaunchAfter LaunchAQ ForecastClimate Change PolicyGEMSInstrumentRequirementDynamic rangeSpectral rangeSpectral resolutionSpatial resolutionSNRMTFOperation ScenarioCloudCloud detectionYESNOPublic ServiceHourly AMFStratospheric CompAMFCAL/VALSlide8
1. Design an integrated algorithm
2. Make standardizing conventions
3. Make algorithm developers be familiar with
the standardizing rules
4. Develop each algorithm and common modules based on the standardizing rules
5. Assemble the algorithms and common modules to be an integrated one
6. Optimize an integrated one including parallelization and porting
7. Test the system
8. Repeat the processes, if needed
Finish
On-going20142015
GEMS Unified algorithm development scheduleSlide9
Projected FOV & GSD - NS GSD @ Seoul : 7.0km
Projected FOV
Region of interest
For clear sector method
Normal operationSlide10
Operation mode
Operation mode
Observation Freq. (min)E-W Scan coverage(@lat. of Seoul)Normal
60*
75 E – 145 E (70
deg
wide)
SpecialEA(East Asia)60*110 E – 140 E (30 deg wide)EEA(Enhanced East Asia)60*115 E – 130 E (15 deg wide)
LA(Local Area)< 30In emergencyby ground commandImaging time 30 minutes + Transmission 30 minutes
to avoid mechanical disturbance with GOCI-2Slide11
Comparison of Specification
GEMS
GEOCAPE
[TEMPO]
Sentinel-4
Spectral range(nm)
300 – 500 nm
[290 – 690 nm]
305-500 / 750-775
Spectral
resol
(nm)
0.6 (3 samples)
[0.6]
0.5 / 0.12
Spatial
resol
7 km NS x 8 km EW @ Seoul
3.5 km NS x 8 km EW for aerosol
[2.0 km NS x 4.5 km EW]
8 km @ 45 N
Spatial coverage5 S – 45 N75 E – 145 E30 N - 65 N40 W – 60 E20 N – 60 N30 W – 150 WObs. time30 min[1 hour]1 hourDetector @ TCCD @ 278 K[CCD @ ~255 K]CCD @ 230 KOnboard calibrationSolar, cal light source[Solar]Solar, cal light sourceVolume (m3)1.1 x 1.2 x 0.9[1 x 1.1 x 1]~1.1 x 1.2 x 0.9Mass (Kg)110[100]150
Power (W)
200 (on orbit) / 100 (transfer)
[100]
180
Data rate (Mbps)
20 (up to 40)
[9]
25 Mbps
SNR
&
Nominal Radiance
[Wm
-2
sr
-1
m
m
-1
]
Wave-
length
Nominal radiance
SNR
@
l
[nm]
Wave-
length
Nominal
radiance
SNR
Wave-
length
Nominal
radiance
SNR
Goal
Threshold
300-315
4.93
7.98
252
@300
305-330
33.5
305
310
315
1.10
2.90
18.0
160
320
630
315
-325
30.4
43.4
720
@320
720
[1290]
320
30.9
900
325-335
63.8
86.6
1273
@325
1504
@357
320-329
54.3
[480]
335-357
65.2
91.4
327-356
53.3
350
70.9
1000
357-423
71.6
108.7
400
91.4
1200
423-451
86.4
130.8
1500
@430
423-451
67.3
[1230]
450
101
1400
451-500
103.7
145.5
1459
@500
500
73.1
1400
Ref.
Kelly Chance
Ben
Veihelmann
,
Cathy
ClerbauxSlide12
Comparison of Baseline Products
GEMS
GEOCAPE
[TEMPO]
Sentinel-4
Operation
2018-2027
2019-2021
2019-2028
Products
O3, NO
2, O4, SO2, HCHO,
AI, AOD, SSA, Cloud
O
3
,(UV, Vis), NO
2
, SO
2
, H
2
CO, H2C2O2, AOD, AI, CloudO3, SO2, (BrO), HCHO, Ring , NO2, O4, (IO CHOCHO), AAI, AOD, CloudTypical rangePrecisionTypical valuePrecisionTypical valuePrecisionO3Troposp4x1017 ~ 2x1018 cm-220 %40 ppb10%10-25%50 ppb10%Strato-sphere230-360 DU5 %8 x 1035%Total250-400 DU3 %9 x 1033%NO23x 1013 ~3x 1017cm-21x1015 cm-261.0015-25%SO26x108 ~ 1x1017 cm-21x1016 cm-21010.020-50%HCHO1x1015~3x1016 cm-21x1016 cm-21010.020-50%AOD0.20.10.1-10.05
AAOD
0-0.05
0.03
AI
-1 ~ +5
0.2
-1 - +5
0.2
Cloud Fraction
0 ~ 1
0.05
0-1
0.05
Cloud Top Height
200-900
hPa
200-900
hPa
100
hPa
CHOCHO
0.2
0.4
BrO
Ref.
Kelly Chance
Ben
Veihelmann
,
Cathy
ClerbauxSlide13
- Performance prediction -
Error analysis using the optimal estimation method
TOMS climatology 388nm surface albedo
CMAQ model results in East Asia domain
GEMS viewing geometries
VLIDORT
Radiances, Jacobians, …
SNR
Calculate the solution error
(retrieval noise + smoothing error) by optimal estimation method (Rodgers; Liu and Chance
et al.)GEMS specificationSlide14
Calculation domain & conditions
Temporal domain
0 – 7 UTC (every hours) X 12 month
Spatial domain
75 – 145 longitude X 5 – 45 latitude (2 degree
resol
.)
~ 70,000 runsAtmosphere profilesCMAQ calculation results in East Asia (~70,000 profiles)
6 gases (O3, NO
2, H2CO, SO2
, C2H2O2, H2
O), BrO, OClO, O4
and AerosolActual viewing geometry for a geostationary satellite at 128.2° E
No cloud (under consideration)
RTM calculation and sensitivity calculation (VLIDORT)
300-500
nm at 0.6 nm FWHM, every 0.2
nm
GEMS SNR
Climatology surface reflectance from TOMS at 388nmSlide15
NO2 100.0%
SO2 99.8%
HCHO 100.0%
Tropo. O3 99.9%
1.
환경탑재체 규격에 근거한 사용자 요구사항 만족도
(3/4)
15
SZA
Solution error
User Req.Slide16
Strat. O3 100.0%
Total O3 100.0%
1.
환경탑재체 규격에 근거한 사용자 요구사항 만족도
(4/4)
Species
Required precision
# of spatial
co-adding
Meet requirments (%)
NO
2
0.1×10
16
2
100.0
SO
2
1.0×10
16
4*
99.8
HCHO1.0×10164100.0Trop. O320%499.9Strat. O35%1100.0Total O33%1100.016* 3 hours co-addingSlide17
Overestimation of nominal radiance
decrease of SNR
Near 300 nm Important for ozone retrieval (wavelength coverage extension issue)GOCI most probable measured radiance (all pixels including cloud)
(one daily cycle per month for 1 year (2012),
Lat = 25N~48N, Long = 115E~145E)Nominal radiance and SNRSlide18
1X integration time
4/3X integration time
5/3X integration time
2X integration time
Predicted SNR @ nominal radiance with different integration time
Increase of Integration Time
Issues: 1) signal saturation, 2) pointing stability
*
SNR requirementSlide19
Data Quality Harmonization
with GEO Constellation
CEOS ACCHarmonizing data qualitySharing basic requirementsComparing algorithm performanceCommon algorithm standardCross participating in science & review meetingsCalibrationPre-flight cal.
Collaborate with TEMPO, Sentinel-4 and TROPOMI team
Post flight ground-based Cal/Val
AERONET, Pandora, SAOZ …
GSICS UV-VISSlide20
Summary
GEMS is now in main phase, after SDR in 2013 and
PDR this week, and is planned to be launched in Dec., 2018.
GEMS is
expected to provide information on trace gas and aerosol with their precursors in high spatial and temporal
resolution
O
3 NO2 HCHO SO2 AOD/AI, (possibly CHOCHO, BrO)
Clouds, surface reflectance, UV radiation.The predicted performance of trace gases from the initial design of GEMS satisfies the product accuracy requirements of NO
2, HCHO, O3. Meanwhile, the estimated accuracy of SO2
product seems to be questionable, thus requires the increase of SNR by spatial coadding (lowering resolution), longer observation time, or more frequent operation (reduced E-W scan range).The data assimilation between CTM and GEMS data is important with the air quality forecast in operation.
Collaboration with Team of TROPOMI, Sentinel-4 & TEMPO is desirable in calibration, algorithm development and applicationSlide21
Acknowledgement
GEMS Science
TeamMinistry of Environment (MoE), Rep. of KoreaNIER,
MoE
KEITI,
MoE
Ministry of Science, ICT & future Planning (MSIP)
KARI