User Manual 1 De User Manual Man 0 97 501 Andy Small Chris Rasmussen Manual No Authorised for Issue User Manual 8 In a piezometer installation h is known v is maintained at a known value a ID: 312099
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User Manual 1 De - Airing Unit With Manual Pumps User Manual Man 0 97 5.0.1 Andy Small Chris Rasmussen Manual No. Authorised for Issue User Manual 8 In a piezometer installation h is known, v is maintained at a known value, and u for each piezometer tip is estimated using previous pore pressu re readings. In this way p is calculated for each piezometer and de - airing carried out at the appropriate pressure. If the piezometer lies below the readout point, the term h , the difference in head between the piezometer tip and pressure and vacuum gaug es on the de - airing unit, changes sign and becomes negative. When a piezometer tip has accumulated a lot of air, care should be taken to apply sufficient pressure to drive water at least as far as the tip before applying a vacuum to the other tube, since friction loss in the return tube carrying air is much less than in one carrying water, and air will be drawn in through the piezometer tip from the surrounding fill. User Manual 9 Example 2 Where p = 2 (h + u) - v p = 2 ( - 7 +4) - v p = - 6 - v for v = 0 p = - 6 mH 2 0 for v = - 5 mH 2 0 p = - 1 mH 2 0 for v = - 10 mH 2 0 p = 4 mH 2 0 4m TIP U=4mH 2 0 p v PIEZOMETRIC LEVEL 7m(h) User Manual 12 Figure 1 De - Airing Unit - Schematic Footpump Boiler Vacuum Pu mp K N P L V M Tubing from Piezometer Panel Tubing to Piezometer Panel H I PPP.R.V E P.R.V. F N.R. VV S R G